Gang Deconstruction

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Brief Review of State Definitions of Gang Crime National Gang Center Page 17 of 34 December 2016 (States that have been highlighted in gray DO NOT have enhanced penalties for gang crimes.) STATE TERM(S) DEFINITION ENUMERATED/ELUCIDATED VIOLATIONS Idaho § 18-8502 Pattern of criminal gang activity “the commission, attempted commission, or solicitation of two (2) or more of the following offenses, provided that the offenses are committed on separate occasions or by two (2) or more gang members” • Robbery • Arson • Burglary • Murder or manslaughter • Any violation . . . that involves possession with intent to deliver, distribute, deliver, or manufacture of a prohibited substance • Any unlawful use or possession a weapon, bomb, or destructive device • Assault and battery • Criminal solicitation • Computer crime • Theft • Evidence falsified or concealed and witnesses intimidated or bribed • Forgery and counterfeiting • Gambling • Kidnapping • Mayhem • Prostitution • Rape • Racketeering • Malicious harassment • Terrorism • Money laundering and illegal investment • Sexual abuse of a child under the age of sixteen years • Sexual exploitation of a child • Lewd conduct with a minor child under sixteen • Sexual battery of a minor child sixteen or seventeen years of age • Escape or rescue of prisoners • Riot • Disturbing the peace • Malicious injury to property • Injuring jails • Injury by graffiti • Human trafficking
Brief Review of State Definitions of Gang Crime National Gang Center Page 18 of 34 December 2016 (States that have been highlighted in gray DO NOT have enhanced penalties for gang crimes.) STATE TERM(S) DEFINITION ENUMERATED/ELUCIDATED VIOLATIONS Illinois § 740 ILCS 147/10 Illinois § 725 ILCS 173/5 Course or pattern of criminal activity “2 or more gang-related criminal offenses committed in whole or in part within this State when: (1) at least one such offense was committed after the effective date of this Act; (2) both offenses were committed within 5 years of each other; and (3) at least one offense involved the solicitation to commit, conspiracy to commit, attempt to commit, or commission of any offense defined as a felony or forcible felony” Gang crime “any criminal offense committed by a member of a ‘gang’ as that term is defined in Section 10 of the Illinois Streetgang Terrorism Omnibus Prevention Act when the offense is in furtherance of any activity, enterprise, pursuit, or undertaking of a gang” • “‘Course or pattern of criminal activity’ also means one or more acts of criminal defacement of property under Section 21-1.3 of the Criminal Code of 1961 or the Criminal Code of 2012, if the defacement includes a sign or other symbol intended to identify the street gang” • “‘Street gang-related’ or ‘gang-related’ means any criminal activity, enterprise, pursuit, or undertaking directed by, ordered by, authorized by, consented to, agreed to, requested by, acquiesced in, or ratified by any gang leader, officer, or governing or policy-making person or authority, or by any agent, representative, or deputy of any such officer, person, or authority: (1) With the intent to increase the gang’s size, membership, prestige, dominance, or control in any geographical area; or (2) With the intent to provide the gang with any advantage in, or any control or dominance over any criminal market sector, including but not limited to, the manufacture, delivery, or sale of controlled substances or cannabis; arson or arson-for-hire; traffic in stolen property or stolen credit cards; traffic in prostitution, obscenity, or pornography; or that involves robbery, burglary, or theft; or (3) With the intent to exact revenge or retribution for the gang or any member of the gang; or (4) With the intent to obstruct justice, or intimidate or eliminate any witness against the gang or any member of the gang; or (5) With the intent to otherwise directly or indirectly cause any benefit, aggrandizement, gain, profit or other advantage whatsoever to or for the gang, its reputation, influence, or membership” N/A
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Turning the Improbable Into the Exc
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6. 1 We disseminate Quarterly publi
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History In discussing the banditry
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The Russian, Chechen, Azerbaijani,
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"street gangs had strong links to p
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the gang itself, or in other crimin
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e burned on as well as inked. Some
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Gang membership was also associated
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Juvenile Gangs Youth gangs are comp
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United States. The US treasury depa
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installations both domestic and int
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Postwar Growth and Change: 1940-199
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continued unabated in the 1980s and
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Born to Kill Brothers' Circle Cal
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The Jersey Crew Tijuana Cartel Tiny
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criminal street gang activity natur
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Page 54 and 55: and lack of opportunity for working
Page 56 and 57: Jobs and Education The Answer The r
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Page 62 and 63: Caracas, July 15, 2015 (venezuelana
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Page 128 and 129: schools that serve high-risk studen
Page 130 and 131: Sources Decker, S. H., and Lauritse
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Gottfredson, G.D., Gottfredson, D.C
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Redl, F. 1945. The psychology of ga
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U.S. Department of Justice Office o
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Advocacy Foundation Publishers Page
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Issue Title Quarterly Vol. I 2015 T
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Issue Title Quarterly Vol. V 2019 O
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LI Nonprofit Confidentiality In The
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Vol. XVIII 2032 Public Policy LXXVI
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Legal Missions International Page 1
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XVII Russia Q-1 2019 XVIII Australi
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The e-Advocate Newsletter Genesis o
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Extras The Nonprofit Advisors Group
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www.TheAdvocacyFoundation.org Page
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