The Historiography of the Holocaust

The Decision-Making Process 195
64 C.R. Browning, Ordinary Men: Reserve Police Battalion 101 and the Final Solution in
Poland (New York: HarperCollins, 1992); and Goldhagen, Hitler’s Willing Executioners.
65 For example, Gerlach, Krieg, Ernährung, Völkermord; Allen, The Business of Genocide.
66 M. Dean, Collaboration in the Holocaust: Crimes of the Local Police in Belarus and
Ukraine, 1941–44 (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 2000); K. Stang, Kollaboration und
Massenmord: Die litauische Hilfspolizei, das Rollkommando Hamann und die Ermordung
der litauischen Juden (New York: P. Lang, 1996).
67 I examine the case of Brest-Litovsk as an example of the interplay of local initiative
and centralized policies in chapter 5 of C.R. Browning, Nazi Policy, Jewish Workers,
German Killers (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2000).
68 Longerich, Politik der Vernichtung.
69 I. Kershaw, Hitler 1936–1945: Nemesis (New York: Norton, 2000).
70 Safrian, Die Eichmann-Männer, especially pp. 149, 154, 169–73.
71 L.J. Hartog, Der Befehl zum Judenmord: Hitler, Amerika und die Juden (Bodenheim:
Syndikat Buchgesellschaft, 1997), initially published in Dutch in 1994.
72 C. Gerlach, ‘Die Wannsee-Konferenz, das Schicksal der deutschen Juden und Hitlers
Grundsatzentscheidung, alle Juden zu ermordern’, Werkstattgeschichte, 18 (1997), 7–44;
subsequently in English as ‘The Wannsee Conference, the Fate of German Jews, and
Hitler’s Decision in Principle to Exterminate All European Jews’, Journal of Modern
History, 70 (1998), 759–812.
73 T. Jersak, ‘Die Interaktion von Kriegsverlauf und Judenvernichtung: Ein Blick auf
Hitlers Strategie im Spätsommer 1941’, Historische Zeitschrift, 268 (1999), 311–49.
74 M. Roseman, The Wannsee Conference and the Final Solution: A Reconsideration (New
York: Metropolitan Books, 2002), pp. 69–78.
75 S. Friedländer, ‘Ideology and Extermination. The Immediate Origins of the Final
Solution’, in Lessons and Legacies, V: The Holocaust and Justice, ed. R. Smelser (Evanston,
IL: Northwestern University Press, 2002), pp. 31–48.
76 See chapter 2 of Nazi Policy, Jewish Workers, German Killers for more detailed documentation
on this issue.
77 United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (USHMM), RG 15.007m, roll 8/file 103/
pp. 45–62 (Höppner to Eichmann and Ehlich, 3 September 1941, with proposal of 2
September 1941).
78 National Archives, T 175/54/256895 (Himmler to Greiser, 18 September 1941).
79 E. Fröhlich, ed., Die Tagebücher Joseph Goebbels, Part 2, volume 1, pp. 480–3.
80 Ibid., vol. 2, pp. 49–50, 73.
81 H.G. Adler, Theresienstadt 1941–1945: Das Anlitz einer Zwangsgemeinschaft, 2nd edition
(Tübingen: J.C.B. Mohr, 1960), pp. 720–2 (Document 46b: notes on Heydrich conference
of 10 October 1941, in Prague).
82 Pohl, Von der ‘Judenpolitik’ zum Judenmord, pp. 89–111; Musial, Deutsche Zivilverwaltung
und Judenverfolgung, pp. 193–215.
83 Zentrale Stelle der Landesjustizverwaltungen (ZStL), 203 AR-Z 69/59, vol. IV, pp.
624–43, and VI, pp. 961–89 (testimony of Walter Burmeister).
84 C. Gerlach, ‘Failure of Plans for an SS Extermination Camp in Mogilew, Belarus’,
Holocaust and Genocide Studies, 7 (1997), 60–4, and Kalkulierte Morde, pp. 650–3.
85 Nuremberg Document NO-365 (draft letter, Rosenberg to Lohse, initialled by
Wetzel, 25 October 1941).
86 ZStL, 298 AR 64–71, vol. II, p. 442 (testimony of Jan Piwonski). Musial, Deutsche
Zivilverwaltung und die Judenverfolgung, p. 208.
87 Yad Vashem Archives (YVA), O-53/76/110–111 (Abromeit Vermerk, 24 October
1941, on meeting of 23 October. This meeting was also attended by a Gestapo officer