80 Robert T. SherwoodBanaglio, E. 1963. <strong>Apomixis</strong>. In P. MlIheshwari(ed.), Recent Advances in Ihe Embryology<strong>of</strong> Angiosperms. Delhi, Indio: Int. Soc. <strong>of</strong>Plant Morphologists, Univ. <strong>of</strong> Delhi. Pp.221-64.Bayer, RJ., K. Rilland, and B.G. Purdy. 1990.Evidence af portial apamixis in Anlennariamedia IAsteraceoe:lnuleoel detected by thesegregation <strong>of</strong> genetic markers). Arner. 1.801. 77: 107S-B1Bicknell, R. 1994. Hieraciunr. Amodel systemfor studying the molecular genetics afopomixis. <strong>Apomixis</strong> Newsletter 7: 8-10.Bicknell, R.A., and N.K. Bo~t. 1996. Isalatian <strong>of</strong>reduced genatypes <strong>of</strong> Hieracium pi/osellausing anather culture. P10nl Cell, Tissue andOrgan Culture 45: 37-41.Brown, W.V., and W.H.P. Emery. 1958. <strong>Apomixis</strong>in the Gramineae: Panicaideae. Arner. J.801.45: 253--63.Burson, B.L 1985. Cytalogy <strong>of</strong> Paspolumchacoence and P. durifolium and theirrelationship ta P. dilalalum. Bal. Gal. 146:124-29.--.1992. Cytalogy and reproductivebehaviar <strong>of</strong> hybrids between Paspolumurvillei and two hexaploid P. dilalalumbiotypes. Genome 35: ]002~6.Burton, G.w. 1992. Manipulating apomixis inPaspa/um. In J.H.E1gin and lP. Miksche(eds.), Proc. <strong>Apomixis</strong> Workshop, February11-12,1992, Atlanta, GA. USDA, ARS.ARS-] 04. Pp.I6-19.Burton, G.w., and I. Farbes. 1960. The geneticsand manipulatian <strong>of</strong> obligate apamixis incomman Bahia grass (Paspolum nolalumAuggel. PrOf. 8th Inl. Grassl. Congr.Pp.66-71.Burton, G.w., and W.W. Hanna. 1986. Bahiagrass (Paspalum notalum) tetra plaidsproduced by making (apamictic tetraploidxdiploid) xdiploid hybrids. Crop xi. 26:1254-56.--.1992. Using apomictic tetraploids tomake aself-incompatible diploid PensocalaBahiagrass dane set seed. 1. Hered. 83:30~6.Carman, l 1997. Asynchranous expression afduplicote genes in angiosperms may couseapomixis, bispary, tetraspory, andpolyembryony. Bioi. 1. <strong>of</strong> Ihe Unn. Soc. 61:51-94.Carman, lG., c.F. Crane, and O. Riera-lizarazu.1991. Comparative histology <strong>of</strong> cell wallsduring meotic and apomeioticmegasporogenesis in twa hexapklid.Australian Bymus species. Crop 5ci. 31:1527-32.Christ<strong>of</strong>f, M. 1942. Die genetische grundlage derapomiktischen Fortpflanzung bei Hierociumauranliacum Zeitschrih fur IndudiveAbstammungs-und Vererbungslehre 80:101Combes, D. 1975. Po~morphisme et modes dereproduction dons la section des Maximaedu genre Ponicum (Gramineesl en Afrique.Memaires ORSTOM 77: 1-99.Crane, CF. 1978. <strong>Apomixis</strong> and crassinginrompatibilities in some Zephyronlhaceoe.Ph.D. thesis, Univ. <strong>of</strong> Texos, Austin, Texas.--.1992. Arationale for theinvestigation <strong>of</strong> certain wild apomicts. InElgin, lH., and lP. Miksche (eds.) Proc.<strong>Apomixis</strong> Workshop, February 11-2, 1992,Atlanta, Georgia. USDA, ARS. ARS-l 04. Pp.5S-61.Crane, CJ., and lG. Carman. 