Strategic Planning for Species Conservation: A Handbook - IUCN

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Strategic Planning for Species Conservation • The species is very important to humans, economically or culturally. • There is an opportunity to develop a SCS for the species, afforded by strong interest by those with data, resources, or responsibility to implement conservation actions. Box 3.2. Components of a conservation plan for a speciose group Vision: A world in which invertebrate animals are valued and conserved, in parallel with all other groups of organisms, now and in the future. Photo 3.2 A stag beetle (Lucanus cervus) in Gablitz, Austria © Hans Svadlenak In contrast, factors that could lead to a multi-species conservation strategy include: • Limited data are available on the distribution of and threats to each species. • Multiple species share largely overlapping ranges and habitats. • A guild of species with similar ecological roles is of concern. 15 Goal: To halt the loss of invertebrate animal diversity in Europe. Objectives Objective 1: Raise awareness and alter human attitudes and behaviour towards the importance of conserving invertebrate animals. Objective 2: Promote integrated management of landscape mosaics at the relevant scales to be sustainable for invertebrates; Objective 3: Strengthen European to national/ local invertebrate conservation policy and action Objective 4: Identify and prioritise key actions to be implemented at different political and geographical levels. Objective 5: Promote accessibility and efficient flow and exchange of information on invertebrates within and between the scientific and public domains; Objective 6: Promote inclusion of a fully representative variety of invertebrate species in conservation and environmental management decisions, including integration of invertebrate conservation into existing and future conservation strategies involving other organisms Objective 7: Build scientific and technical capacity for the conservation of invertebrates and identify areas of urgent further research. The Strategy includes a chapter outlining issues and threats to invertebrate conservation (inventory, mapping; preventing habitat destruction, invasive species, etc.), followed by a list of key Actions for responding to each issue. Source: European Strategy for the Conservation of Invertebrates (Haslett 2007)
• There are common threats to a group of species. 16 3. When should a SCS be developed? • There are limited resources for or interest in multiple plans for individual species in a group. Multi-species strategies would most commonly be prepared for a group of related species (e.g., the Asian Wild Cattle and Buffaloes Conservation Strategy described in Chapter 2), but it might also be beneficial to design such strategies for a group of species that have common ecological roles e.g., pollinators), share habitat (e.g., reef fish), are linked by strong ecological relationships (e.g., a predator and its prey), or face similar threats in similar areas and at similar spatial scales (e.g., cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus) and African wild dogs (Lycaon pictus); IUCN/SSC in press). It may also be appropriate to develop a higher level SCS for a group of species, with more detailed species-specific SCSs for a few representative, threatened, or focal species from the group. As more species are included, the SCS may take on more of the characteristics of an areabased conservation plan (e.g., Bottrill and Pressey in press), as the Objectives and Actions will often be focused more on protection of the areas of habitat on which the suite of species depends than on measures to protect each species individually. If the group of species is vulnerable to a common threat (e.g., over-exploitation), however, then a threat-based SCS might be needed to address the cause of the threat (e.g., by reducing demand) beyond just protecting areas of habitat. Usually there will not be a rigid demarcation between speciescentred conservation plans, area-based plans, and threat-based plans, with plans focused at any of these dimensions often requiring attention to the others as well. For example, a conservation strategy for an important conservation area will often need to include specific Actions to protect a few keystone species within it, while a SCS will need to ensure that the ecological communities and systems on which the species depends continue to maintain their structure and function. Finally, we note that a species-focused conservation strategy may not be appropriate at all for some very speciose groups, if there are insufficient data to define threats to any of the species, or if the different species have ecologies, threats, and conservation needs that are too dissimilar to be addressed within a common strategy.
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IUCN, International Union for Conse
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