Master the board step 3

Preventive Medicine
Influenza vaccine is recommended yearly in the general population. It has the
greatest benefit in the following persons:
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Everyone > 50
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Pregnant women
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Health care workers
Flu vaccine is acceptable
for everyone yearly.
Pneumococcal vaccine is different from influenza vaccine in that:
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It is indicated for all patients > 65
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It is administered as a single injection.
Influenza vaccine is acceptable in everyone in the general population yearly.
Meningococcal Vaccination
Meningococcal vaccination is now routine at age 11. Children at especially
high risk, who should be vaccinated even earlier, are those with functional or
anatomic asplenia or those with terminal complement deficiency.
HPV Vaccination
This is a quadrivalent vaccine that should be administered to all females
between 13 and 26. Studies are looking at the benefits of administering the
vaccine to women outside this age range, but currently the guideline is ages
13–26. HPV vaccine is acceptable in boys.
Varicella-Zoster Vaccine
Vaccination against the reactivation of varicella-zoster (shingles) should be
performed in everyone above age 60. The vaccine is a higher-dose form of the
varicella vaccine given to children.
Smoking Cessation
All patients should be screened for tobacco use and advised against it. The most
effective method of achieving smoking cessation is the use of oral medication,
such as bupropion and varenicline. Less effective therapies that can be tried
first are nicotine patches and gums.
Osteoporosis
All women should be screened with bone densitometry at age 65.
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