Socio-economic Baseline Survey of Chittagong Hill Tracts - chtdf

HDRCSocio-economic Baseline Survey of Chittagong Hill Tracts85As evident from the survey, almost all households have multiple sources of income (Table11.1). Although the cumulative percentage of all reported sources of household income variesdepending upon communities, it ranges between 100% (implies that the households onaverage have only one source of income) and 255% (2.5 sources of income), with 154% forall CHT. There are instances where for large number of households, there are multiplesources of income within some of the broader categories, such as agriculture.It is revealed that rural CHT households are heavily dependent on agriculture as their sourceof income. Almost all the CHT households have at least one agriculture related incomesource, and some of them earn from multiple sources related with agriculture. Thus,cumulative percentage of household income from the agriculture related sources is about117% (about 1.2 sources on average per household) for all rural CHT households. On thewhole, the indigenous households are more related with agriculture than the Bangalees. Thecumulative percentage of households who have reported income from the agriculture relatedsource is about 136%, while the same for the Bangalees is 96%. Among the indigenouscommunities, the Chakmas, the Khyangs, the Marmas, and the Tanchangyas are moreinvolved with agriculture as a whole as compared to the others. The cumulative percentagerelated to income from the same sources ranges between 143% and 173% (i.e., 1.43 and 1.73sources per household).Table 11.1: Reported Cumulative Income Source of household by Communities (%)Sources ofIncomeIndigenouspeoples: AllBawmChakChakmaKhyangKhumiLushaiMarmaMroPangkhuaTanchangyaTripuraBangaleeAll CHTAgriculturerelated135.9 96.9 100 173 172.4 97 83.7 163.4 95.3 89.9 143.5 90.1 95.7 117.5Business 7.2 3.7 10.2 9.5 6.4 5.0 5.5 6.0 3.2 4.5 5.1 2.0 10.5 8.6Wage (nonfarm) & 15.9 4.7 36.7 20.4 27.7 2.3 3.2 17.3 1.4 3.6 5.0 8.5 11.8 14.1salariedTraditional 6.7 21.3 12.2 11.4 29.8 4.3 3.9 3.8 1.4 9.5 8.4 2.0 2.2 4.7Others 9.0 3.6 2.0 16 19.1 0.6 4.3 4.7 6.0 0.5 3.4 3.0 8.6 9.0CumulativeTotal174.7 130.2 161.1 230.3 255.4 109.2 100.6 195.2 107.3 108 165.4 105.6 128.8 153.9Wage (non-farm) and salaried category of household income, very remotely, follows theagriculture related category with 14% for all CHT households and 16% of IP households. Forsome communities the traditional category of income earning sources closely follows thenon-farm wage and salaried category or even the earlier source is in the second level which isfollowed by the latter. For example, for the Chakmas, the respective cumulative percentageof non-farm wage and salaried category, and traditional category of reported sources ofhousehold income are 20% and 11% respectively, while among the Khyangs the same are28% and 30% respectively. The proportion of business category and other income sourcescategory is reportedly low.