Simulation of Third Generation CDMA Systems - Virginia Tech

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Research efforts have been underway for more than a decade to introduce multimediacapabilities into mobile communications. Different standard agencies and governing bodiesare trying to integrate a wide variety of proposals for third generation cellular systems. Thefollowing figure, adopted from [1], shows the evolution of third generation cellular systems:PDCARIB (WCDMA)TDDGPRSWCDMAMulticarrierMulticodeGSMUTRA (WCDMA)FDDEDGE136 HSAMPSIS-54ANSI-136UWC-136136+cdmaOnecdma2000IS-95BFigure 1.1: Evolution of 3GReferences [2] and [3] provide further discussion on the evolution of third generation cellularsystems.4
1.4. WCDMA: Air Interface for 3GOne of the most promising approaches to 3G is to combine a Wideband CDMA(WCDMA) air interface with the fixed network of GSM. Several proposal supportingWCDMA were submitted to the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) and itsInternational Mobile Telecommunications for the year 2000 (IMT2000) initiative for 3G.Among several organizations trying to merge their various WCDMA proposals are• Japan’s Association of Radio Industry and Business (ARIB)• Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions (ATIS)• T1P1• European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) through its SpecialMobile Group (SMG)All these schemes try to take advantage of the WCDMA radio techniques without ignoringthe numerous advantages of the already existing GSM networks. The standard that hasemerged is based on ETSI’s Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS) and iscommonly known as UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) [1]. The access scheme forUTRA is Direct Sequence Code Division Multiple Access (DS-CDMA). The information isspread over a band of approximately 5 MHz. This wide bandwidth has given rise to the nameWideband CDMA or WCDMA. There are two different modes namely• Frequency Division Duplex (FDD)• Time Division Duplex (TDD)Since different regions have different frequency allocation schemes, the capability to operatein either FDD or TDD mode allows for efficient utilization of the available spectrum. A briefdefinition of FDD and TDD modes is given next.5
Page 1 and 2: Simulation of Third Generation CDMA
Page 3 and 4: AcknowledgmentsI would like to expr
Page 5 and 6: 2.9.2. Transmit Diversity Schemes2.
Page 7 and 8: List of Tables1.1 3G Data Rate Requ
Page 9 and 10: 3.9 Implementation of Pulse shaping
Page 11 and 12: Chapter 1IntroductionThe goal for t
Page 13: 1.3 Third Generation Cellular Syste
Page 17 and 18: 1.4.2 WCDMA Key Technical Character
Page 19 and 20: Chapter 2WCDMA Physical LayerThis c
Page 21 and 22: Channelization Code(C D )cos(ω c t
Page 23 and 24: DataPilotTFCI FBI TPCT slot =2560 c
Page 25 and 26: 2.4 Uplink Spreading CodesThe sprea
Page 27 and 28: Figure 2.6: Auto-correlation for Tw
Page 29 and 30: The following block diagram shows t
Page 31 and 32: 0.180.160.140.12Probabilty Density0
Page 33 and 34: ar( 0) = 2vr( 0) + 1 (2.12)mod 4ar(
Page 35 and 36: 2.8 Channel CodingThe main purpose
Page 37 and 38: 2.9.2 Transmit Diversity SchemesTra
Page 39 and 40: These differences will become evide
Page 41 and 42: Dtoffset = 2 (3.15)cHere c is the v
Page 43 and 44: Each ray is split into two rays, on
Page 45 and 46: The pass-band of the pulse shaping
Page 47 and 48: The Rayleigh waveform is generated
Page 49 and 50: This expression can be used directl
Page 51 and 52: e -jϕ1FrameAlignmentResamplingDesc
Page 53 and 54: 3.2.7 BER CounterThe bit error rate
Page 55 and 56: (t)R i ’(t)R i (t)e -jϕ i C SC *
Page 57 and 58: IT+ τT + τi i i I iτ iτ iiiz =
Page 59 and 60: 3.3.2 MAI for DownlinkThe MAI in th
Page 61 and 62: menu is provided which gives the op
Page 63 and 64: up_sim.mpar_up.mat ovsf_gen.m scram
Page 65 and 66:
3.6 Code OptimizationThe simulator
Page 67 and 68:
Chapter 4Simulation ResultsThis cha
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10 0 E b/N 010 -1BER10 -210 -30 int
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10 0 Number of Interfererssf=32sf=1
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10 0 E b/N 00 interferer2 interfere
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10 -1 Number of InterferersBER10 -2
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constraint length. So for a constra
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Table 4.1: Performance Improvement
Page 81 and 82:
channel model based on measurement
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[7] Kevin Laird, Nick Whinnet, and
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VitaFakhrul Alam was born in Dhaka,
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Simulation of Third Generation CDMA Systems - Virginia Tech

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