Gang Deconstruction

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Brief Review of State Definitions of Gang Crime National Gang Center Page 19 of 34 December 2016 (States that have been highlighted in gray DO NOT have enhanced penalties for gang crimes.) STATE TERM(S) DEFINITION ENUMERATED/ELUCIDATED VIOLATIONS Iowa § 723A.1 Kansas § 21-6313 Kentucky § 506.140 Pattern of criminal gang activity Criminal street gang activity Continuing pattern of criminal activity “means the commission, attempt to commit, conspiring to commit, or solicitation or two or more criminal acts, provided the criminal acts were committed on separate dates or by two or more persons who are members of, or belong to, the same criminal street gang” “the commission or attempted commission of, or solicitation or conspiracy to commit, one or more person felonies, person misdemeanors, felony violations of K.S.A. 21-5701 through 21-5717, and amendments thereto, any felony violation of any provision of the uniform controlled substances act prior to July 1, 2009, or the comparable juvenile offenses, which if committed by an adult would constitute the commission of such felonies or misdemeanors on separate occasions” “a conviction by any member or members of a criminal gang for the commission, attempt, or solicitation of two (2) or more felony offenses, the commission of two (2) or more violent misdemeanor offenses, or a combination of at least one (1) of these felony offenses and one (1) of these violent misdemeanor offenses, on separate occasions within a two (2)-year period for the purpose of furthering gang activity” 1. “Criminal acts” means any of the following or any combination of the following: a. An offense constituting a violation of section 124.401 involving a controlled substance, a counterfeit substance, or a simulated controlled substance b. An offense constituting a violation of chapter 711 involving a robbery or extortion c. An offense constituting a violation of section 708.6 involving intimidation with a dangerous weapon d. An offense constituting a violation of section 708.8 e. An offense constituting a violation of section 720.4 f. Any other offense constituting a forcible felony as defined in section 702.11 g. An offense constituting a violation of chapter 724 h. Brandishing a dangerous weapon N/A “Violent misdemeanor offense” means KRS 508.030, 508.050, 508.070, 508.080, 508.120, 508.150, 509.030, and 509.080”
Brief Review of State Definitions of Gang Crime National Gang Center Page 20 of 34 December 2016 (States that have been highlighted in gray DO NOT have enhanced penalties for gang crimes.) STATE TERM(S) DEFINITION ENUMERATED/ELUCIDATED VIOLATIONS Louisiana § 15:1404 Maryland Criminal Law Article § 9-801 Minnesota § 617.91 Pattern of criminal gang activity Pattern of criminal gang activity “the commission or attempted commission of two or more of the following offenses, provided that the offenses occurred within a three-year period, and the offenses are committed on separate occasions by two or more persons” “means the commission of, attempted commission of, conspiracy to commit, or solicitation of two or more underlying crimes or acts by a juvenile that would be an underlying crime if committed by an adult, provided the crimes or acts were not part of the same incident” • Aggravated battery or second-degree battery • Armed robbery • First- or second-degree murder or manslaughter • Sale, possession for sale, transportation, manufacture, offer for sale, or offer to manufacture controlled substances • Illegal use of weapons or dangerous instrumentalities • Aggravated arson • Intimidating, impeding, or injuring witnesses; or injuring officers • Theft of any vehicle, trailer, or vessel • Assault by drive-by shooting • Riot or inciting to riot • Aggravated criminal damage to property • Simple burglary • Looting (f) “Underlying crime” means: (1) a crime of violence as defined under § 14-101 of this article; (2) a violation of § 3-203 (second-degree assault), § 4-203 (wearing, carrying, or transporting a handgun), § 9-302 (inducing false testimony or avoidance of subpoena), § 9-303 (retaliation for testimony), § 9-305 (intimidating or corrupting juror), § 11-303 (human trafficking), § 11-304 (receiving earnings of a prostitute), or § 11-306 (a)(2), (3), or (4) (house of prostitution) of this article; (3) a felony violation of § 3-701 (extortion), § 4-503 (manufacture or possession of destructive device), § 5-602 (distribution of CDS), § 5-603 (manufacturing CDS or equipment), § 6-103 (second-degree arson), § 6-202 (first-degree burglary), § 6-203 (second-degree burglary), § 6-204 (third-degree burglary), § 7-104 (theft), or § 7-105 (unauthorized use of a motor vehicle) of this article; or (4) a felony violation of § 5-133 of the Public Safety Article Gang activity • criminal damage to property in the first or second degree under section • disorderly conduct under section 609.72; or • unlawful possession of a firearm by a minor under section 624.713, “the commission of one or more of the offenses” • offenses listed in section 609.11, subdivision 9; 609.595, subdivision 1 or 1a; • trespass under section 609.605; subdivision 1, clause (1)
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Turning the Improbable Into the Exc
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6. 1 We disseminate Quarterly publi
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History In discussing the banditry
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The Russian, Chechen, Azerbaijani,
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"street gangs had strong links to p
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the gang itself, or in other crimin
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e burned on as well as inked. Some
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Gang membership was also associated
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Juvenile Gangs Youth gangs are comp
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United States. The US treasury depa
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installations both domestic and int
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Postwar Growth and Change: 1940-199
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continued unabated in the 1980s and
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Born to Kill Brothers' Circle Cal
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The Jersey Crew Tijuana Cartel Tiny
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criminal street gang activity natur
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Page 54 and 55: and lack of opportunity for working
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Page 60 and 61: The group also engages in extortion
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Page 128 and 129: schools that serve high-risk studen
Page 130 and 131: Sources Decker, S. H., and Lauritse
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Redl, F. 1945. The psychology of ga
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U.S. Department of Justice Office o
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Advocacy Foundation Publishers Page
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Issue Title Quarterly Vol. I 2015 T
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Issue Title Quarterly Vol. V 2019 O
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LI Nonprofit Confidentiality In The
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Vol. XVIII 2032 Public Policy LXXVI
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Legal Missions International Page 1
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XVII Russia Q-1 2019 XVIII Australi
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The e-Advocate Newsletter Genesis o
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Extras The Nonprofit Advisors Group
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www.TheAdvocacyFoundation.org Page
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