1987. Mechanisms<strong>of</strong> apomixis in Elymlis rectisetus fromeastern Australia and New Zealand. Amer.1. 80t. 74: 477-96.Cruz, R., lW. Miles, W. Roca, and H. Ramirez.1989. <strong>Apomixis</strong> and sexuality in Brochiorio.I. Biochemical studies. Cuban 1. Agric. Sci.23: 317-21.den Nijs, A.P.M. 1990. Experimenting withapomixis and sexuality in Poa prolensis.<strong>Apomixis</strong> Newsletter 2: 52-54.den Nijs, A.P.M. and G.E. van Dijk 1991<strong>Apomixis</strong>.. In M.D. Hayward, N.O.Basemark, and I. Romagasa (eds.), P10nlBreeding: Principles and Prospedl. landan:Chapman and Hall. Pp. 229-45de Wet, lMJ., and JR. Harlan. 1970. <strong>Apomixis</strong>,po~plaidy, and speciation in Dichonlhium.Evolution 24: 270-77.Dujardin, M., and W.W. Hanna. 1989.Developing apomictic peorl milletcharacterization<strong>of</strong> a B~ plant. J. Genel.Breed. 43: 145-51.fISher, W.O., E.c. Bashaw, and E.C. Holt. 1954.Evidence for apamixis in Penniselum ciliareand Cenchrus seligerus. Agron. J. 46: 40104. GGadella,IWJ. 1987. Sexual tetra plaid andapomictic pentaploid populatians <strong>of</strong>Hieracium pi/Ofelia (Compositae). PI. Syst.Evol. 157: 219-46.Gerstel, D.U., B.l. Hammond, and C. KiM 1953.An additional note on the inheritance alapomixis in guayule. Bal. Gal. 1J5: 8993.Gerstel. D.U., and W. Mishanec. 1950. On theinherirance af apomixis in P<strong>of</strong>1heniumargenlolum. Bol. Gal. 112: %-106.Gaunaris, E.K., R.T. Sherwood, I. Gounaris, R.H.Hamiltan, and D.l. Gustine. 1991.Inorganic salts modify embrya socdevelapment in sexual and aposporausCenchrus ci/iaris. Sex. Plant ReprorJ. 4:18S-92.Grimanelli, D., a.leblanc, D. Gonzalez deleon,and Y. Savidan. 1995. Mapping apomixisin tetraploid Tripsocum, preliminary results.<strong>Apomixis</strong> Newsletter B: 37-39.Gustafssan, A. 1946-1947. <strong>Apomixis</strong> in higherplants. I. The mechanism <strong>of</strong> apomixis.lands Univ., Msskr. NJ. Mv. 242(3):166. II. The causal aspect af apomixis. Mv.243(2):69-182. III. Biotype and speciesformation. Mv. 243(12): 183-370.Gustine, D.L, R.T. Sherwood, and D.R. Huff.1997. Apaspory-linked molecular markersin buffelgrass. Crop Sci 37: 947-51.Gustine, D.L, R.T. Sherwood, Y. Gounaris, andD.R. Huff. 1996. Isozyme, protein, andRAPD markers within ahalf-sib lami~ <strong>of</strong>buffelgrass segregating far apo
G...H, Analy.i. <strong>of</strong> Apamlxl. 81Huff, R.D., and 1M. Bera. 1991 Determininggenetic origins <strong>of</strong> aberrant progeny fromfacultative apomictic Kentucky bluegrassusing acombination <strong>of</strong> flow cytometry andsilver-stained RAPD markers. Theor. Appl.Genet. 87: 201~B.Jassem, B. 1990. <strong>Apomixis</strong> in the genus Beta.<strong>Apomixis</strong> Newsletter 2: 7-21Jefferson, R.A. 1991 Strategic development <strong>of</strong>apomixis as a general tool for agriculture..In KJ. Wilson led.), Prae.lnternationolWorkshop on <strong>Apomixis</strong> in Rice, Jan. 1315, 1992, Changsha, China. Canberra,Australia: CAMBIA. pp. 206-17.Knox, R.B. 1967. <strong>Apomixis</strong>: seasonal andpopulation differences in a gras~. Science157: 325-26.Koltunow, A.M., R.A. Bicknell, and A.M.Choudhury. 