Diane Larsen-Freeman
larsen-freeman-techniques-and-principles-in-language-teaching
larsen-freeman-techniques-and-principles-in-language-teaching
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76 Desuggestopedia<br />
return, they sec that the teacher has hung a painting of a calming scene in<br />
natu re at the front of the room . The reacher then explains that she will<br />
read the dialog aga in. This time she suggests that the students put do wn<br />
their scripts and just listen. The second time she reads rhe dia log, she<br />
appears to he speaking at a normal rare. She has changed rhc music to<br />
Handel's Water Music. She makes no attempt rhis time to matc h her voice<br />
to the music. With the end of the second reading, the class is over. There is<br />
no homework assigned; howeve r the reacher suggests that if the student s<br />
wan t to do something, they could read over the dialog once before they go<br />
to bed and once when they get up in the morning.<br />
We decide to attend the next class to see how the teach er will wor k with<br />
the new material she has presented. After greeting the students and having<br />
them int roduce themselves in their new ident ities once again , the<br />
teacher asks the students to tak e our their dia log scripts.<br />
Next, the reacher pulls out a hat from a bag. She puts it 0 11 her head,<br />
points to herself, and names a character from the dialog. She indicates<br />
that she wants someone else to wear the hat. A girl volunteers to do so.<br />
Three more hats arc taken out of the teacher's hag and , with a great deal<br />
of playfulness, they arc distributed. The teacher turns to the four students<br />
wearin g the hats and asks them to read a portion of the dialog, imagining<br />
tha t they arc the character whose hat they wear. When they finish their<br />
por tion of dia log, four different students get to wear the hats and continue<br />
reading the script, This group is asked to read it in a sad way. The<br />
next group of (ou r read it in an angry way, and the last group of four in a<br />
cheerfu l way.<br />
The teacher then asks for fou r new volunteers. She tells them that they<br />
are auditi oning for a role in a Broadway play. They want very much to<br />
win the role. In order to impress the directo r of the play, they must read<br />
their lines very dramatically. The first grou p read s several pages of thc<br />
dialog in this manner, and following grou ps do this as welL<br />
Next, the teacher asks questions in English about the dialog. She also<br />
asks students to give her the English translation of an Arab ic sente nce and<br />
vice versa. Sometimes she asks the stude nts to repeat an English line after<br />
her; still ot her times, she addresses a questio n from the dialog to an indio<br />
vidual srudenr.The classroom environment remains very livelyand piayful.<br />
Next. she teaches the students a children's alphabet song containing<br />
English names and occupations. 'A , my name is Alice; Illy husband's<br />
name is Alex. We live in Australia. ;1I1d we sell apples. B, my name is<br />
Barbara : my husband's name is bert. We live in Brazil. and we sell books.'<br />
The stude nts arc laughing and clapping as they sing along.<br />
Desuggestopedia 77<br />
After the song, the teacher has the students sta nd up and get in a circle.<br />
She takes out a medium -sized soft ball. She throws the ball to one student<br />
and, while she is throwing it. she asks him what his name is in English. lI e<br />
catches the ball as he says, 'My name is Richard.' She indicates that he is<br />
to throw the ball to another student while posing a question to him.<br />
Richard asks , 'What you do?' The teacher corrects in a very soft mice<br />
saying 'W hat do you do?' The student replies, '1am a conductor.' The<br />
game continues on in this mann er with the students posing questions to<br />
one another as they throw the ball. The second class is no w over. Again ,<br />
there is no homework assigned, other than to read over the dialog if a StUdent<br />
so wishes.<br />
During the third class of the week, the stud ents will continue to wor k<br />
with this dialog. They will mo ve away from reading it, however, and<br />
move towa rd using the new language in a creative way. They will play<br />
some competitive games, do role plays (sec descr iption in the techniques<br />
review) and skits. Next week, the class will be introduced to a new dialog<br />
and the basic sequence of lessons we obse rved here will be repeated.<br />
In the classroom next door, an intermediate class is studying. The students<br />
arc seated aro und a rectangular table. O n the table the re are a few<br />
to ys and instrument s. Again there arc posters around the room, this rime<br />
of more complicated gramma r. As we listen in, the reacher is introducing<br />
a story from a reader. She gives synonyms or description s for the new<br />
words. She reads parts of the story and the stude nts do chora l and individual<br />
reading of ot her sections. New words, families of wo rds, and<br />
expressions arc listed at the end of the story for reference. The intcrmcdiate<br />
students are encouraged to add their own new words and phra ses to<br />
the lesson with their translations. The students usc more com plex tenses<br />
and language structures.<br />
The teacher presents the first story and lists of related words and strucrures<br />
to a Beethoven piano concerto in much the same way as the beginners'<br />
dialog is read, followed by a shorter second reading. this time to a<br />
piece by Bach. The followi ng days include readi ng, singing, discussions,<br />
story telling, gra mmar and pronunciation games, and writing, all orcbcsrrurcd<br />
in a creative and playful fashion .<br />
THINKING ABOUT THE EXPERIENCE<br />
Let us now investigate Dcsuggcsropedia in our usual fashion. fi rst. we<br />
will list our obse rvations. h om these. we will attempt to uncove r the<br />
principles o f Desuggcsropcdin.