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Bolden SK (2000) Long distance movement of a Nassau grouper (Epinephelus striatus) to a <strong>spawning</strong> aggregation in thecentral Bahamas. Fish. Bull. 98:642–645Burton ML, Brennan KJ, Muñoz RC, Parker Jr RO (2005) Preliminary evidence of increased <strong>spawning</strong> aggregations ofmutton snapper (Lutjanus analis) at Riley’s Hump two years after establishment of the Tortugas South EcologicalReserve. Fish B-NOAA <strong>10</strong>3:404–4<strong>10</strong>Carter JG, Marrow J, Pryor V (1994) Aspects of the ecology and reproduction of Nassau grouper, Epinephelus striatus ,off the coast of Belize, Central America. Proc Gulf Caribb Fish Inst 43:65–111Chang-Seng D (2007) Climate variability and climate change assessment for the Seychelles. GEF/UNDP/Governmentof Seychelles. Victoria, Seychelles. 56 ppCheal A, MacNeil M, Cripps E, Emslie M, Jonker M, Schaffelke B, Sweatman H (20<strong>10</strong>) Coral−macroalgal phase shiftsor reef resilience: links with diversity and functional roles of herbivorous fishes on the Great Barrier Reef. Coral Reefs29: <strong>10</strong>05−<strong>10</strong>15Cheung WWL, Pitcher TJ, Pauly D (2005) A fuzzy logic expert system to estimate intrinsic extinction vulnerabilities ofmarine fishes to fishing. Biol Conserv 124:97–111Cinner JE (2007) Designing marine reserves to reflect local socioeconomic conditions: lessons from long-enduringcustomary management systems. Coral Reefs 26:<strong>10</strong>35–<strong>10</strong>45Cinner JE, McClanahan TR, Daw TM, Graham NAJ, Maina J, Wilson SK, Hughes TP (2009) Linking social andecological systems to sustain coral reef fisheries. Current Biology 19:206-212Cinner JE, McClanahan TR, MacNeil MA, Graham NAJ, Daw TM, Mukminin A, Feary DA, Rabearisoa AL,Wamukota A, Jiddawi N, Campbell SJ, Baird AH, Januchowski-Hartley FA, Hamed S, Lahari R, Morove T,Kuange J. (2012) Comanagement of coral reef social-ecological systems. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA <strong>10</strong>9:5219–5222Claro R, Lindeman KC (2003) Spawning aggregation sites of snapper and grouper species (Lutjanidae and Serranidae)on the insular shelf of Cuba. Gulf Caribbean Res 14:91–<strong>10</strong>6Claro R, Sadovy YS, Lindeman KC, García-Cagide A (2009) Historical analysis of commercial Cuban fishing effort andthe effects of management interventions on important reef fishes from 1960-2005. Fish Res 99:7-16Claydon J (2004) Spawning aggregations of coral reef fishes: characteristics, hypotheses, threats and management.Oceanogr Mar Biol Annu Rev 42:265–302Clua E, Beliaeff B, Chauvet C, David G, Ferraris J, Kronen M, Kulbicki M, Labrosse P, Letourneur Y, Pelletier D,Thébaud O, Léopold M (2005) Towards multidisciplinary indicator dashboards for coral reef fisheries management.Aquat Living Resour 18:199-213Coleman FC, Koenig CC, Collins LA (1996) Reproductive styles of shallow water groupers of the northeastern Gulf ofMexico and the consequences of fishing <strong>spawning</strong> aggregations. Environ Biol Fish 47:129–141Coleman FC, Koenig CC, Eklund A-M, Grimes CB (1999) Management and conservation of temperate reef fishes inthe grouper-snapper complex of the Southeastern United States. Am Fish Soc Symp 23:233-242Coleman FC, Koenig CC, Huntsman GR, Music JA, Eklund M, McGovern JC, Chapman RW, Sedberry GR, GrimesCB (2000) Long-lived reef fishes: the grouper–snapper complex. Fisheries 25:14–21Colin PL (1992) Reproduction of the Nassau grouper, Epinephelus striatus (Pisces: Serranidae), and its relationship toenvironmental condition. Environ Biol Fish 34:357–377Colin PL (1994) Preliminary investigations of reproductive activity of the jewfish, Epinephelus itajara (Pisces: SerranidaeProc Gulf Carib Fish 44:138-147Colin PL (2012) Timing and Location of Aggregation and Spawning in Reef Fishes. pp. 117-158. In: Sadovy de MitchesonY, Colin PL (eds.) Reef Fish Spawning Aggregations: Biology, Research and Management. Fish & Fisheries SeriesVolume 35.Colin PL, Laroche WA, Brothers EB (1997) Ingress and Settlement in the Nassau Grouper, Epinephelus striatus (Pisces:Serranidae), with Relationship to Spawning Occurrence. Bulletin of Marine Science 60:656-667Colin PL, Sadovy YJ, Domeier ML (2003) Manual for the Study and Conservation of Reef fish SpawningAggregations. Society for the Conservation of Reef Fish Aggregations, Special Publication No. 1 (Version 1.0). 98+ iii pp.Colin PL, Shapiro DY, Weiler D (1987) Aspects of the reproduction of two groupers, Epinephelus guttatus and E. striatus,in the West Indies. Bulletin of Marine Science 40:220-230Courchamp F, Angelo E, Rivalan P, Hall R J, Signoret L, Bull L, Meinard Y (2006) Rarity value and speciesextinction: The anthropogenic Allee Effect. Public Library Of Science Biology 4(12): e405 doi: <strong>10</strong>.1371/journal.pbio.0040415129
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The designation of geographical ent
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Chapter 1: IntroductionJan Robinson
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limited, subsistence levels of expl
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NTRs for spawning aggregations usin
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al. 2003). Verification may include
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a fraction of spawning sites are pr
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Chapter 3: Targeted fishing of the
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verifying spawning aggregations, we
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ecorded from inshore close to the c
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(a)(b)Fig. 3. Spatial patterns ofca
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pooled sizes of the three spawning
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found S. sutor contributed up to 44
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2011b). However, observations of fi
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MethodsTo identify seasonal and lun
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n=199Females GSI (mean ± SE)2.521.
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The estimate of size at maturity in
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This study was designed to verify S
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were selected. Fish selected for ta
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The number of traps increased on th
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Of the 9 tagged fish detected by re
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Fig. 7. Diel patterns ofdetection f
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Spawning aggregation site fidelity
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Chapter 6: Shoemaker spinefoot rabb
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anterior of the anus and below the
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A high percentage (80.8%) of depart
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arrivals and departures at these tw
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are typically applied for reef fish
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(a)(b)(c)Chapter 3, Figure 3. Spati
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(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)Chapter 7, Table
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Chapter 12, Fig. 1 Fraction of fema
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Plates 8. Selected photographs from
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MethodsStudy sitesThe study area wa
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which shelved gently ( ca. 25 o ) t
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Fig. 4. Lunar periodicity in number
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Behaviour and appearanceDescription
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eported aggregations forming betwee
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The sizes of E. fuscoguttatus aggre
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Materials and methodsStudy area and
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