WIOMSA-CORDIO spawning book Full Doc 10 oct 13.pdf

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with the more vulnerable labrids and scarids. The moderate cluster grouped scarids and siganids,while the low vulnerability clusters grouped the remaining scarids and most of the acanthurids.Fig. 2 Species ordered by intrinsic vulnerability and grouped by cluster (group-averaged Bray Curtis similarity): veryhigh, high, moderate, low, very low vulnerability according to grey-scale.Testing the intrinsic vulnerability indexThe intrinsic vulnerability index was moderately correlated with population trends (slope ofabundance) for seven aggregative species of reef fish from Fiji (Fig. 3; Pearson correlation coefficient= -0.678; p = 0.047), though the regression model was only significant at the level of p < 0.1. Theintrinsic vulnerability index was unable to predict IUCN category (Fig. 4; c 2 = 2.59; p = 0.459).108
-0.001Intrinsic vulnerability index0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0Population trends-0.002-0.003-0.004-0.005R 2 = 0.4603H. longicepsC. urodetaC. argusP. laevisE. polyphekadionL. gibbusL. boharFig. 3 Relationshipbetween the intrinsicvulnerability index andpopulation trends (slope)of 7 species of reef fishfrom Fiji that are reportedas aggregative spawners inthe SCRFA Global Database(2010).1.00Intrinsic vulnerability index0.750.500.250.000 LC 1 NT 2 VU 3 EN 4IUCN categoryFig. 4 Relationship betweenthe intrinsic vulnerabilityindex and IUCNcategories for 28 species ofaggregative spawners: LC =‘least concern’; NT = ‘nearthreatened’; VU = ‘vulnerable’;EN = ‘endangered’.Extrinsic vulnerability and the frameworkBased on intrinsic vulnerability, the serranid and siganid aggregation fisheries were spread acrossthe upper and lower quadrants of the framework, respectively (Fig. 5). The target species of thefisheries assessed included a moderately vulnerable siganid (S. sutor), two serranid species of highvulnerability (E. fuscoguttatus, E. polyphekadion) and two serranid species of very high vulnerability(E. lanceolatus (equivalent to M. phenax), P. punctatus; see Fig. 2).The Epinephelus fuscoguttatus and E. polyphekadion populations at Cosmoledo Atoll were the mostvulnerable to aggregation fishing (Fig. 5), mainly due to the fact that this was a highly targetedaggregation fishery for the Asian live reef fish food trade (LRFFT) and was characterised by highdemand, value and storage capacity. Four other serranid populations were tending towards highextrinsic vulnerability, including the E. lanceolatus population of Zanzibar. Fisheries targeted E.fuscoguttatus and E. polyphekadion at multispecies aggregation sites at Cosmoledo and Farquhar,gave rise to identical extrinsic index scores for both species at each location.109
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The designation of geographical ent
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Chapter 1: IntroductionJan Robinson
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limited, subsistence levels of expl
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NTRs for spawning aggregations usin
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al. 2003). Verification may include
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a fraction of spawning sites are pr
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Chapter 3: Targeted fishing of the
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verifying spawning aggregations, we
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ecorded from inshore close to the c
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(a)(b)Fig. 3. Spatial patterns ofca
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pooled sizes of the three spawning
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found S. sutor contributed up to 44
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2011b). However, observations of fi
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MethodsTo identify seasonal and lun
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n=199Females GSI (mean ± SE)2.521.
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The estimate of size at maturity in
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This study was designed to verify S
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were selected. Fish selected for ta
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The number of traps increased on th
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Of the 9 tagged fish detected by re
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Fig. 7. Diel patterns ofdetection f
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Spawning aggregation site fidelity
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Chapter 6: Shoemaker spinefoot rabb
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anterior of the anus and below the
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A high percentage (80.8%) of depart
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arrivals and departures at these tw
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are typically applied for reef fish
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(a)(b)(c)Chapter 3, Figure 3. Spati
Page 66 and 67: (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)Chapter 7, Table
Page 68 and 69: Chapter 12, Fig. 1 Fraction of fema
Page 70 and 71: Plates 8. Selected photographs from
Page 72 and 73: MethodsStudy sitesThe study area wa
Page 74 and 75: which shelved gently ( ca. 25 o ) t
Page 76 and 77: Fig. 4. Lunar periodicity in number
Page 78 and 79: Behaviour and appearanceDescription
Page 80 and 81: eported aggregations forming betwee
Page 82 and 83: The sizes of E. fuscoguttatus aggre
Page 84 and 85: Materials and methodsStudy area and
Page 86 and 87: TL. All fish tagged were considered
Page 88 and 89: Lunar timing of arrivals and depart
Page 90 and 91: Fig. 8. The presence and absence of
Page 92 and 93: aggregation fishing. This critical
Page 94 and 95: Chapter 9: Persistence of grouper (
Page 96 and 97: ResultsBetween 2003 and 2006, the c
Page 98 and 99: Fig. 2. Mean (± standard error, SE
Page 100 and 101: A few species (e.g. Epinephelus gut
Page 102 and 103: (a)(b)Fig. 1. Map of (a) study site
Page 104 and 105: Fig. 2. Number of E. lanceolatus ob
Page 106 and 107: was having any impact on the popula
Page 108 and 109: A spawning aggregation is said to o
Page 110 and 111: Chapter 11: Evaluation of an indica
Page 112 and 113: Table 1 Aggregation fisheries asses
Page 114 and 115: the lists of Jennings et al. (1999)
Page 118 and 119: The remaining serranid populations
Page 120 and 121: Spawning aggregation behaviour is c
Page 122 and 123: tiger grouper, Mycteroperca tigris:
Page 124 and 125: of protecting the normal residence
Page 126 and 127: • Since grouper males are afforde
Page 128 and 129: Fig. 2 Yield-per-recruit normalized
Page 130 and 131: The approaches identified above are
Page 132 and 133: during full moon periods. Siganus s
Page 134 and 135: model, many parameter estimates are
Page 136 and 137: ReferencesAbunge C (2011) Managing
Page 138 and 139: Cox DR (1972) Regression models and
Page 140 and 141: Grüss A, Kaplan DM, Hart DR (2011b
Page 142 and 143: Kaunda-Arara B, Rose GA (2004a) Eff
Page 144: Newcomer RT, Taylor DH, Guttman SI
Page 147 and 148: Sancho G, Petersen CW, Lobel PS (20
Page 149 and 150: Appendix 1. QuestionnaireMASMA SPAW
Page 151 and 152: 8. Spawning aggregation knowledgeUs
Page 153 and 154: Example items KSh Furthest site Clo
Page 155 and 156: Appendix II. Experimental testing o
Page 157 and 158: Clove oil concentrationAt a concent
Page 159 and 160: Appendix III. Application of acoust
Page 161 and 162: 153
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