Untitled - Caio - Index of

90 Proto-Indo-European Phonologypare the fo llowing examples with • S!le- > suo- > so- ( Leurnann LLFL 1977p. 47): - PIE 'S!lesor- f. 'sister' (compare Ved. sVllsar-, Got. swistar) = Lat.soror (concerning -r- < -S-, cf L 309 §I). - PIE 'slfep-n- 'sleep' ( MayrhoferEWAia IT p. 791f, compare Ved. svopna-, Old Norse svefo) = Lat.somnus. - PIE 'S!leliru-hr (itself probably derived from 'S!lelb;r-hr [cf. L304 § 3] 'syeliur-o- m. 'stepfuther') f. 'mother-in-law' (compare Ved. ivas- *djm, cf. L 303.3. DiphthongsL 219. The three vowels PIE 'e, '0 and *a combine with the semivowelsPIE 'j and 'y and form what are called 'falling' or 'true' diphthongs suchas PIE 'aj and ' ay, compare as an example NHG Baum [bOom]. 'Climbing'or 'false' diphthongs, fo r example the French roi [ryo] 'king,' are notattested in Proto-Indo-EuropeanThe expected, and, in correspondence sets widely attested diphthongs are:*ej*aj*oj *ey *0'1}In addition it may be asserted that under certain conditions long diphthongssuch as PIE 'oj or *elf may have existed, cf. L 224.L 220.languages:·ayInformation regarding the fate of -j-diphthongs in Indo-EuropeanI) The three short -j- diphthongs are preserved as , and inpre-Classical Latin. - In the course of development of Classical Latin in the2"" century, ej became the monophthong I, after a transitory phase. - Unaffectedby the phonetic circumstances, oj became u; however, in certain positions,the diphthong oj was preserved in the slight)y modified form oe .For example: poena 'punishment' vs. punlre 'to punish' and Poenus 'inhabitantofCarthage' vs. Punicus 'Punic.' Important correspondence sets such asLat. VICUS (= Myc. Or.! dialect yojko-) show the phonetic transformation l}Oj­> Zlej- > ui-, influenced by the phonetic environment, in this case, by If-· -SU:;ce the - 2" " century B.C., aj is replaced by , which denotes a diphthong