American Airpower Comes of Age

CAIRO, TEHRAN, PALESTINE, CAIRO, ITALY
of Eighth and Fifteenth . . . between theaters.” Appreciating that Spaatz as
USSTAF commander would be less diplomatic and probably more forceful
than another potential USSTAF commander, Portal could appreciate that his
actual power, no matter what the directive said, would be lessened under the
new structure. See also FRUS CT, 788–89.
6. FRUS CT, 757; and Arnold Diary, 7 December 1943.
7. Robert E. Sherwood, Roosevelt and Hopkins: An Intimate History (New
York: Harper & Brothers, 1948), 772.
8. Joseph W. Stilwell, The Stilwell Papers, arranged and edited by
Theodore H. White (New York: William Sloane Associates, 1948), 246; and
Arnold Diary, 24 November 1943.
9. Forrest C. Pogue, George C. Marshall, Organizer of Victory, 1943–1945
(New York: Viking Press, 1973), 309–10.
10. H. H. Arnold, General of the Air Force, Global Mission (New York:
Harper & Brothers, 1949), 466–67.
11. Arnold Diary, 1 December 1943.
12. FRUS CT, 576–85.
13. Arnold, Global Mission, 462.
14. Sloop, commissioned as USS Delphine in 1921, now used as Admiral
King’s flagship.
15. A relatively extensive log of people, times, places, movements and
meetings (without coverage of the substantive issues of the discussions) of
the group, including the president, from their departure from Washington on
11 November throughout most of the journey, was prepared by Lt Jg William
M. Ridgon, USN. From Washington to Cairo is covered in FRUS CT, 270–90;
while in Cairo, the events of 22–26 November are at 293–300; en route Cairo
to Tehran and meetings at Tehran, 27 November–2 December, at 459–74;
Tehran to Cairo and Second Cairo Conference, 21–27 December, at 655–61.
An account of the return of the president from Cairo to Washington is
printed in US Department of State Bulletin 9, 11 December 1943, 410–12.
16. Capt Austin K. Doyle, USN, specific assignment unknown.
17. US battleship, Iowa class, commissioned August 1942.
18. Vice Adm Charles M. “Savvy” Cooke, USN, chief of staff to Admiral
King; Maj Gen Thomas T. Handy, USA, OPD, War Department; Rear Adm
Bernard H. Bieri, USN, assistant chief of staff, Plans, Office of CNO; Brig
Gen Laurence S. Kuter, AC/AS Plans and Combat Operations, AAF
Headquarters; Brig Gen Haywood S. Hansell, assistant CG, Chief of Staff to
the Supreme Allied Commander, (COSSAC); Rear Adm Oscar C. Badger,
USN, assistant CNO for Logistics and Plans; Col Emmett O’Donnell, chief,
Advisory Council, AAF Headquarters; Brig Gen Frank N. Roberts, USA,
Strategy Section, OPD; Capt Edmund W. Burrough, USN, Strategic Planning
Committee, JCS; Col William W. Bessell Jr., USA, Strategy Section, OPD; Col
Joseph Smith, USA, Joint War Plans Committee, JCS; Capt Forrest B. Royal,
USN, secretary, JCS; Maj William W. Chapman, USA, assistant deputy secretary,
JCS; Capt William L. Freseman, USN, Office of the CNO; Cmdr Victor
D. Long, USN, aide to Admiral King.
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