Fusion Programme - ENEA - Fusione

Fusion ProgrammeIntroductionThe technology activities carried out by the Euratom-ENEA Association concernthe continuation of the European Fusion Development Agreement (EFDA) as wellas the ITER activities coordinated by the ITER International Office and Fusion forEnergy. Also included in the activities are design and R&D under the Broader Approach Agreement between theEU and Japan.In order to better contribute to the programme a number of consortium agreements among the Associations arebeing signed. Collaboration with industries in view of their participation in the construction of ITER was furtherstrengthened, mainly in the field of magnet and divertor components.The new European Test Blanket Facility at ENEA Brasimone was completed; the design of the ITER radial neutroncamera was optimised and the performance achievable with the in-vessel viewing system was further assessedby experimental trials. Design activities for the JT-60SA magnet and power supply system as well as the designand experimental activities related to the target of the International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility werecontinued. Significant work was done to define quality assurance for neutronics analyses. Mockups of the ITERpre-compression ring made in glass fibre epoxy were tested.The activities and results documented in the following illustrate ENEA’s efforts to support fusion development.3.2 Divertor, First Wall, Vacuum Vessel and ShieldQualification of an alternativeW grade to manufacturedivertor monoblocksAfter the successful manufacturing and testing of several small-scalemockups of the vertical target of the ITER divertor (see ProgressReport 2006), the feasibility of using an alternative tungsten (W) grademanufactured in the Russian Federation is being investigated (EFDAcontract 05/1249). The activity consists of• procurement of the W grade from the Efremov Institute St. Petersburg, Russian Federation;• manufacture of six monoblock samples;• high heat flux loading at the Efremov Institute;• post-test examination of the tested samples.2007 Progress ReportENEA is mainly involved in managing the contract, starting with the procurement of one hundred Wmonoblock tiles with a pure cast copper (Cu) interlayer. The tiles from Efremov have to be accompaniedby a report on the nondestructive testing assuring defect-free Cu casting. The small monoblock samplesare manufactured by ENEA’s patented hot radial pressing (HRP) technique with which five tungsten tiles,already provided with the Cu interlayer, are bonded to the ITER-grade Cu tube at ENEA Frascati. Theone–hundred W monoblock tiles were received and the first two mockups manufactured (fig. 3.1). The firstresults encourage continuing this activity on diversifying the procurement of W grade material as well asthe potential suppliers of divertor components.Profilometry on Wand CFC tilesDuring 2007 3D profilometry with a Zygo NewView 5000 white-light interferometricprofilometer and ceramo-(metallo-)graphy were carried out on the parts of the Wand carbon fibre composite (CFC) tiles exposed to ITER-relevant Type I edgelocalised modes (ELMs) and disruption loads in the Quasi-Stationary Plasma40