1995. Apomixi~: molecularstrategies for the generation <strong>of</strong> genetical~identical seed~ withoul fertilization. PlontPhysiol. lOB: 1345-52.Kojima, A., and T. Kawaguchi. 1989. Apomicticnature <strong>of</strong> Chinese chive (Allium tuberosumRollI.) detected by unpollinated ovuleculture. lapJ.Breeding 39: 449-56.Kojima, A., Y. Nagato, and K. Hinala. 1991.Degree <strong>of</strong> apomixis in Chinese chive(Allium tuberasum) estimated by esteraseisozyme ana~i~. lop. 1. Breeding 41: 73B4.leblanc, 0., M. Dueiias, M. Hernandez, S. Bello,V. Garcia, 1 Berthoud, and Y. Savidan.19950. Chromosome doubling inTripsacum: the production <strong>of</strong> artifidal,sexual tetraploid plants. Plont Breeding114: 226-30.leblanc, 0., D. Grimonelli, D. Gonzalez de lean,ond Y. Savidan. 1995b. Detection <strong>of</strong> theapomictic mode <strong>of</strong> reproduction in maizeTripsocum hybrids using maize RFlPmarkers. Theor. Appl. Genel. 90: 11981201leblanc, 0., M.D. Peel, 1G. Carman, and Y.Savidan. 1995e. Megasporogenesis andmegagamelogenesis in several Tripsocumspecies (Poaceael. Amer. 1. Bot. B2: 5761Liljefors, A. 1955. Cytological studies in Sorbus.Ada Holti Bergianil7: 46-113.lubbers, E.L, l. Arthur, w.w. Hanna, and P.Ozias-Akins. 1994. Molecular markersshared by diverse apomictic Pennisetumspecies. Thear. Appl. Genet. 89: 636-42.Marshall, D.R., and R.w. Downes. 1977. Atestfor obligate apomixis in grain sorghumR471 Euphytica26: 661-64.Matzk, F. 19B9. <strong>Genetic</strong> studies onparthenogenesis in Poo pro/ensis L<strong>Apomixis</strong> Newsletter 1: 32-34.--.1991 a. Anovel approoch 10differentiated embryos in the absence <strong>of</strong>endosperm. Sex. Plant Reprod. 4: B8-94.---. 1991 b. New efforts 10 overcomeapomixis in Poa pratensis L Euphytica 55:65-72.Mazzucato, A. 1996. Which genets) are welooking for? <strong>Apomixis</strong> Newslefter 9: 7.Mazzucato, A., G. Beracda, M. Pezzotti, and M.Falcinelli. 1995. Biochemical and molewlarmarkers for investigating the mode <strong>of</strong>reproduction in the facultative apomict Poapratensis LSex. Plant Reprod. B: 133-38.Mazzucato, A., A.P.M. den Nij~, and M. Falcinelli1996. Eslimation <strong>of</strong> parthenogensisfrequency in Kentucky bluegrass withauxin·induced parthenocarpic seeds. ClopSci. 36: 9-16.Mazzucato, A., M. Wagenvoort, and A.P.M. denNijs 1994. Flow cytometric ana~ses toestimate the mode <strong>of</strong> reproduction in Poaprotensis L<strong>Apomixis</strong> Newslefter 7: 22-24.Miles, T.W., and C.B. do Valle. 1991. Assessment<strong>of</strong> reproductive behavior <strong>of</strong> interspecificBrachiaria hybrids. <strong>Apomixis</strong> Newslefter 3:9-10.Mogie, M. 1988. Amodel for the evolution andcantrol <strong>of</strong> generative apomixis. Bioi. 1.linn. Soc. 35: 127-51Nakajima, K., and N. Mochizuki. 