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Mainstreaming occupational safety and health into university educationE u r o p e a n Ag e n c y f o r Sa f e t y a n d He a l t h a t Wo r kBackgroundThe teaching of safety issues has been largely dependent on the teacher’s owninterests and ability to teach these issues. It has also been assumed that university andpolytechnic institute students are unlikely to be directly affected by safety issues intheir future careers. However, the opposite actually is the case – after graduation theymay well work in posts that have health and safety responsibilities, or in posts wheretheir decisions could have health and safety consequences. Or they may come torun their own company. Therefore all future workers, not just those entering manualtrades, need adequate skills and knowledge on occupational safety issues.The development of safety proficiency requires skills and knowledge development,but there was no existing learning environment for occupational safety in Finland. Asurvey on OSH training in Finnish schools showed that teachers needed new learningmaterials (Salminen and Palukka, 2007). As no online resources for learning about OSHat this level existed, the Ministry of Education initiated the TYVE-project.Aims and objectivesThe aim of the TYVE project was to develop a computer-based learning environmentfor OSH. The target groups were universities, polytechnic institutes and Open Universitystudents. The target group of the learning environment was students with no priorknowledge about OSH. The material was to be made freely available over the Internet.Scope of the projectThe project developed the first open, Internet-based learning material for OSH inFinland. The learning material does not seek to provide a complete basic OSH course.The material is recommended for use in combination with one on one interactionbetween student and teacher or in a study group between students. Thus the TYVEmaterialis comparable to a textbook in traditional learning, but with new possibilitiesenabled by the computer-based environment.The TYVE programme includes 12 topics:1. Introduction2. Occupational instruction and guidance3. Occupational accidents4. Safety responsibilities5. Risk assessment6. Safety management7. Occupational safety legislation8. Overall safety9. Ergonomics10. Mental wellbeing11. Occupational hygiene12. Corporation safety.Learning objectives and work contractBefore starting the course students are recommended to set their learning objectiveswith the aim of becoming oriented with TYVE and so that their existing knowledgeis taken into account in their use of the learning materials. The introduction includespreliminary information and an initiation to the workplace. The students of the102
Mainstreaming occupational safety and health into university educationTechnical University of Tampere have to create a written work contract, which issometimes a novel concept for young students.Animated dialogue, theory and study workEach topic is divided into three parts: an animated dialogue, theory and brief studywork. Figure 1 shows an animated dialogue related to an occupational accident. Thegender roles were turned around in the animation: a female technology studentand a male sociology student are holding a discussion. The dialogue is connectedwith the everyday work life, for example the investigation of accidents and questionsrelated to the investigation. After the dialogue, a concise theory section of the topicin question is presented. Each topic concludes with a brief exercise.Another example of the lectures is safety responsibilities. The animated dialoguelinks the division of responsibilities at the workplace. The theory part includes theresponsibilities of each party according to Finnish legislation. In the exercise, studentslearn the tasks of the safety manager and the safety representative.E u r o p e a n Ag e n c y f o r Sa f e t y a n d He a l t h a t Wo r kTestingIn order to become acquainted with the lectures, students can test their knowledgewith a test consisting of nine questions. The questions for each test are randomlyselected from the question bank included in the programme. The questions cover alltopics.GlossaryThe TYVE- programme includes safety dictionary in which the most important termsare defined. This helps the students to correctly learn the fundamental definitions.LinksIn the learning environment there is also a short list of the most important linksreferring to occupational safety in Finland. These are, for example, safety authorities,the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health and the Occupational Health Centre.Some private consulting companies are also mentioned.Teachers’ instructionsDepending on the objectives of the course, it is recommended that the course isused in combination with some teacher-led instructions as well as exercises. The TYVEprogramme includes an instruction page for teachers. It includes a short introductionto the programme and information on how the material could be used and how itcould be linked to face-to-face discussions.Use on the safety engineering courseIn the Tampere University of Technology, the TYVE programme is used on a voluntarybasis by students of safety engineering during the basic course of safety and healthat work. In addition to working through the TYVE programme, extra tasks are given tothe students. There is also face-to-face interaction with the teacher and other students.The TYVE programme is an alternative to the traditional course with lectures.Available to allTYVE has been made freely available on the internet for anyone to access.103
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TE-WE-09-007-EN-CIn order to improv
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