Simulation of Third Generation CDMA Systems - Virginia Tech

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List of Figures1.1 Evolution of 3G2.1 Uplink Spreading and Modulation2.2 Downlink Spreading and Modulation2.3 Frame Structure for Uplink DPDCH/DPCCH2.4 Frame Structure for Downlink DPCH2.5 Code-tree for Generation of OVSF Codes2.6 Auto-correlation for Two OVSF Codes of SF=2562.7a pdf of Transition in the Signal Constellation with Proper Code Selection2.7b pdf of Transition in the Constellation for Arbitrary Code Selection2.8 Generation of Scrambling Codes2.9 Histogram of Cross-correlation of Long Scrambling Codes2.10 Uplink Short Scrambling Code Generator2.11 Initial Conditions at the Shift Registers2.12 Generation of Downlink Scrambling Codes3.1 Uplink Simulator3.2 Desired MS3.3 Equivalent Channel Model3.4a Frequency Response of the Vehicular A Outdoor Channel. (SimulationResolution is 5 Samples per Chip)3.4b Frequency Response of the Indoor Channel. (Simulation Resolution is 5Samples per Chip)3.5 Time Varying Channel3.6 Implementation of Delay of τ Samples3.7 Interpolation Noise in the Rayleigh Waveform. (The Factor of Interpolation isFive)3.8a Chip3.8b Noise Spectrum41112131415171717192121222429303334343536363838VIII
3.9 Implementation of Pulse shaping and Gaussian Noise3.10 Rake Receiver3.11 Descrambling3.12 Despreading3.13 Transmitter3.14 Transmission through Channel and Reception at the Rake Front End3.15 Descrambling at a Rake Branch3.16 Despreading at a Rake Branch3.17 Block Diagram of the Downlink Simulator3.18 Downlink Modulation3.19 Main Interface3.20 Interface for Uplink Simulator3.21 Final Menu for the Uplink Simulator3.22a Simulator Code Structure3.22b Simulator Code Structure Continued (Uplink Simulator)3.22c Simulator Code Structure Continued (Downlink Simulator)3.23 Profile of the Uplink Simulator4.1 BER vs E b /N 0 at the WCDMA Uplink for Indoor Channel.(The SpreadingFactor of the User is 32.The Number of Interferers Vary from 0 to 12)4.2 BER vs E b /N 0 at the WCDMA Uplink for Vehicular A Outdoor Channel. (TheSpreading Factor of the User is 32. The Number of Interferers Vary from 0 to12)4.3 BER vs Interferers at the WCDMA Uplink for Indoor Channel.(E b /N 0 is 12 dB)4.4 BER vs Interferers at the WCDMA Uplink for Vehicular A OutdoorChannel.(E b /N 0 is 12 dB)4.5 BER vs E b /N 0 at the WCDMA Downlink for Indoor Channel.(The SpreadingFactor of the User is 32. The Number of Interferers Vary from 0 to 12)4.6 BER vs E b /N 0 at the WCDMA Downlink for Vehicular A OutdoorChannel.(The Spreading Factor of the User is 32. The Number of InterferersVary from 0 to 12)3941424243444546484850505252535456585960616263IX
Page 1 and 2: Simulation of Third Generation CDMA
Page 3 and 4: AcknowledgmentsI would like to expr
Page 5 and 6: 2.9.2. Transmit Diversity Schemes2.
Page 7: List of Tables1.1 3G Data Rate Requ
Page 11 and 12: Chapter 1IntroductionThe goal for t
Page 13 and 14: 1.3 Third Generation Cellular Syste
Page 15 and 16: 1.4. WCDMA: Air Interface for 3GOne
Page 17 and 18: 1.4.2 WCDMA Key Technical Character
Page 19 and 20: Chapter 2WCDMA Physical LayerThis c
Page 21 and 22: Channelization Code(C D )cos(ω c t
Page 23 and 24: DataPilotTFCI FBI TPCT slot =2560 c
Page 25 and 26: 2.4 Uplink Spreading CodesThe sprea
Page 27 and 28: Figure 2.6: Auto-correlation for Tw
Page 29 and 30: The following block diagram shows t
Page 31 and 32: 0.180.160.140.12Probabilty Density0
Page 33 and 34: ar( 0) = 2vr( 0) + 1 (2.12)mod 4ar(
Page 35 and 36: 2.8 Channel CodingThe main purpose
Page 37 and 38: 2.9.2 Transmit Diversity SchemesTra
Page 39 and 40: These differences will become evide
Page 41 and 42: Dtoffset = 2 (3.15)cHere c is the v
Page 43 and 44: Each ray is split into two rays, on
Page 45 and 46: The pass-band of the pulse shaping
Page 47 and 48: The Rayleigh waveform is generated
Page 49 and 50: This expression can be used directl
Page 51 and 52: e -jϕ1FrameAlignmentResamplingDesc
Page 53 and 54: 3.2.7 BER CounterThe bit error rate
Page 55 and 56: (t)R i ’(t)R i (t)e -jϕ i C SC *
Page 57 and 58: IT+ τT + τi i i I iτ iτ iiiz =
Page 59 and 60:
3.3.2 MAI for DownlinkThe MAI in th
Page 61 and 62:
menu is provided which gives the op
Page 63 and 64:
up_sim.mpar_up.mat ovsf_gen.m scram
Page 65 and 66:
3.6 Code OptimizationThe simulator
Page 67 and 68:
Chapter 4Simulation ResultsThis cha
Page 69 and 70:
10 0 E b/N 010 -1BER10 -210 -30 int
Page 71 and 72:
10 0 Number of Interfererssf=32sf=1
Page 73 and 74:
10 0 E b/N 00 interferer2 interfere
Page 75 and 76:
10 -1 Number of InterferersBER10 -2
Page 77 and 78:
constraint length. So for a constra
Page 79 and 80:
Table 4.1: Performance Improvement
Page 81 and 82:
channel model based on measurement
Page 83 and 84:
[7] Kevin Laird, Nick Whinnet, and
Page 85:
VitaFakhrul Alam was born in Dhaka,
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Simulation of Third Generation CDMA Systems - Virginia Tech

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