The Theology of Heraclitus: a Presocratic Pantheism

sessor as eg ?t Lc s. '"it a life beref t ofEven if aiqqs dld not always br190ing wit hraf or6n.o. ln nnvorPopular Mora1ity,237-8 and Dodds, Gks. eItrat.,26 n.109), the net result of being aidoios was sti11 agood since you had at least not outraged others and so werebeyond theirreproach.The i'ord aido-s does no! appear in Bl5, but it is centralto a proper understanding of t$o importan! words that arementioned: and anaidestata. We have seen thataid6s \.'as an lnhibitive feeltng of reve!ence or nodes!y before!hose thlngs and actlons that society had deemeddeservillg such ar,]e, This concept w1l1 help us understto beand liataidoia were not lend or shameful parts snd that anaideacts are no! acts tha! arq implous,r r , __4l.llt:f_Yl_3ll{e .n r.lio.tslvaf orm edf rorn aid?s nhich therefore neanssome!hing along !helineso: "regarded r.riLh awe, reverence;shameful,beshfu1",I0LSJ.t" $rrong, I lhink, when they say that aid6s ls someti$esused in a negative sense in llomer to describe an improper act lrhich causesshane. They refer to the usage 1n lhe Iliad where it is used almost as an'in.AriF.ri^r r| 5 7A?. R 2.R: 13,95; 11,5O2i 16,422i 17,336). But thisdoes not nean nscaidal" but ls ellipLtcal for o.i6ie ioo tiriv (so Leaf,ad 5,787; verdenius, llner.,12[I944],54-5; SneU, !9I!E9g,,". t'. aid6s). ThusKahn is wrong uhen he sees a "double sense" ln the concept of aldds, oaegood, one bad (p.265).Proof thai the early concept of aid6s is a boon and no! a bee lsfound in Pindar, 01.13,1I5. Aristotle !ecllnically delries lhe apPlicationof the tero aret6 ro a'C6s, but he goes on.o admit thaL "it is pralsed,as is Ehe aiaam-on C\E 2,7: 11OBa32). lrrl:at makes aid6s not a true aretai" its .lereii of ex-ternal cause and so is best though! of as a palhE,"an"though he will go so fai as !o say that aid-os has a kiod of condltionalvirtuousness (NE 4,9: IL23b29)' The so-ca11ed tradi!ional alnbtvalencefelE about aid6s evidenr in a few leferences to a I'good aido-s" and a "badalit-os" does not nilitate against its being properly a virttre'-speakingWtratever "bad aid-os" night sean in llesiod or Eurlpides (and no one seens