1983. Degrees<strong>of</strong> sexuality in sexual plants <strong>of</strong> guineagrass by the simplified embryo socana~is. lap. l. Breeding 33: 45-54.Naumova, T., A.P.M. den Nij~, nnd M.T.M.Willemse. 1993. Quantitative anal~is <strong>of</strong>aposporous parthenogenesis in Poapratensis genotypes. Ada Bot. Neer/ond.42: 299-312.Nogler, G.A. 19840. Gametophytic apomixis.. InB.M. Jahri led.), Embryology <strong>of</strong>Angiosperms. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.Pp.475-51 B.---. 19B4b. <strong>Genetic</strong>s <strong>of</strong> apospory inapomictic Ranuncu/us auricamus: V.Conclusion. Bot. Helvetica 94: 41 1-22.--.1989.Cytogenetics <strong>of</strong>parthenogensis -/irst results onRanunculus auricomus. <strong>Apomixis</strong>Newsletter 1:44-47.--.1990 Simplified methods forembryologicol studies. <strong>Apomixis</strong> Newslefter2: 56-58.---. 1995. <strong>Genetic</strong>s <strong>of</strong> apomixis inRanuncu/us auricomus. VI. Epilogue. Bot.Helvetica 105: 111-15.Noirot, M. 1993. Allelic ratios and sterility in theagamic complex <strong>of</strong> the MaximaeIPanicoideae): evolutionory role <strong>of</strong> theresidual sexuality. 1. Evol. Bioi. 6: 95-101.Ozias-Akins, P., E.L lubbe~, W.W. Hanna, and1W. McNay. 1991 Transmission <strong>of</strong> theapomictic mode <strong>of</strong> reproduction inPennisetum: co-inheritance <strong>of</strong> the trait andmolecular markers. Theor. Appl. Genel. 85:632-38.Peacock, WJ. 1993. <strong>Genetic</strong> engineering andmulagenesis for apomixis in rice. In KJ.Wilson led.), Pro
- Page 2 and 3:
(over illustration:Pictured is an i
- Page 4 and 5:
Institut de Recherche pour Ie Devel
- Page 6 and 7:
iv33 Outlook33 References35 Appendi
- Page 8 and 9:
vi131 Screening Procedures: Advanta
- Page 10 and 11:
VIIITables4 Table 1.15 Table 1.29 T
- Page 12 and 13:
xAcknowledgmentsWe are grateful to
- Page 14 and 15:
xiifood crops such as maize, wheat,
- Page 16 and 17:
2 Gary H. T....i.....much food as i
- Page 18 and 19:
4 Gary H. Toe"'...breeding: the evo
- Page 20 and 21:
6 Gary H. T....it....The potential
- Page 22 and 23:
Chapter 2Apomixis and the Managemen
- Page 24 and 25:
10M.. Be,th.dcategories n + nand 2n
- Page 26 and 27:
12 J.&eo BertIoaodtwo tetraploid sp
- Page 28 and 29:
14 JoG.. B.rth""dTable 2.8 Distribu
- Page 30 and 31:
16 M......thodhexaploidy through 2n
- Page 32 and 33:
18 JI&.. lertIoaodheterozygous cond
- Page 34 and 35:
20 JM Iertltaodmarkers to retain th
- Page 36 and 37:
22 JoA•• BerthudFurthermore, if
- Page 38 and 39:
Chapter 3Classification of Apomicti
- Page 40 and 41:
26 (llarIesf.(r••3) The Ixeris-
- Page 42 and 43:
simultaneous division of the proxim
- Page 44 and 45: 30 (\aries f. Crao.differentiating
- Page 46 and 47: 32 CWIts F. C,..haploids from norma
- Page 48 and 49: 34 cales F. (,...Campbell, C. S., C
- Page 50 and 51: 36 GaOO F. er...media. There may al
- Page 52 and 53: 38 (IIarIe,F.e-.The following recip
- Page 54 and 55: 40 CWIes F.
