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18 Ministerio del Ambiente y de los Recursos Naturales (MARNR), BalanceAmbiental de Venezuela, Apéndice 1996 (Caracas, Venezuela: MARNR, 1996),p. 12-13. The estimates published for the remaining 10 states are not comparableto the 1982 forest cover estimates published for the additional states. S.Wunder, “Oil Wealth and the Fate of the Forest: Venezuela,” UnpublishedCIFOR Draft (Bogor, Indonesia: CIFOR, 2001), p. 7.19 Ministerio del Ambiente y de los Recursos Naturales Renovables (MARNR),Balance Ambiental de Venezuela, Apéndice 1996 (Caracas, Venezuela:MARNR, 1996), pp. 7, 11, 13.20 The government deforestation statistics do not take into account an additional10 states. However, these states are known to have high deforestation rates,making net reforestation unlikely. See J.P. Veillon, “Las deforestaciones en losLlanos Occidentales de Venezuela desde 1950 hasta 1975,” in Conservación delos Bosques Húmedos de Venezuela. L. Hamilton et al., eds. (Caracas,Venezuela: Sierra Club/Consejo de Bienestar Rural, 1977), p. 100-103; A.Catalán, El Proceso de Deforestación en Venezuela entre 1975-1988 (Caracas,Venezuela: MARNR, 1989), p. 19-22.21 C.S. Harcourt and J.A. Sayer, eds. The Conservation Atlas of Tropical Forests:The Americas (New York: IUCN, 1996), p. 315.22 J.P. Veillon, “Las Deforestaciones en Los Llanos Occidentales de VenezuelaDesde 1950 hasta 1975,” in Conservación de los Bosques Húmedos deVenezuela. L. Hamilton et al., eds. (Caracas, Venezuela: Sierra Club/Consejo deBienestar Rural, 1977), p. 101-103.23 A. Catalán, El Processo de Deforestación en Venezuela entre 1975-1988(Caracas, Venezuela: MARNR, 1989), p. 21.24 MARN, “Informe de la Situación Forestal de Venezuela,” Revista Seforven:Revista de la Dirección del Recurso Forestal No. 16 (October 2000), p. 8.25 A.O. Castillo, “Áreas Bajo Régimen de Administración Especial por Figura”(Documento Sujeto a Revisión). Dirección de Ordenación del Territorio.(Caracas, Venezuela: Dirección General Sectorial de Planificación yOrdenación del Ambiente, MARN, 2001); M. Bevilacqua, “Áreas Bajo Régimende Administración Especial,” in Biodiversidad en Venezuela. M. Aguilera etal., eds. (Caracas, Venezuela: CONICIT-Fundación Polar, in press).26 The percent of forests protected depends on whether one excludes the area ofoverlap between strictly protected areas. See Annex 1 for details.27 Potential conflicts of use may also occur in the case of overlap between protectedzones and forest reserves, if logging results in forest degradation.Although protected zones do not explicitly prohibit logging, forest degradationthat could accompany these activities (see Chapter 4, Question 5) would be inconflict with the objectives of a protected zone. For the sake of consistency, wehave not included this potential conflict in our analysis of overlapping protectedareas, nor is it included in Map 6.28 For a history of indigenous occupation of the Imataca Forest Reserve area, seeA. Mansutti Rodríguez et al., “Diagnóstico de los conflictos socio-ambientalesen Imataca: Líneas estratégicas de un programa para el resguardo y la consoli-75