The Historiography of the Holocaust

The Holocaust and the Soviet Union 295
14 For the documents relating to these events, see S. Redlich, War, Holocaust and Stalinism:
A Documented Study of Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee in the USSR (Luxembourg:
Harwood Academic, 1995).
15 See J. Garrard, ‘The Nazi Holocaust in the Soviet Union: Interpreting Newly Opened
Russian Archives’, East European Jewish Affairs, 25, 2 (1995), 3–40.
16 V. Grossman, The Years of War (Moscow: Sovetskii pisatel’, 1946).
17 The Russian Jews in the War (London: Jewish Fund for Soviet Russia, 1943). It is quite
clear that all the material in the brochure was provided by the Soviets.
18 M. Mitsel’, Obshchiny iudeiskogo veroispovedaniia v Ukraine: Kiev, L’vov: 1945–1981 gg.
(Kiev: Biblioteka Institutu Iudaiki, 1998), pp. 159–60.
19 As noted below, the book never appeared in the Soviet Union. The most complete
version available in English is I. Ehrenburg and V. Grossman, The Complete Black
Book of Russian Jewry (New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers, 2001).
20 B. Pinkus, The Soviet Government and the Jews: A Documented Study (Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press, 1984), pp. 167–8.
21 Ibid., p. 170.
22 Ibid., p. 495. This story earned Kipnis a reprimand for ‘bourgeois nationalism’; ibid.,
pp. 149–50.
23 The Russian Jews in the War, p. 9.
24 I. Ehrenburg, The Storm, trans. J. Fineberg (New York: Gaer Associates, 1949).
25 For a picture of this monument, see Z. Gitelman, A Century of Ambivalence: The Jews
of Russia and the Soviet Union, 1881 to the Present, 2nd expanded edition (Bloomington:
Indiana University Press, 2001), p. 134.
26 Pinkus, Soviet Government, p. 559, n. 14.
27 For the classic study, see R. Conquest, Power and Policy in the USSR (New York:
Macmillan, 1962). For more recent treatments see A. Weiner, Making Sense of War:
The Second World War and the Fate of the Bolshevik Revolution (Princeton: Princeton
University Press, 2001); and D. Brandenberger, National Bolshevism: Stalinist Mass
Culture and the Formation of Modern Russian National Identity, 1931–1956 (Cambridge,
MA: Harvard University Press, 2002).
28 For an abridged English translation of the trial transcript, see J. Rubenstein and
V.P. Naumov, eds., Stalin’s Secret Pogrom: the Postwar Inquisition of the Jewish Anti-Fascist
Committee, trans. L.E. Wolfson (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2001).
29 See the discussion in Pinkus, Soviet Government, pp. 229–37.
30 Ibid., pp. 219–20.
31 See O.J. Pohl, Ethnic Cleansing in the USSR, 1937–1949 (Westport, CT: Greenwood
Press, 1999).
32 The Complete Black Book, p. 12.
33 Pinkus, Soviet Government, p. 175.
34 The Diary of Anne Frank was published in Russian translation, with an introduction
by Ilya Ehrenburg, in 1960.
35 For the text of the poem, see Pinkus, Soviet Government, pp. 114–16.
36 Ibid., p. 119.
37 Ibid., pp. 119–23.
38 For the English translation of the full novel, see A. Anatoli (Kuznetsov), Babi Yar
(New York: Pocket Books, 1972).
39 A. Rybakov, Heavy Sand, trans. H. Shukman (London: Allen Lane, 1981).
40 Both reported in the Leningrad Jewish newspaper Ami/Narod moi (30 October 1990
and 17 February 1991).