Untitled - Caio - Index of

54 IntroductionI) To the given meaning of the PIE ·hJes- 'to exist, to be there' may beadded that this verb must have had this strong meaning in the Proto-Indo­European period. Nominal sentences of the type, 'the floor is dry' were thusnot, as we would expect from the standpoint of German, formed with 'is,'which developed as a helping verb, but rather the simple series of PIE·dhei!'i5m with ·trsteh, was enough. See below, S 206 on the nominal sentence.Proto-Indo-European ·hJes- was often clarified with local particles ofthe type, 'ab-wesend,' cf. Latin ab-sent-, Mycenaean Greek a-pe-o-te i.e. apehontes.2) One further remark on ·e1-: It may not be omitted here that the rootoriginally contained a word initai laryngeaJ, and was thus ·hJej-: LIV 1999p. 207. This renders plausible the surprising notion that, as in the case of as- inthe imperfect singular as well as in the plural, despite the ablaut ·e1- : ·i-, bothbegin in Vedic with a long vowel (cf. I sg. 4Yam and 3 pI. 4Yan): I sg. ilyam