MDG Report 2012 - United Nations in Bangladesh

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Indicator 2.2: Proportion of pupils starting grade 1 who reach last grade of primary (grade 5)Survival to the last grade of primary schooling (grade 5) has, however, not kept pace with theimpressive progress achieved so far in the case of net and gross enrolment rates. The primaryschool grade 5 survival rate in 2011 was 79.5 percent which indicates a modest increase from43 percent recorded in 1991. Since 2000, there has been a declining tendency of the primaryschool completion rate or in the growth of primary school grade 5 survival rates; the rate has,however, shown a positive trend after 2007. While large numbers of children certainly do failto complete the primary cycle in government schools, substantial numbers continue theireducation in non-formal or unregistered schools such as madrasas and under the non-formaleducation projects. Figure 3.2 shows the trend of primary school grade 1 to 5 survival rates.Figure 3.2: Proportion of Pupils Starting Grade 1 who Reach Grade 5, 1991-2011Source: Annual Census Report, DPE, Ministry of Primary and Mass EducationThe low primary completion rate or the high dropout rate at the primary level can be ascribedto several reasons. Household poverty leads to student absenteeism in general due to highopportunity costs of retaining children in the schools. Similarly, other hidden costs have beenidentified by several studies as major factors. The 2005 DPE baseline survey data estimate arate of absenteeism of 20 percent in three major categories of schools: government primaryschools, registered non government primary schools and community schools.Indicator 2.3: Literacy rate of 15-24 year-olds, women and menThe baseline data are not available on the literacy rate of 15-24 year olds in Bangladesh.Hence, literacy rate of 15+ year olds has been used as a proxy indicator to estimate thecurrent literacy status. However, from 2006, Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (BBS andUNICEF) started to calculate literacy rate of women aged 15-24 years. The literacy rate ofthose aged 15-24 is the percentage of persons aged 15 to 24 who show their ability to bothread and write by understanding a short simple statement on their everyday life. By askingwomen aged 15-24 to read a short simple statement, Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2009(BBS/UNICEF 2010) reports that the literacy rate of women aged 15-24 is 72.0 percent,40
which is slightly higher than the 69.9 percent recorded in Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey2006 (BBS/UNICEF 2007). However, the BDHS 2011 (NIPORT 2013) finds the literacy rateof 15-24 year olds in Bangladesh at 74.9 percent, being 81.9 percent for females and 67.8percent for males.Indicator 2.3a: Adult literacy rate of 15+ years old populationAccording to Sample Vital Registration System 2011 (BBS 2012) the adult male and femaleliteracy rates are 62.5 percent and 55.1 percent respectively, while the overall literacy rate is58.8 percent. On the other hand, Bangladesh Literacy Survey 2010 (BBS and UNESCO2011) estimates the adult literacy rate based on persons who can write a letter. For thepopulation over 15+ age groups, the survey finds the literacy rate to be 59.82 percent (male63.89 percent and female 55.71 percent).Figure 3.3: Trends of Adult Literacy of Population 15+, Women and MenSource: SVRS, BBSIt is evident from Figure 3.3 that adult literacy rates have increased by 58.1 percent over theperiod 1991-2011 implying an average growth rate of 2.9 percent per annum against therequired rate of 7.03 percent for achieving the target. If this trend continues, the adult literacyrate at the terminal year of MDGs will be about 74 percent, falling considerably short of thetargeted 100 percent. To achieve the target by the year 2015, the required average annualgrowth rate over the remaining years (2012-15) needs to be as high as 17.5 percent. However,the gender parity index for adult literacy has increased from 0.60 in 1991 to 0.71 in 2000 andfurther to 0.88 in 2011.3.3 Challenges to Achieving the TargetsMaking required progress in the survival rate to grade 5 poses a big challenge inachieving MDG 2. The trend growth rate for primary cycle survival at present isconsiderably below the warranted rate for achieving the 100 percent target. In thiscontext, high repetition and dropout rates pose serious challenges for acceleratingprogress in survival to the last grade. On average, 8.6 years of pupil inputs arerequired to produce a 5 year primary school graduate. Improvement in the learning41
Page 1 and 2: The Millennium Development GoalsBan
Page 3 and 4: Foreword„Millennium Development G
Page 5 and 6: MDG related progress reports/studie
Page 7 and 8: List of TablesPage No.Table 2.1: Co
Page 9: Figure 5.1: Trends of Under-Five Mo
Page 12 and 13: IUCN International Union for Conser
Page 14 and 15: Executive SummaryIt is encouraging
Page 16 and 17: drowning, have emerged as a conside
Page 18 and 19: Chapter 1IntroductionBuilding on th