- Page 56 and 57: 42 C"Ie
- Page 58 and 59: Chapter 4Ultrastructural Analysis o
- Page 60 and 61: 46 T.""". N. Naomo•• ..dJ...·P
- Page 62 and 63: (Figure 4.2a,b,c). Their cytoplasm
- Page 64 and 65: 50 Tomaro N. Naurnovo ond Jeon-Phil
- Page 66 and 67: Figure 4.2 (cont'd)
- Page 68 and 69: 54 Tamara N. Nauma.a and J...-Phaip
- Page 70 and 71: 56 Tamara H. Haumaya ...d J...-Phmp
- Page 72 and 73: 58 Tamara N. N....... Old JOGO-PUIp
- Page 74 and 75: 60 T.mar. N. N••may•••dJ
- Page 76 and 77: 62 Tamara N. Nouma.o and Jeon-Phmpp
- Page 78 and 79: Chapter 5Genetic Analysis of Apomix
- Page 80 and 81: 66 Robe" T. SherwoodIn mitotic dipl
- Page 82 and 83: 68 ••It T. Sllorwoodmegasporoge
- Page 84 and 85: 70 Robert T. SherwoodIdentification
- Page 86 and 87: 72 R....11 T. SlMrwoodwe postulate
- Page 88 and 89: 74 Rob.rt T. Sherwoodin the gametop
- Page 90 and 91: 76 Rokrt T. SHtwoodPerhaps the most
- Page 92 and 93: 78 Robe" T. S~erwoodEnvironment pla
- Page 96 and 97: 82 Robe" 1. Sherwood---. 1989. Apom
- Page 98 and 99: 84 Dcaitl ~11i-, lot To...., .od Di
- Page 100 and 101: 86 Do.lel Griome/I-, Joe To~ ....,
- Page 102 and 103: 88 Oaoitl G
- Page 104 and 105: 90 o.lel ~II-, Jo. lob.., aod Diego
- Page 106 and 107: and meiotic or developmental mutant
- Page 108 and 109: 94 D..iel Grimallelli-, Jo. Tohme,
- Page 110 and 111: 96 10k. G.(o,.,..mechanisms (Figure
- Page 112 and 113: 98 Jolo.G.(_explain the existence o
- Page 114 and 115: 100 JolI.G.C....parameters affectin
- Page 116 and 117: 102 1010. G.(arma.was developed in
- Page 118 and 119: 104 J... G.(.....effects), which co
- Page 120 and 121: 106 J.hG.eforseveral thousand to a
- Page 122 and 123: 108 Jelo.G.(_large linkage group in
- Page 124 and 125: 11 0 Joh. G.(orma.---. 1997. Asynch
- Page 126 and 127: 112 a... A. 8icUeI1993). Before the
- Page 128 and 129: 114 ROil A. 8idlooll(Sherwood et al
- Page 130 and 131: 116 R... A. IkbeIlinduced mutation
- Page 132 and 133: 118 Ron A. Mlltllstudies of apomixi
- Page 134 and 135: 120 I... A. BkbollLeblanc, 0., M.D.
- Page 136 and 137: 122 Olivier L.bla.,.ncI A.d,ea M.nu
- Page 138 and 139: 124 Olivier lt~1ao< aod Aock.. Mau"
- Page 140 and 141: 126 OIlrier Ltblaooc ood AocI...Mo,
- Page 142 and 143: 128 or..Ie, leblal( allll Aodrea Ma
- Page 144 and 145:
130 Ofjyier LH......AodrH Mom","Mar
- Page 146 and 147:
132 Olivier leblaoc and Aldr.. Mall
- Page 148 and 149:
134 OIivie' I
- Page 150 and 151:
136 or..io. u.~100< awd Aod.... M.n
- Page 152 and 153:
138 udda lorge. do Val. aod Joh W.
