State of Management of South AfricaÃ¢â¬â¢s ... - WWF South Africa

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STATE OF MANAGEMENT OF SOUTH AFRICA’S MARINE PROTECTED AREASSouth African Police Service (SAPS) and MCM FCOs had aided in the arresting and drivingout of several abalone poachers. The poaching was not only posing problems for theresources but also the local community as abalone poachers had threatened and harassedseveral SEAWATCH volunteers.MONITORING (49%)Monitoring in the MPA was limited to: resource use was recorded when on patrols, however these were not consistent andextensive; oystercatcher nesting sites and breeding success was recorded over December 2008There was no comprehensive system implemented to monitor biotic and abiotic conditionsand social conditions. There was some research taking place in the MPA, however this wasnot driven by management. A schedule for the periodic review and updating of themanagement plan was provided in the plan.PUBLIC EDUCATION AND AWARENESS (50%)There was no planned education programme specific to the MPA being implemented. Schoolgroups took part in environmental education programs offered by the South African NationalBiodiversity Institute at the Harold Porter Botanical Gardens in Betty’s Bay. Some aspectswere related to marine ecology but none specifically to the MPA. An adult group wasaddressed by the MPA manager, in collaboration with SANBI, and taught about variousaspects of the MPA. Adults involved were only those who were particularly interested in theMPA. This ad-hoc education was not adequate to raise awareness amongst the localcommunities, visitors and stakeholders. There were no brochures specific to the MPA,however the Marine Recreational Activity Information brochure produced by DEA wasavailable. The signs indicated restricted and allowable activities but were outdated and stillreferred to the MPA as a ‘Marine Reserve’.INTERACTION WITH STAKEHOLDERS AND COMMUNITIES (58%)CapeNature recognised that positive relations with local communities were important forMPA management but no specific actions to develop these relations had been implemented.There was mixed support by local communities for the MPA and its manager and there wasmixed tolerance of illegal activities in that some community members were strongly opposedto poaching and reported it while others supported poachers. There was no co-managementwith local stakeholders however; this was being addressed through the planning of anIntegrated Management Plan for the marine section of the Kogelberg Biosphere Reserve.Benefits from the MPA were going mainly to foreigners that used the MPA for recreationalpurposes.The Kogelberg Marine Working Group consisted of representatives from CapeNature, MCM,SEAWATCH, WWF-SA, SAPS Betty’s Bay, Rate Payers Association of Betty’s Bay, theOverstrand Municipality and the Kogelberg Biosphere Reserve. The KMWG facilitated goodPg 78
STATE OF MANAGEMENT OF SOUTH AFRICA’S MARINE PROTECTED AREASinformation exchange and communication between stakeholders; however somestakeholders were not represented. Stakeholders’ comments were responded to as much aspossible; however this was limited due to staff shortages.ImprovementsA stakeholders forum has been established.Good relationships have been established with a local organisation and with MCMofficers to assist with compliance.A MPA management plan has been developed and is useful to the manager.A boat had been supplied.Funding from the World Bank has allowed for a two year focussed project to beundertaken within the Kogelberg Area which will assist in improving marinemanagement for the MPA and surrounds.WeaknessesNo MPA specific regulations are in place.Trained and skilled staff need to be employed.A larger allocation of funding needs to be negotiated for additional staff.A comprehensive management effectiveness monitoring program needs to bedesigned and implemented.Education programs and workshops need to target the affected communities andresource users.There needs to be meaningful engagement with local stakeholders using variedmethods according to the community characteristics.6.3 DE HOOP MPA6.3.1 ContextThe De Hoop MPA is located adjacent to the De Hoop Nature Reserve, a World HeritageSite, and the Overberg Test Range (a missile testing range) on the south coast of theWestern Cape. The MPA includes rocky platforms, boulder bays, sandy beaches andsubtidal rocky reefs and sandy benthos. MPA access is only via the De Hoop NatureReserve. The MPA supports a rich diversity of intertidal biota, protects reef fish, provides arefuge for several over-exploited fish species and is a critically important nursery area for theSouthern Right whale. The MPA is also an important breeding area for African Blackoystercatchers. Recreational activities in and associated with the MPA include the famousDe Hoop Whale Trail, snorkelling, whale watching, swimming and bathing and hiking.Threats to the marine environment in the MPA include commercial linefishing, recreationaland subsistence fishing from ski-boats, shore based angling, abalone poaching and vesselsource pollution.Pg 79
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