A FUTURE FOR PUBLIC SERVICE TELEVISION CONTENT AND PLATFORMS IN A DIGITAL WORLD

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A FUTURE FOR PUBLIC SERVICE TELEVISION ethical judgement or debate, including debates on the reasons for supporting public service broadcasting. Appeals to subjective interpretations of public value may not offer any stable basis for claims about public policy or in particular about public service broadcasting. 5. In discussing public service broadcasting it may be more useful to consider public goods rather than public value. A public good is one that is not depleted by use. Its consumption by one individual does not undermine its availability for others. Public goods are therefore said to be non rivalrous: nobody has less merely because others have access. Often public goods are not only non-rivalrous, but also (more or less) non excludable: it is hard or expensive to exclude some people from enjoying them. Typical public goods include a sound currency, a non-corrupt judiciary, a medical database, a common language, flood control systems, lighthouses, and street lighting. All non-rivalrous goods (although sometimes geographically restricted). Nobody loses when others too enjoy them. Broadcast content is a public good par excellence—although it is technologically possible to exclude some from enjoying it. 6. Individual choices, such as those that reflect consumer preferences, are not enough to secure public goods – even where all individuals want them. Problems of non-coordination and free riding cannot be resolved by uncoordinated provision, including provision by unrestricted free markets. Public goods require either public provision or some coordination or regulation of ways in which other providers contribute to them. If we think that there are sorts of broadcasting that are valuable for the public, then we have reason to seek structures that can provide it. This might be secured by institutions funded by public provision (a formulation that covers state-controlled broadcasters who may sometimes ignore any conception of public service broadcasting); or by broadcasters with more varied funding working to a public service remit – and there is disagreement about what that requires. 7. Among the public goods to which public service broadcasting can make significant contributions are: a shared sense of the public space and of what it is to communicate with others who are not already like-minded; access to a wide and varied pool of information and to the critical standards that enable intelligent engagement with other views; an understanding of the diversity of views held by fellow citizens and by others; a shared enjoyment of cultural and sporting occasions that would otherwise be preserve of the few or the privileged; an understanding of the diversity of views others hold. These are examples of public goods that are distinctively, although not in all cases uniquely, important for public service broadcasting. 8. The list of public goods in para 7 is not a list of the standards that matter in broadcasting (as elsewhere). A list of such those standards would no doubt include honesty, accuracy, clarity, commitment to correct errors, as well as standards of respect for persons that require broadcasters (like others) not to abuse, defame, misrepresent, intrude on privacy, or at the limit injure or breach others’ rights. These are important standards for personal, public and social life, and thereby also for public service broadcasting, but they are not peculiar to PSB. By contrast the standards listed under 7 are distinctively, although not uniquely, relevant to public service broadcasters. 174
CONTENT AND PLATFORMS IN A DIGITAL WORLD 175
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A FUTURE FOR PUBLIC SERVICE TELEVIS
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Contents Foreword by David Puttnam
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To instruct democracy, if possible
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Welcome Television is leading a cha
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CONTENT AND PLATFORMS IN A DIGITAL
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PSB channels 71.9% All other channe
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Why television matters Television i
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1982 1990s 2012 The BBC-ITV duopoly
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Time for action Today’s policymak
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Basic principles At the core of pre
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The multichannel revolution Perhaps
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The BBC For most people, the BBC is
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Channel 4 If the BBC is the most im
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Only 8% of Channel 4’s total spen
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ITV and Channel 5 The focus of atte
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The changing face of ITV 1993-2002
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New sources of public service conte
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Television and diversity We have ea
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THE PEOPLE SHOULD BE TELEVISED If t
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Nations and Regions Public service
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Page 123 and 124: CONTENT AND PLATFORMS IN A DIGITAL
Page 129 and 130: Content diversity One of the key wa
Page 135 and 136: Sports content now accounts for som
Page 145 and 146: Talent development and training In
Page 153 and 154: Conclusion Television is changing.
Page 155 and 156: Recommendations General The UK’s
Page 161 and 162: Appointing the BBC board Sir David
Page 163 and 164: APPLICATION OF THE NOLAN PRINCIPLES
Page 165 and 166: BAFTA members’ survey delivered i
Page 173: Public service broadcasting, public
Page 177 and 178: Inquiry events Do we still need pub
Page 179 and 180: Acknowledgements Inquiry Report Con
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A FUTURE FOR PUBLIC SERVICE TELEVISION CONTENT AND PLATFORMS IN A DIGITAL WORLD

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