Simulation of Third Generation CDMA Systems - Virginia Tech

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description of the generation of downlink scrambling code is given in [5]. Figure 2.12 showsthe generation of downlink scrambling codes:17 …..7 …..0C 1 or C 217 ... 10 ….. 7 5 …..0Figure 2.12: Generation of Downlink Scrambling Codes2.7 Summary of the WCDMA ModulationWe can summarize the discussion on the modulation applied to the dedicated physicalchannels in the following tableTable 2.2 Parameters of WCDMA ModulationSpreading ModulationData ModulationSpreadingScramblingFrame LengthChip RatePulse ShapingDual Channel QPSK for ULBalanced QPSK for DLBPSK for ULQPSK for DLOVSF codes.4-256 spreading factor for UL4-512 spreading factor for DLComplex Scrambling10 ms3.84 McpsRaised Cosine with 0.22 roll off24
2.8 Channel CodingThe main purpose of channel coding is to selectively introduce redundancy into thetransmitted data and improve the wireless link performance in the process [9]. Channel codescan be used to detect as well as correct errors. The WCDMA systems have provision for botherror detection and error correction. Channel coding scheme at the WCDMA system is acombination of error detection, error correction, along with rate matching, interleaving andtransport channels mapping onto/splitting from physical channels [10]. This section gives abrief description on the error detection and error correction schemes recommended for theWCDMA systems.2.8.1 Error DetectionError detection is provided by a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) code. The CRC is24,16,8 or 0 bits. The entire transmitted frame is used to compute the parity bits. Any of thefollowing cyclic generator polynomials can be used to construct the parity bits:24 23 6 5g ( D)= D + D + D + D + D+12416 12 5g ( D)= D + D + D + D+1168 7 4 3g ( D)= D + D + D + D + D+18(2.14)A detailed description of the error detection scheme is given in [10].2.8.2 Error CorrectionTwo alternative error correction schemes have been specified for the WCDMAsystem. They are• Convolutional Coding• Turbo Coding25
Page 1 and 2: Simulation of Third Generation CDMA
Page 3 and 4: AcknowledgmentsI would like to expr
Page 5 and 6: 2.9.2. Transmit Diversity Schemes2.
Page 7 and 8: List of Tables1.1 3G Data Rate Requ
Page 9 and 10: 3.9 Implementation of Pulse shaping
Page 11 and 12: Chapter 1IntroductionThe goal for t
Page 13 and 14: 1.3 Third Generation Cellular Syste
Page 15 and 16: 1.4. WCDMA: Air Interface for 3GOne
Page 17 and 18: 1.4.2 WCDMA Key Technical Character
Page 19 and 20: Chapter 2WCDMA Physical LayerThis c
Page 21 and 22: Channelization Code(C D )cos(ω c t
Page 23 and 24: DataPilotTFCI FBI TPCT slot =2560 c
Page 25 and 26: 2.4 Uplink Spreading CodesThe sprea
Page 27 and 28: Figure 2.6: Auto-correlation for Tw
Page 29 and 30: The following block diagram shows t
Page 31 and 32: 0.180.160.140.12Probabilty Density0
Page 33: ar( 0) = 2vr( 0) + 1 (2.12)mod 4ar(
Page 37 and 38: 2.9.2 Transmit Diversity SchemesTra
Page 39 and 40: These differences will become evide
Page 41 and 42: Dtoffset = 2 (3.15)cHere c is the v
Page 43 and 44: Each ray is split into two rays, on
Page 45 and 46: The pass-band of the pulse shaping
Page 47 and 48: The Rayleigh waveform is generated
Page 49 and 50: This expression can be used directl
Page 51 and 52: e -jϕ1FrameAlignmentResamplingDesc
Page 53 and 54: 3.2.7 BER CounterThe bit error rate
Page 55 and 56: (t)R i ’(t)R i (t)e -jϕ i C SC *
Page 57 and 58: IT+ τT + τi i i I iτ iτ iiiz =
Page 59 and 60: 3.3.2 MAI for DownlinkThe MAI in th
Page 61 and 62: menu is provided which gives the op
Page 63 and 64: up_sim.mpar_up.mat ovsf_gen.m scram
Page 65 and 66: 3.6 Code OptimizationThe simulator
Page 67 and 68: Chapter 4Simulation ResultsThis cha
Page 69 and 70: 10 0 E b/N 010 -1BER10 -210 -30 int
Page 71 and 72: 10 0 Number of Interfererssf=32sf=1
Page 73 and 74: 10 0 E b/N 00 interferer2 interfere
Page 75 and 76: 10 -1 Number of InterferersBER10 -2
Page 77 and 78: constraint length. So for a constra
Page 79 and 80: Table 4.1: Performance Improvement
Page 81 and 82: channel model based on measurement
Page 83 and 84: [7] Kevin Laird, Nick Whinnet, and
Page 85:
VitaFakhrul Alam was born in Dhaka,
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