Trinity

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TRINITY & OTHER DOCTRINES OF GOD: PROF. M. M. NINAN Jesus had a human body and lower soul (the seat of the emotions) and a divine mind. Monophysitism argued that Christ had only “one nature”. Apollinarius’ rejection that Christ had a human mind was considered an over-reaction to Arianism and its teaching that Christ was not divine. It was declared to be a heresy in 381 by the First Council of Constantinople, since Christ was officially depicted as fully human and fully God. Followers of Apollinarianism were accused of attempting to create a tertium quid (“third thing,” neither God nor man) out of Jesus. Apollinarius further taught, following Tertullian, that the souls of men were propagated by other souls, as well as their bodies. Apollinarianism He was charged with confounding the persons of the Godhead, and with giving into the heretical ways of Sabellius. Basil of Caesarea accused him of abandoning the literal sense of the scripture, and taking up wholly with the allegorical sense. His doctrine above-mentioned was first made known A. D. 371, and has been condemned as heretical, since A. D. 375, by various councils; among others, by the Ecumenieal council at Constantinople in A. D. 381. Apollinaris, however, formed a con gation of his adherents at Antioch, ordaining Vitalis as their bishop. The community grew widely in Syria and the neighboring countries, and one even in Constantinople; but, after the death of their leader, between A. D. 382 and A. D. 392, they became two groups, --one, the Valentinians, who adhered to the doctrine of Apollonaris; the other, the Polemians, who assert that God and the body of Christ became one substance, and who, consequently, pay divine honors to the flesh; for which reason-they were called Sarco-latroe, Anthropo-latroe and because they admit the union of both human and divine into one Christ as Synussians. They were finally forbidden to form any assembly by imperial edict in 388 and 397 and were forced to flee the cities. By 428 they totally disappeared. 77 B: Eutychianism Eutychianism refers to a set of Christian theological doctrines derived from the ideas of Eutyches of Constantinople (c. 380 – c. 456). Eutyches taught that the divinity of Christ consumed his humanity as the ocean consumes a drop of vinegar. The separate divine and human natures united and blended in such a manner that although Jesus was homoousian with the Father, he
TRINITY & OTHER DOCTRINES OF GOD: PROF. M. M. NINAN was not homoousian with man. He was a key figure of the Second Council of Ephesus, where he was exonerated, but was later condemned at the Council of Chalcedon.The response to Eutychianism resulted in the Fourth Ecumenical Council in Chalcedon in 450-451, and the statement of faith known as the Chalcedonian Creed. A major schism now developed, with the venerable "popes" of Rome and Alexandria excommunicating each other as heretics. The death of Emperor Theodosius II in 450 led to the Council of Chalcedon, which deposed both Eutyches and Dioscorus for Monophysitism and published what is now considered the final word on christology, affirming "two natures" in Christ "without division." Chalcedonian Creed contains language about Christ, that is explicitly anti-Apollinarianism: "actually man, with a rational soul and a body" "perfect in humanness" "consubstantial with man as far as his humanness is concerned" "like us in all respects, except sin" Euthyches soon died in exile, but the Monophysite controversy would continue to plague the eastern and African churches for at least another century. 78
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The Mystery of tefillin The Manduky
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Trinity

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