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MAP 12Areas of High Population Pressure or Intensive Use in Guayana ForestsFor information on sources and methodology, see Annex 1.*According to the Geneva Agreement of February 7, 1966, Venezuela claims two-thirds of the territory of Guyana.68
y these actors. In addition, because concessions restrict local communities’ access tonatural resources, some groups may have no other alternative but to move to other relativelyintact forests.• Small-scale mining and indigenous communities: The overlap between areas of smallscalemining and indigenous populations is significant –a potential source of conflict betweenindigenous peoples and non-indigenous small-scale miners. 110• Strictly protected areas and indigenous communities: Indigenous lands overlap withstrictly protected areas, although most of these areas were established after indigenouscommunities had already settled in them. Recent trends observed in indigenous communities(population growth, sedentarization, and increased use of firearms and other newtechnologies) pose a challenge for preserving the lifestyles of indigenous communities whilestill maintaining the relative intactness of strictly protected forests.Summary and AnalysisAlthough still relatively low, population in the Guayana region has grown exponentially in the1980s, due primarily to migration from other parts of the country. Even the indigenous populationhas greatly increased, due mostly to high birth rates and declines in the mortality rate. At the sametime, the trend toward sedentarization and growth of indigenous settlements is almost certain toresult in a more intensive use of nearby forest resources by these communities.However, the strongest pressures on the forest ecosystems of the Guayana region come from nonindigenouspopulations and uses. The continued growth of non-indigenous, natural-resourcedependentsettlements around the forest edge is likely to lead to new population centers, increasingthe demand for new roads and new infrastructure. Most of the region’s forest loss has occurred dueto expansion of the economic frontier (e.g., for mining and agriculture). The apparent overlap amongindigenous communities, small-scale miners and farmers, and logging and mining concessions is akey indicator of pressure on the Guayana region forests. To the degree that these conflicts remainunresolved, expansion into relatively intact forests will likely accelerate. Because local communitiesand the regional economy depend strongly on the resources and services provided by these forests,forest loss and degradation would have a lasting impact on the region’s populations.69
Page 2 and 3:
The State of Venezuela’s ForestsA
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PresentationMan has become increasi
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ForewordForests help to slow global
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AcknowledgmentsGlobal Forest Watch
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Mining ............................
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6. Actual and Potential Conflicts B
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Key FindingsVenezuela is still home
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However, the forests of the Guayana
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2Political and Administrative Bound
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MAP 2Settlements in the Forests of
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In 1998, the Venezuelan Forest Serv
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Legal Instrument Year RelevanceDecr
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CHAPTER 2Forest Cover and Protectio
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13Forest CoverMAP 3Data on forest c
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• Lack of consistency in results.
Page 37 and 38: 17Areas Strictly Protected for Cons
Page 39 and 40: Areas protected for natural resourc
Page 41 and 42: Actual and Potential Conflicts Betw
Page 43 and 44: Capacity to Manage Protected Areas
Page 45 and 46: CHAPTER 3Non-Extractive Value of Fo
Page 47 and 48: Wildlife Species Richness in the Gu
Page 49 and 50: Threatened and Endemic Species by S
Page 51 and 52: At least thirteen plants and animal
Page 53 and 54: The capture and collection of parro
Page 55 and 56: CHAPTER 4Forest Development TrendsV
Page 57 and 58: Imports, Exports, and National Prod
Page 59 and 60: Industrial Wood Production, 1980-19
Page 61 and 62: • In 1997, royalties and fees com
Page 63 and 64: Status of Logging Concessions in th
Page 65 and 66: Irregularities in Logging Concessio
Page 67 and 68: Low extraction rates in the Guayana
Page 69 and 70: The Guayana region lacks a transpar
Page 71 and 72: The capacity for regeneration of co
Page 73 and 74: MiningWhat is the relative importan
Page 75 and 76: Venezuelan Gold and Diamond Product
Page 77 and 78: • Concession owners are required
Page 79 and 80: Foreign Mining Companies with Holdi
Page 81 and 82: By nature, mining is a speculative
Page 83 and 84: signs of contamination, 97 and anot
Page 85 and 86: SettlementsHow are settlement patte
Page 87: What is the impact of population ch
Page 91 and 92: CHAPTER 5ConclusionsGlobal Forest W
Page 93 and 94: Providing Better Information for In
Page 95 and 96: 18 Ministerio del Ambiente y de los
Page 97 and 98: 37 MARN, Boletín Estadístico Fore
Page 99 and 100: 62 R. Posada, “Algunos aspectos s
Page 101 and 102: 83 Government of Venezuela (GOV), D
Page 103 and 104: 103 Legislation does not define sta
Page 105 and 106: Methodology:• Data on the locatio
Page 107 and 108: • TREES from ATSR onboard the ERS
Page 109 and 110: Maps 4-6, Figures 2-4Venezuela’s
Page 111 and 112: • There are differences between t
Page 113 and 114: Wildlife Restricted to Forests of t
Page 115 and 116: Threatened Animals Used by Indigeno
Page 117 and 118: Chapter 4: Forest Development Trend
Page 119 and 120: Note: There are many inconsistencie
Page 121 and 122: Annual Cutting Plans (Executed)Area
Page 123 and 124: Management Area (ha) Contract Years
Page 125 and 126: Table Sources:• Concession manage
Page 127 and 128: Price of Gold, 1975-2000 (Figure 20
Page 129 and 130: Methodology (Figure 23, Table 11, M
Page 131 and 132: Change in Selected Indigenous Popul
Page 133 and 134: iar with forest issues in Venezuela
Page 135 and 136: Gydris Adrián Comisión Especial p
Page 137 and 138: Ortegano, O. “Nueva Política For
Page 139 and 140:
Chapter 3: Non-timber Forest Produc
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Dessene, P., and S. Strhal. “Situ
Page 143 and 144:
Hernández, L., P. Williams, R. Azu
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Ojasti, J. “Fauna silvestre del e
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Técnica Minera C.A. Inventario de
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Nepstad, D., et al. “Large-scale
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Government Industry Task Force on t
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All data presented in this report a
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GLOBAL FOREST WATCH (GFW)WORLD RESO
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