- Page 154 and 155:
140 Ca
- Page 156 and 157:
142 C«ida Jorge. do Va" aod Jah W.
- Page 158 and 159:
144 (..iIda 80rges cit Va" DOd Ja~.
- Page 160 and 161:
146 Cacido ....... Vole..J.b W. MIe
- Page 162 and 163:
148 Ca
- Page 164 and 165:
150 (adlda Borge. da VaNe and Joh.
- Page 166 and 167:
152 Ccdda Borge. do v..... J.h W. M
- Page 168 and 169:
154 Yve< 5
- Page 170 and 171:
156 rn. s.mdaosearch for an opitimu
- Page 172 and 173:
158 Yv•• Savid..unreduced polar
- Page 174 and 175:
160 Yves SoviclaoBashawet al. (1970
- Page 176 and 177:
162 hOI Scrvidao211 = 56 chromosome
- Page 178 and 179:
164 r.., SaYid..Transfer of Gene(s)
- Page 180 and 181:
166 rves Sqyldaounanswered. However
- Page 182 and 183:
Chapter 12From Sexuality to Apomixi
- Page 184 and 185:
170 lie. Gros..iklalSgametes and em
- Page 186 and 187:
172 Uti Gro....1aosGunning 1990). T
- Page 188 and 189:
174 UeIGr.........embryogenesis, wh
- Page 190 and 191:
176 U.IGm..lln.apomictic pathway wi
- Page 192 and 193:
178 IJeIGr.........development with
- Page 194 and 195:
180 Ud Gr....lIoo,(Rhoades and Demp
- Page 196 and 197:
182 Ue5Gro........Meiosis is an alm
- Page 198 and 199:
184 Uel Gn...lIDo,To date, the phen
- Page 200 and 201:
186 Uei Gr....lIa..do not display p
- Page 202 and 203:
188 UtI GrOSllilaot.development of
- Page 204 and 205:
190 Ud e;,....1Ia..Arabidopsis, unp
- Page 206 and 207:
192 Ueli Gro".llae,system to identi
- Page 208 and 209:
194 UeI Gm..ikIonsystem developed b
- Page 210 and 211:
196 Ud Gro...ild...concentrate our
- Page 212 and 213:
198 lleIG
- Page 214 and 215:
200 UtlG09".ila,ndescribed that are
- Page 216 and 217:
202 UeIGfo...ll...Two additional po
- Page 218 and 219:
204 Uel G.....ilcmDiboll, A.G., and
- Page 220 and 221:
206 UeRG'....ild...--.1974. Reprodu
- Page 222 and 223:
208 Uel GtO,,"ikIa..MIodzik, M., Y.
- Page 224 and 225:
21 0 Ud Gromild.1S--.1982. Nature e
- Page 226 and 227:
Chapter 13Induction of Apomixis inS
- Page 228 and 229:
214 Uta Praebll aod Rod ScottCrosse
- Page 230 and 231:
216 Uta Praektlt.. Rod Scana minori
- Page 232 and 233:
21 8 Uta P...ke~ .d Rod S
- Page 234 and 235:
220 Ura P"",k.h .d Rod ScottStubby
- Page 236 and 237:
222 Uta Praekelt Old Rod S,ollelong
- Page 238 and 239:
224 Uta P...kek .d Rad Scaliresulti
- Page 240 and 241:
226 Uta P,..kelt ..dRod S
- Page 242 and 243:
228 Uta P..utt aod Rod 5
- Page 244 and 245:
230 1\omas Dresselhaus, Joh. G. (IJ
- Page 246 and 247:
progression or inhibition of develo
- Page 248 and 249:
234 T1lo.... Dr......... Jo~. G. (.
- Page 250 and 251:
236 TIoo.... D........., J.~. G. (a
- Page 252 and 253:
238 T1tonoas Dr......... Joino G. '
- Page 254 and 255:
240 no- P,ossdlaos, Jo. G.'-.... Y.
- Page 256 and 257:
242 1110""" 0,........, M. G. c,.._
Change language