MDG Report 2012 - United Nations in Bangladesh

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MMR per 100,000 live births6.1 IntroductionAccording to the Bangladesh Maternal Mortality Survey 2010 (NIPORT 2011), maternalmortality declined from 322 in 2001 to 194 in 2010, showing a 40 percent decline whichgives an average rate of decline of about 3.3 percent per year. The overall proportion of birthsattended by skilled health personnel increased by more than six-folds in the last two decades,from 5.0 percent in 1991 to 31.7 percent in 2011.6.2 Progress of achievements in different targets and indicatorsTarget 5.A: Reduce by three quarters, between 1990 and 2015, the maternal mortality ratioIndicator 5.1: Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births)The maternal mortality ratio (MMR) is a very important mortality index of mothers who areexposed to the risk of death during child birth. It is generally expressed as the ratio ofmaternal death in a period to live birth during the same period expressed per 100,000 livebirths. According to the first MDG Progress Report published in 2005, the MMR in 1990 was574 per 100,000 live births in Bangladesh. However, according to Bangladesh MaternalMortality Survey (BMMS) 2010 (NIPORT 2011), maternal mortality declined from 322 in2001 to 194 in 2010, a decline of about 40 percent. The average rate of decline was about 3.3percent per year, compared with the average annual rate of reduction of 3.0 percent requiredfor achieving the MDG in 2015. The BMMS 2001 and 2010 show that the overall mortalityrate among women in the reproductive age has consistently declined during this period.Cancers (21 percent), cardio-vascular diseases (16 percent) and maternal causes (14 percent)are responsible for more than half of all deaths among Bangladeshi women in thereproductive age.Figure 6.1: Trend of MMR in Bangladesh, 1990-2010Maternal Mortality Ratio of Bangladesh70060050040030057420010032219401990 2001 2010Source: BMMS 2001, 2010YearsThe decline in MMR has been mainly due to reductions in direct obstetric deaths. Mortalitydue to indirect obstetric causes have somewhat increased. Maternal mortality during62
pregnancy and during delivery has also declined by 50 percent. In contrast, the reduction inpost partum maternal deaths has been 34 percent. The BMMS 2010 data show thathaemorrhage and eclampsia are the dominant direct obstetric causes of deaths; together theywere responsible for more than half of the MMR.It should be mentioned that the Sample Vital Registration System (SVRS) of BBS foundrelatively higher MMR during 1990 to 2011 period. Although MMR came down to 315 per100,000 live births in 2001 from 478 in 1990, the ratio increased to 348 in 2005 and thengradually decreased; it stood at 209 in 2011. The reduction of MMR was observed both inrural and urban areas; from 502 and 425 in 1990 to 215 and 196 respectively in 2011.According to this set of data, MMR has declined by 56.3 percent at the national level; by 57.2percent in rural areas and by 53.9 percent in urban areas during the 1990-2011 period.Figure 6.2: Trend of MMR in Bangladesh, 1990-2011Source: SVRS, BBS, different yearsThe regional level variation of MMR is reported in the SVRS 2010. It is evident from SVRS2010 that nationally MMR in 2010 was the highest in Sylhet Division (285) and the lowest inRajshahi Division (182). In case of rural areas, MMR was the highest in Chittagong Division(276) and the lowest in Rajshahi Division (197). In case of urban areas, MMR was thehighest in Sylhet Division (429) and the lowest in Rajshahi Division (139).Maternal Mortality Ratio reported by the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics by conductingSample Census following successive Population Census is shown in Figure 6.3. The resultsof Population Census of 2011 reveal that MMR in 2011 was 218 per 100,000 live births ascompared with 340 in 2004 and 472 in 1991. The reduction in MMR is observed, as in thecase of SVRS, in both rural and urban areas; from 484 and 402 in 1991 to 244 and 105respectively in 2011.63
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The Millennium Development GoalsBan
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Foreword„Millennium Development G
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MDG related progress reports/studie
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List of TablesPage No.Table 2.1: Co
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Figure 5.1: Trends of Under-Five Mo
Page 12 and 13: IUCN International Union for Conser
Page 14 and 15: Executive SummaryIt is encouraging
Page 16 and 17: drowning, have emerged as a conside
Page 18 and 19: Chapter 1IntroductionBuilding on th