Page 20 and 21: Target 6.C: Have halted by 2015 and
Page 22 and 23: Chapter 2Eradicate Extreme Poverty
Page 24 and 25: Indicator 1.1a: Proportion of popul
Page 26 and 27: In percentThe squared poverty gap,
Page 28 and 29: The information relating to growth
Page 30 and 31: Indicator 1.6: Proportion of employ
Page 32 and 33: There has been some improvement in
Page 34 and 35: Figure 2.14: Per Capita per Day Cal
Page 36 and 37: livelihood components such as healt
Page 38 and 39: Chapter 3Achieve Universal Primary
Page 42 and 43: environment and learning achievemen
Page 44 and 45: For mitigating the hurdles, importa
Page 46 and 47: 4.1 IntroductionBangladesh has alre
Page 48 and 49: double compared with what it was in
Page 50 and 51: Table 4.1: Participation of Labour
Page 52 and 53: to narrow the gap through intensive
Page 54 and 55: Chapter 5Reduce Child MortalityMDG
Page 56 and 57: the case of rural areas, the under-
Page 58 and 59: oth sexes. In the case of males, IM
Page 60 and 61: immunization campaigns, e.g., tetan
Page 62 and 63: MMR per 100,000 live births6.1 Intr
Page 64 and 65: %Figure 6.3: Trend of MMR of Bangla
Page 66 and 67: Survey 2011, on average, women have
Page 68 and 69: At risk of becoming pregnant, not u
Page 70 and 71: The life-cycle approach should be u
Page 72 and 73: Chapter 7Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria a
Page 74 and 75: Indicator 6.2: Condom use at last h
Page 76 and 77: Indicator 6.6b: Death rate associat
Page 78 and 79: Figure 7.1: DOTS Coverage and Treat
Page 80 and 81: The coverage of most at risk popula
Page 82 and 83: Chapter 8Ensure Environmental Susta
Page 84 and 85: Indicator 7.2: CO 2 emissions, tota
Page 86 and 87: Target 7.B: Reduce biodiversity los
Page 88 and 89: systems. Table 8.4 shows the progre
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Table 8.6: Percentage of Urban Popu
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Development and implementation of s
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Goal, targets and indicators (as re
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US$ MillionYearTable 9.1: Trends in
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Table 9.3: ODA Received from the OE
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No quantitative information on this
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Indicator 8.15: Cellular subscriber
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Stimulating South-South trade still
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information and strategy on various
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Chapter 10The Journey towards Post-
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intensity of growth, institutional
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Social protection as an instrument
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MDG framework should be on acknowle
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Annexure116
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Goals, targets and indicators (revi
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Goals, targets and indicators (revi
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Annex 2Some macroeconomic indicator
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Annex 3Some tables and figures rela
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Figure 3: Regional comparison of po
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Table 7: International comparison o
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Table 4: Adult literacy rate, 1991-
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Table 5: Proportion of female membe
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Table 3: Infant mortality rate (IMR
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Table 4: Vaccination coverage (meas
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6. Data related to MDG 6Table 1: In
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Table 2: International comparison o
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Annex 4POST 2015 DEVELOPMENT AGENDA
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21 January 2013 at the Planning Com
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support from the developed countrie
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TargetsIndicators1.4 Create opportu
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Targets3.4 Ensure sustainable suppl
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TargetsIndicatorsdiseases by typeGo
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Targets7.2 Reduce vulnerability of
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Goal 9: Promote sustainable product
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TargetsIndicators Percentage of non
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TargetsIndicators11.7 Strengthen pa
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MDG Report 2012 - United Nations in Bangladesh

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