robert spencer-did muhammad exist__ an inquiry into islams obscure origins-intercollegiate studies institute (2012) (1)

Encyclopedia Britannica, 1
Ephraem the Syrian, St., 169–70
Episcopalians, 5
Eucharist, 37–38, 170–75
Europe, xv
Eve, 148, 168
Fatima (daughter of Muhammad), xvi, xvii, 116
Fihri, Maslama al-, 70
Foreign Vocabulary of the Qur'an, The (Jeffery), 153
Foss, Clive, 43
fundamentalism, 5
Gabriel (angel), xiii, 3, 97, 101, 108, 113, 125, 127, 133, 134, 147, 157, 170–71, 183, 203
Gadara bathhouse inscription, xiv, 47–48, 50–51
Gaza, xiii
Gilchrist, John, 192
Gilliot, Claude, 146
God, of Abraham, xiv, 31, 32, 34; Christ as Son of, 37; Christ as Word of, 38; Jesus as Son of, 47, 55, 181; monotheism and, ix. See also Allah
Goldziher, Ignaz, 9, 10–11, 14, 80, 85
Gospels, 4
Gräf, Erwin, 166
Greater Syria, ix
Greek, 20, 21, 24, 36, 46, 91, 104, 145, 155, 206
Guillaume, Alfred, 165
Gulam, Ehteshaam, 90
Gülen, Fethullah, 126, 127, 193
Hadith, xv; Arabian conquest and, 12; authority of, 63; centrality of, 66–68; chain of transmitters (isnad) and, xvii, 81–82, 82–84; collecting and
codifying of, 78–79; contradictions in, 77–78; dating of, 66; fabrication of, xi, 12, 71–72, 211; factionalism and, 72–76; historical reliability of,
10–12, 63, 82–84, 85–86; Islamic law and, 10, 11, 19, 63; Islamic practice and, 10, 11, 63, 77–78; Islamic theology and, 67; Islamic tradition
and, 19, 64, 79, 83; Muhammad, embarrassment of and, 107; Muhammad, example of and, 68–72; Muhammad, historicity of and, xi;
Muhammad, words and deeds of and, xv, 10, 19, 63, 68–72, 85–86; occasions of revelation and, 64–66; polygamy and, 113–14; proliferation
of forgeries of, 80–82, 118; Qur'an and, 19, 63–66, 69, 80–81, 128, 131–36, 138, 147, 187, 199. See also Islamic tradition; Qur'an
Hafsa (wife of Muhammad), 82, 187–88, 189
Hagar, 12, 30
Hagarians, 12, 30–31, 33, 36, 59, 195, 205
Hagarism, 207
Hagarism: The Making of the Islamic World (Crone and Cook), 12
Hajjaj ibn Yusuf, xv, 58, 59, 60, 69, 83, 197–200, 206
Hamza, 164
hanifs, 182, 208
Hart, Michael H., 1
Hasan (grandson), xvi, xvii
Hasan, al-, 65, 144
Hebrew, 155–56, 161, 162, 172
Hell, 68, 73, 139, 171, 172, 178, 180, 204
heresy, 35, 37, 56, 68, 89, 126
Hijra, 48–49, 73, 92, 93, 204, 222
Hinds, Martin, 69–70