Page 20 and 21: Target 6.C: Have halted by 2015 and
Page 22 and 23: Chapter 2Eradicate Extreme Poverty
Page 24 and 25: Indicator 1.1a: Proportion of popul
Page 26 and 27: In percentThe squared poverty gap,
Page 28 and 29: The information relating to growth
Page 30 and 31: Indicator 1.6: Proportion of employ
Page 32 and 33: There has been some improvement in
Page 34 and 35: Figure 2.14: Per Capita per Day Cal
Page 36 and 37: livelihood components such as healt
Page 38 and 39: Chapter 3Achieve Universal Primary
Page 40 and 41: Indicator 2.2: Proportion of pupils
Page 42 and 43: environment and learning achievemen
Page 44 and 45: For mitigating the hurdles, importa
Page 46 and 47: 4.1 IntroductionBangladesh has alre
Page 48 and 49: double compared with what it was in
Page 50 and 51: Table 4.1: Participation of Labour
Page 52 and 53: to narrow the gap through intensive
Page 54 and 55: Chapter 5Reduce Child MortalityMDG
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Page 58 and 59: oth sexes. In the case of males, IM
Page 60 and 61: immunization campaigns, e.g., tetan
Page 64 and 65: %Figure 6.3: Trend of MMR of Bangla
Page 66 and 67: Survey 2011, on average, women have
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Page 70 and 71: The life-cycle approach should be u
Page 72 and 73: Chapter 7Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria a
Page 74 and 75: Indicator 6.2: Condom use at last h
Page 76 and 77: Indicator 6.6b: Death rate associat
Page 78 and 79: Figure 7.1: DOTS Coverage and Treat
Page 80 and 81: The coverage of most at risk popula
Page 82 and 83: Chapter 8Ensure Environmental Susta
Page 84 and 85: Indicator 7.2: CO 2 emissions, tota
Page 86 and 87: Target 7.B: Reduce biodiversity los
Page 88 and 89: systems. Table 8.4 shows the progre
Page 90 and 91: Table 8.6: Percentage of Urban Popu
Page 92 and 93: Development and implementation of s
Page 94 and 95: Goal, targets and indicators (as re
Page 96 and 97: US$ MillionYearTable 9.1: Trends in
Page 98 and 99: Table 9.3: ODA Received from the OE
Page 100 and 101: No quantitative information on this
Page 102 and 103: Indicator 8.15: Cellular subscriber
Page 104 and 105: Stimulating South-South trade still
Page 106 and 107: information and strategy on various
Page 108 and 109: Chapter 10The Journey towards Post-
Page 110 and 111: intensity of growth, institutional
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Social protection as an instrument
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MDG framework should be on acknowle
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Annexure116
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Goals, targets and indicators (revi
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Goals, targets and indicators (revi
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Annex 2Some macroeconomic indicator
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Annex 3Some tables and figures rela
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Figure 3: Regional comparison of po
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Table 7: International comparison o
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Table 4: Adult literacy rate, 1991-
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Table 5: Proportion of female membe
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Table 3: Infant mortality rate (IMR
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Table 4: Vaccination coverage (meas
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6. Data related to MDG 6Table 1: In
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Table 2: International comparison o
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Annex 4POST 2015 DEVELOPMENT AGENDA
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21 January 2013 at the Planning Com
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support from the developed countrie
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TargetsIndicators1.4 Create opportu
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Targets3.4 Ensure sustainable suppl
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TargetsIndicatorsdiseases by typeGo
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Targets7.2 Reduce vulnerability of
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Goal 9: Promote sustainable product
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TargetsIndicators Percentage of non
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TargetsIndicators11.7 Strengthen pa
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MDG Report 2012 - United Nations in Bangladesh

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