Regulation of Enzyme – Mediated Reactions, Multi-enzyme metabolicPathways, ATP, Cellular Energy Transfer, Carbohydrate, Fat, and ProteinMetabolism, Essential Nutrients.d. Genetic information and Protein Synthesis: Genetic Code, ProteinSynthesis, Protein, Degradation, Protein Secretion, Replication andExpression of Genetic Information, Cancer, Genetic Engineering.e. Movement of Molecules across Cell Membranes: Diffusion, Mediated –Transport Systems, Osmosis, Endocytosis and Exocytosis, EpithelialTransport.2. Biological Control Systema. Homeostatic Mechanisms and Cellular Communication: GeneralCharacteristics, Components of Homeostatic Control Systems,Intercellular Chemical Massagers, Processes Related to Homeostasis,Receptors, single Transduction Pathways.b. Neural Control Mechanisms: Structure and Maintenance of Neurons,Functional Classes of Neurons, Glial Cells, Neural Growth andRegeneration, Basic Principles of Electricity, The resting MembranePotential, Graded Potentials and Action Potentials, Functional Anatomy ofsynapses, Activation of the Postsynaptic Cell, Synaptic Effectiveness,Neurotransmitters and Neuromodulators, Neuroeffector communication,Central Nervous System: spinal Cord Central Nervous System: Brain,Peripheral Nervous System, Blood Supply, Blood-Brain BarrierPhenomena, and Cerebrospinal fluid.c. The Sensory Systems: Receptors, Neural Pathways in Sensory System,Association Cortex and Perceptual Processing, Primary Sensory Coding,somatic Sensation, Visio, Hearing, Vestibular System, Chemical Senses.d. Principles of Hormonal Control Systems: Hormone Structures andSynthesis, Hormone Transport in the Blood, Hormone Metabolism andExcretion, Mechanisms of Hormone Action, Inputs that control HormoneSecretion, control Systems Involving the Hypothalamus and Pituitary,candidate Hormones, type of Endocrine Disorders.e. Muscle: Structure, Molecular Mechanisms of Contraction, Mechanics ofSingle fiber Contraction, Skeletal Muscle Energy Metabolism, Types ofSkeletal Muscle Fibers, Whole Muscle Contraction, Structure, Contractionand its Control.f. Control of Body Movement: Motor Control Hierarchy, Local control ofMotor Neurons, The Brain Motor Centers and the Descending Pathwaysthey Control, Muscle Tone, Maintenance of Upright Posture and Balance,Walking.g. Consciousness and Behavior: State of consciousness, conscious104 | Pakistan Pharmacist Federation; www.pharmacistfed.pk,www.pharmafed.wordpress.com, www.pharmarev.com, info@pharmacistfed.pk,
Experiences, Motivation and Emotion, Altered State of Consciousness,Learning and Memory, Cerebral Dominance and language Conclusion.3. Coordinated body Functionsa. Circulation: Plasma, the Blood Cell, Pressure, flow, and resistance,Anatomy, Heartbeat coordination, Mechanical Events of the CardiacCycle, The Cardiac output, Measurement of Cardiac Function, Arteries,Arterioles, Capillaries, veins, The Lymphatic system, BaroreceptorReflexes, Blood Volume and Long term Regulation of Arterial Pressure,Other Cardiovascular Reflexes and Responses, Hemorrhage and OtherCauses of Hypotension, the Upright Posture, Exercise, Hypertension,Heart Failure, Coronary Artery Disease and Heart Attacks, Formation ofPlatelet Plug, Blood coagulation: Clot Formation, Anticlotting systems,Anticlotting Drugs.b. Respiration: Organization of the Respiratory System, Ventilation andLung Mechanics, Exchange of Gases in Alveoli and tissues, Transport ofOxygen in Blood, Transport of Carbon dioxide in Blood, Transport ofHydrogen ions between Tissues and Lungs, Control of Respiration,Hypoxia, Nonrespiratory Functions of the Lunge.c. The kidneys and Regulation of Water and Inorganic Ions: RenalFunctions, Structure of the Kidneys and Urinary System, Basic RenalProcess, The Concept of Renal Clearance Micturition, Total Body Balanceof sodium and Water Basic Renal Process for sodium and Water, RenalSodium Regulation, Renal Water regulation, A Summary Example: theresponse to Sweating, Thirst and Salt Appetite, Potassium Regulation,Effector Sites for Calcium Homeostasis, Hormonal controls, MetabolicBone Disease, Source of Hydrogen Ion Grain or Loss, Buffering oHydrogen Ions in the Body, Integration of Homeostatic Controls, RenalMechanisms, Classification of Acidosis and Alkalosis, Diuretics, KidneyDisease.d. The Digestion and Absorption of Food: Overview: Functions of theGastrointestinal Organs, Structure of the Gastrointestinal Tract Wall,Digestion and Absorption, Regulation of Gastrointestinal Processes,Pathophysiology of the Gastrointestinal Tract.e. Regulation of Organic Metabolism, Growth, and Energy Balance: Eventsof the Absorptive and Postabsorptive States, Endocrine and NeuralControl of the Absorptive and Postabsorptive States, Fuel Homeostasis inExercise and Stress Diabetes Mellitus, Hypoglycemia as a Cause ofSymptoms, Regulation of Plasma Cholesterol, Bone Growth,Environmental Factors, Influencing Growth, Hormonal Influences onGrowth, compensatory Growth, Basic Concepts of Energy Expenditure,105 | Pakistan Pharmacist Federation; www.pharmacistfed.pk,www.pharmafed.wordpress.com, www.pharmarev.com, info@pharmacistfed.pk,
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NATIONAL CURRICULUM REVISIONCOMMITT
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The aims and objectives of Doctor o
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14. To prepare pharmacy graduates f
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DETAILS OF COURSES ( SEMESTER SYSTE
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PHARM 311 PHARMACEUTICS-I (Physical
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9. Naser-ud-Din, Introduction to St
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Expression of Genetic Information,
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2. STRUCTURE OF CELL: Cell Membrane
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Communications SkillsObjectives: En
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Experiments to demonstrate some of
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1990.9. Naser-ud-Din, Introduction
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Hemorrhage and Other Causes of Hypo
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IS 402ISLAMIC STUDIESCr. Hr.: 01 Ma
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Publications New Delhi (1989)9) Dr.
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PHARM 413 PHARMACEUTICS-V (Pharmace
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e. Drug treatment of chronic inflam
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j. Labiatae Peppermint, Thyme, Spea
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SECOND SEMESTERPS 403PAKISTAN STUDI
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i. Drugs used for cough (Anti-tussi
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1. Drugs of Animal OriginGeneral in
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Frequency Table, Diagrams, Pictogra
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pharmaceutical students Churchill L
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anaesthetic drugs on human and the
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Delhi, 1986.4. Remington’s Pharma
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F I N A L P R O F E S S I O N A LPH
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3. Tyagi, Textbook of Synthetic Dru
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Horwood Publishing limited, West Su
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3. The Pharmacy Act 1967.4. The Poi
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RecommendationsAll members of NCRC