Gang Deconstruction

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Brief Review of State Definitions of Gang National Gang Center Page 9 of 34 December 2016 STATE TERM(S) GROUPING NUMBER FORMALITY PURPOSE OR ACTIVITY IDENTIFIERS Iowa § 723A.1 Kansas § 21-6313 Kentucky § 506.140 Louisiana § 15:1404 Maryland Criminal Law Article § 9-801 Criminal street gang Criminal street gang Organization, association, or group Organization, association, or group Criminal gang Alliance, network, or conspiracy Criminal street gang Organization, association, or group Criminal gang Group or association 3 or more persons 3 or more persons 5 or more persons 3 or more persons 3 or more persons Formal or informal Formal or informal “having as one of its primary activities the commission of one or more criminal acts . . . and whose members individually or collectively engage in or have engaged in a pattern of criminal gang activity” “having as one of its primary activities the commission of one or more person felonies, person misdemeanors, felony violations of K.S.A. 21-5701 through 21-5717, and amendments thereto, any felony violation of the uniform controlled substances act . . ., or the comparable juvenile offenses, which if committed by an adult would constitute the commission of such felonies or misdemeanors; . . . and whose members, individually or collectively, engage in or have engaged in the commission, attempted commission, conspiracy to commit, or solicitation of two or more person felonies, person misdemeanors, felony violations of K.S.A. 21-5701 through 21-5717, and amendments thereto, any felony violation of any provision of the uniform controlled substances act prior to July 1, 2009, or the comparable juvenile offenses, which if committed by an adult would constitute the commission of such felonies or misdemeanors or any substantially similar offense from another jurisdiction” N/A “that, through its membership or through the action of any member, engages in a continuing pattern of criminal activity. ‘Criminal gang’ shall not include fraternal organizations, unions, corporations, associations, or similar entities, unless organized for the primary purpose of engaging in criminal activity” Formal or informal “which has as one of its primary activities the commission of one or more of the criminal acts . . . or . . ., whose members individually or collectively engage in or have engaged in a pattern of criminal gang activity” N/A “whose members individually or collectively engage in a pattern of criminal gang activity; have as one of their primary objectives or activities the commission of one or more underlying crimes, including acts by juveniles that would be underlying crimes if committed by adults; and have in common . . .” Identifiable name or identifying sign or symbol Common name or common identifying sign or symbol An established hierarchy Or has a common name, or common identifying sign or symbol an overt or covert organizational or command structure
Brief Review of State Definitions of Gang National Gang Center Page 10 of 34 December 2016 STATE TERM(S) GROUPING NUMBER FORMALITY PURPOSE OR ACTIVITY IDENTIFIERS Michigan § 750.411u § 750.411v Minnesota § 609.229 Mississippi § 97-44-3 Missouri § 578.421 Montana § 45-8-402 Nebraska § 43-245 Nevada § 193.168 Gang Organization, association, or group Criminal gang Organization, association, or group Street gang Gang Organized gang Criminal street gang Criminal street gang Criminal street gang Combination, confederation, alliance, network conspiracy, understanding, or other similar conjoining Organization, association, or group Organization, association, or group 5 or more people 3 or more persons 3 or more persons 3 or more persons 3 or more persons N/A “. . . other than a nonprofit organization . . .” . . . identifies itself by all of the following: • A unifying mark, manner, protocol, or method of expressing membership, including a common name, sign, or symbol, means of recognition, geographical or territorial sites, or boundary or location • An established leadership or command structure • Defined membership criteria Formal or informal “has as one of its primary activities the commission of one or more of the offenses . . . and includes members who individually or collectively engage in or have engaged in a pattern of criminal gang activity” N/A “with an established hierarchy that, through its membership or through the agency of any member engages in felonious criminal activity” Formal or Informal Formal or informal “having as one of its primary activities the commission of one or more criminal acts . . . whose members individually or collectively engage in or have engaged in a pattern of criminal gang activity” “having as one of its primary activities the commission of one or more of the criminal acts . . . and whose members individually or collectively engage in or have engaged in a pattern of criminal gang activity” Common name, or common identifying sign or symbol N/A Common name, or common identifying sign or symbol Common name, or common identifying sign or symbol Criminal street gang Group 3 or more people N/A “whose group identity or purposes include engaging in illegal activities” Common identifying name, sign, or symbol Criminal gang Any combination N/A Formal or “so constructed that the organization will continue its operation even Common name or identifying of persons informal if individual members enter or leave the organization, which . . . has symbol
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Turning the Improbable Into the Exc
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6. 1 We disseminate Quarterly publi
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History In discussing the banditry
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The Russian, Chechen, Azerbaijani,
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"street gangs had strong links to p
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the gang itself, or in other crimin
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e burned on as well as inked. Some
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Gang membership was also associated
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Juvenile Gangs Youth gangs are comp
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United States. The US treasury depa
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installations both domestic and int
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Postwar Growth and Change: 1940-199
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continued unabated in the 1980s and
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Page 44 and 45: Born to Kill Brothers' Circle Cal
Page 46 and 47: The Jersey Crew Tijuana Cartel Tiny
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Page 50 and 51: criminal street gang activity natur
Page 54 and 55: and lack of opportunity for working
Page 56 and 57: Jobs and Education The Answer The r
Page 60 and 61: The group also engages in extortion
Page 62 and 63: Caracas, July 15, 2015 (venezuelana
Page 66 and 67: prevention focuses more on the situ
Page 68 and 69: program's primary objective is prev
Page 70 and 71: law enforcement agencies reported g
Page 72 and 73: 2013, OJJDP made Community-Based Vi
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Page 82 and 83: Notes _____________________________
Page 86 and 87: BRIEF REVIEW OF FEDERAL AND STATE D
Page 88 and 89: Brief Review of State Definitions o
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Page 124 and 125: While little research has been cond
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Page 128 and 129: schools that serve high-risk studen
Page 130 and 131: Sources Decker, S. H., and Lauritse
Page 134 and 135: U.S. Department of Justice Office o
Page 136 and 137: Table 1. Gang Membership by Study L
Page 138 and 139: Ethnicity In many large cities, the
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Prevention and intervention efforts
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This bulletin provides examples of
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A Model for Prevention Before choos
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a range of issues, including substa
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Gottfredson, G.D., Gottfredson, D.C
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Redl, F. 1945. The psychology of ga
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U.S. Department of Justice Office o
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Advocacy Foundation Publishers Page
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Issue Title Quarterly Vol. I 2015 T
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Issue Title Quarterly Vol. V 2019 O
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LI Nonprofit Confidentiality In The
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Vol. XVIII 2032 Public Policy LXXVI
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Legal Missions International Page 1
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XVII Russia Q-1 2019 XVIII Australi
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The e-Advocate Newsletter Genesis o
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Extras The Nonprofit Advisors Group
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www.TheAdvocacyFoundation.org Page
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