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166Comunicar, 39, XX, 2012contributions made by Sloep & Berlanga (2011), whopropose the creation of learning networks beyond theuniversities’ borders.5) The results of this study bring together teachinginnovation intended for universities with e-learning asagent for educational change. The use of interviewsvia videoconference is the most significant innovationin our study, although it could be improved as anassessment method since it still generates insecuritieswhen used as an assessment tool. However, the experienceis considered highly positive and, although wemust continue to sharpen the technique, it seems weare on the right track. As suggested by Blázquez (2004)we must use these technologies to innovate and not torepeat ineffective traditional models, misusing synchronousresources (such as videoconference) at theexpense of asynchronous resources (website, e-mail,discussion forums, etc.).6) The formative assessment model tested providesregulated university activities for students who areunable to attend face-to-face final exams due to reasonsof distance, which points to a huge potential educationalmarket for our universities, especially in LatinAmerican countries.7) As noted by Solectic (2000), the specificity ofthe teaching materials demands a series of activitiesthat help students put their resources, strategies andskills into practice, and which encourage them to participatein the knowledge-building process. This, fromthe beginning, was the purpose of the individual activitiesand, as we have established, the students havealso understood individual activities in the same way,since they receive the highest rating as a continuousassessment standard.8) In general, the implementation of this onlineassessment method has been positive, especially whenfocusing on continuous assessment throughout theactivities, projects and interviews (via videoconfe -rence), together with a tutorial model that ensures thesupervision of the student’s learning progress, en -hanced by a manageable ratio of five students pertutor. In turn, this is reinforced by the distinctiveness ofthe pilot scheme in which the teachers were selectedfor their desire to participate and motivation.9) There is always scope for improvement, withminor changes concerning the flexibility of the assessmentactivities and the singular valuation of collaborativeactivities, which have to go beyond simple task distribution.An increase in the number of interviewsshould also be encouraged, which in turn will give teachersgreater confidence when dealing with Synchro -nous Virtual Classroom technology.10) We conclude by pointing out that, based onqualitative transfer criteria, we encourage the teachingcommunity to build similar scenarios to implement formativee-assessment processes and to follow the principlespresented in the study.ReferencesALONSO, L. & BLÁZQUEZ, F. (2009). Are the Functions of Teachersin E-learning and Face-to-Face Learning Environments ReallyDifferent? Educational Technology & Society, 12(4), 331-343.BLÁZQUEZ, F. (2004). Nuevas tecnologías y cambio educativo. In F.SALVADOR, J.L. RODRÍGUEZ & A. BOLÍVAR (Eds.), Diccionario En -ciclopédico de Didáctica (pp.345-353). Málaga: Aljibe.BLÁZQUEZ, F. & ALONSO, L. (2006). Aportaciones para la evaluaciónon-line. Tarraconensis, Edició Especial, 207-228.BIRNBAUM, B.W. (2001). Foundations and Practices in the Use ofDistance Education. Lewiston, NY: Mellen Press.CABERO, J. & PRENDES, M.P. (2009). La videoconferencia.Aplicaciones a los ámbitos educativo y empresarial. Sevilla: MAD.CUBO, S., ALONSO, L., ARIAS, J., GUTIÉRREZ, P., REIS, A. & YUSTE,R. (2009). Modelización didáctica-pedagógica, metodológica y tecnológicade las aulas virtuales: implantación en la Universidad deExtremadura. In J. VALVERDE (Ed.), Buenas prácticas educativascon TIC. Cáceres: SPUEX.FORSTER, M. & WASHINGTON, E. (2000). A Model for Developingand Managing Distance Education Programs Using Interactive VideoTechnology. Journal of Social Work Education, 36(1), 147-59.GIKANDI, J.W., MORROW, D. & DAVIS, N.E. (2011). OnlineFormative Assessment in Higher Education: A Review of the literature.Computers & Education 57, 2.333-2.351.MEHROTRA, C.M., HOLLISTER, C.D. & MCGAHEY, L. (2001).Distance Learning: Principles for Effective Design, Delivery andEvaluation. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.MOORE, M., LOCKEE, B. & BURTON, J. (2002). Measuring Success:Evaluation Strategies for Distance Education. Educause Quarterly,25(1), 20-26.OOSTERHOFF, A., CONRAD, R.M. & ELY, D.P. (2008). AssessingLearners Online. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.PEÑALOSA, E. (2010). Evaluación de los aprendizajes y estudio de lainteractividad en entornos en línea: un modelo para la investigación.RIED, 13 (1), 17-38.POTTS, M.K. & HAGAN, C.B. (2000). Going the Distance: UsingSystems Theory to Design, Implement, and Evaluate a Distance Edu -cation Program. Journal of Social Work Education, 36(1), 131-145ROCKWELL, K., FURGASON, J. & MARX, D.B. (2000). Research andEvaluation Needs for Distance Education: A Delphi Study. OnlineJournal of Distance Learning Administration, III.RODRÍGUEZ, G. & IBARRA, M.S. (2011). e-Evaluación orientada ale-aprendizaje estratégico en educación superior. Madrid: Narcea.RODRÍGUEZ, G., GIL, J. & GARCÍA, E. (1999). Metodología de lainvestigación cualitativa. Málaga: Aljibe.SANCHO, J. (2011). Entrevista a Juana María Sancho Gil. En Edu -cación y Tecnologías. Las voces de los expertos. Buenos Aires: An -ses.SERRANO, J. & CEBRIÁN, M. (2011). Study of the Impact on StudentLearning Using the eRubric Tool and Peer Assessment. In VARIOS:Education in a Technological World: Communicating Current andEmerging Research and technological efforts. EDIT. FormatexResearch Center (In press).SLOEP, P. & BERLANGA, A. (2011). Redes de aprendizaje, aprendi-© ISSN: 1134-3478 • e-ISSN: 1988-3293• Pages 159-167
167zaje en red. Comunicar, 37, XIX, 55-64. (DOI: 10.3916/C37-2011-02-05).SOLECTIC, A. (2000). La producción de materiales escritos en losprogramas de educación a distancia: problemas y desafíos. In L.LITWIN (2000), La educación a distancia. Temas para el debate enuna nueva agenda educativa. España: Amorrortu.STUFFLEBEAM, D.L. (2000). Guidelines for Developing EvaluationChecklists. (www.wmich.edu/evalctr/checklists) (15-12-2011).WENTLING, T. & JOHNSON, S. (1999). The Design and Develop -ment of an Evaluation System for Online Instruction. www.universia.pr/cultura/videoconferencia.jsp.(30-09-2011).WESCHKE, B. & CANIPE, S. (2010). The Faculty Evaluation Process:The First Step in Fostering Professional Development in an OnlineUniversity. Journal of College Teaching & Learning, 7(1), 45-58.Comunicar, 39, XX, 2012© ISSN: 1134-3478 • e-ISSN: 1988-3293• Pages 159-167
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