Dominican Medicinal Plants: A Guide for Health Care Providers

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PART 3 MEDICINAL PLANT MONOGRAPHS: BOTANICAL SPECIES USED MEDICINALLY BY DOMINICAN IMMIGRANTS IN NEW YORK CITY Herb profiles are listed in alphabetical order according to the most frequently reported Spanish common name based on ethnomedical interviews. 54
Aguacate OTHER COMMON NAMES Hojas de aguacate (Spanish); avocado (English). SCIENTIFIC NAME Persea americana Mill. [Lauraceae (Laurel Family)]. DOMINICAN MEDICINAL USES In ethnobotanical studies conducted in New York City, Dominican interview participants reported using or knowing about the use of this food plant as a remedy for the following health conditions or effects (Yukes et al. 2002-2003): - Abortifacient - Arthritis - Diabetes - Diarrhea - Intestinal parasites - Intestinal worms - Menstrual cramps (dysmenorrhea) - Vaginal infections Plant Part Used: Leaves, seed and fruit. Traditional Preparation: The leaves are typically prepared as a tea. To prepare an infusion, a handful of leaves are steeped in 8 oz boiling water for 15-20 minutes; a small cupful (roughly 2 oz) is taken orally 2- 3 times daily. The seed may be crushed or pulverized and ingested or boiled in water as a decoction. The fruit is highly nutritious and commonly eaten raw. Traditional Uses: The leaves of aguacate morado (the dark-skinned variety) are used for arthritis and menstrual cramps. The seed is described as a bitter herbal remedy that is sometimes perceived to be poisonous and has been used for contraception. The leaves are sometimes combined with sweet orange (naranja) leaves when prepared as a tea or an infusion. Availability: In New York City, aguacate fruits are sold in grocery stores and neighborhood markets (bodegas). The dried leaves are often available at botánicas that sell herbal remedies. BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION Aguacate (Persea americana) is a tropical evergreen tree or shrub that can grow 20-30 m tall. Leaves of this tree grow in an alternate pattern and are simple, narrow, elliptical and pointed (10-20 cm long). Flowers are small and light green. Fruits are pear-shaped with glossy green or purple skin and contain light green or yellowish flesh of a buttery consistency with a single large, inedible seed (Bailey Hortorium Staff 1976). Distribution: The range of this tree extends throughout tropical America, most likely originating in Central and South America, and it is cultivated widely in the Caribbean (Bailey Hortorium Staff 1976). SAFETY & PRECAUTIONS 55
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DOMINICAN MEDICINAL PLANTS: A GUIDE
Page 3 and 4: Este libro está dedicado a la comu
Page 5 and 6: Gilda Pérez. We thank the Rosentha
Page 7 and 8: PART 1 INTRODUCTION AND HOW TO USE
Page 9 and 10: York Poison Control Center. Support
Page 11 and 12: controlled clinical trials is given
Page 13 and 14: Heading DOMINICAN MEDICINAL USES Pl
Page 15 and 16: comparing these specimens with herb
Page 17 and 18: PART 2: QUICK GUIDE TO HOME REMEDIE
Page 19 and 20: Warfarin: fruit may inhibit anticoa
Page 21 and 22: Clinical Data No human clinical tri
Page 23 and 24: analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antim
Page 25 and 26: Safety The fruit is generally consi
Page 27 and 28: for allergic reaction in gluten-sen
Page 29 and 30: Fruit. Dominican Medicinal Uses The
Page 31 and 32: oxide formation, serine proteinase
Page 33 and 34: Caffeine has been investigated in h
Page 35 and 36: Entire plant shown to be hepatotoxi
Page 37 and 38: Warfarin (risk of bleeding). Clinic
Page 39 and 40: Flecha An aromatic, alcohol-based l
Page 41 and 42: Plant Part Used Leaf. Dominican Med
Page 43 and 44: disease, hypertension, menopausal h
Page 45 and 46: Leaf: decoction, orally, for pain,
Page 47 and 48: oil, topically, for sinus infection
Page 49 and 50: * See entry for Roble in “Part 3:
Page 51 and 52: Aqueous root extract given at moder
Page 53: See Hierba mora. Zanahoria* Carrot
Page 57 and 58: infections and cough (based on sign
Page 59 and 60: Activity/Effect Preparation Design
Page 61 and 62: Craigmill AL, Seawright AA, Mattila
Page 63 and 64: Availability: As a popular culinary
Page 65 and 66: Clinical Data: Capsicum spp. Activi
Page 67 and 68: Cruz L, Castaneda-Hernandez G, Nava
Page 69 and 70: - Upper or lower respiratory tract
Page 75 and 76: Roberge RJ, Leckey R, Spence R, Kre
Page 77 and 78: estrogenic effect in the human body
Page 79 and 80: Laboratory and Preclinical Data: Se
Page 81 and 82: Effect Not Demonstrated Activity/Ef
Page 83 and 84: Yukes JE, Balick MJ, Kronenberg F,
Page 85 and 86: Laboratory and Preclinical Data: Oc
Page 87 and 88: Duke JA, Beckstrom-Sternberg SM. 19
Page 89 and 90: For treating sinusitis and headache
Page 91 and 92: Laboratory and Preclinical Data: Ci
Page 93 and 94: Traditional Preparation: The leaves
Page 95 and 96: Poso H, Wichmann K, Janne J, Luukka
Page 97 and 98: scavenging and wound healing (see
Page 99 and 100: REFERENCES Aires V, Adote S, Hicham
Page 101 and 102: mixtures and decocted or tinctured
Page 103 and 104: Laboratory and Preclinical Data: Am
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Mirone C, Albert F, Tosi A, Mocchet
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Drug Interactions: The effects of s
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Activity/Effect Preparation Study d
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Lewith GT, Godfrey AD, Prescott P.
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Contraindications: Internal use is
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Lores RI, Pujol MC. 1990. as cited
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Adverse effects in infants have bee
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Activity Preparation Study design R
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Sahraei H, Ghoshooni H, Hossein Sal
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Distinguishing Characteristics of C
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Activity/Effect Preparation Design
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- Stomach disorders Plant Part Used
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In ethnobotanical studies conducted
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Clinical Data: Chenopodium ambrosio
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Kishore NJ, Chansouria JP, Dubey NK
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Apio (Apium graveolens) is a bienni
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For the species Cucurbita pepo: Cal
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that more investigation is needed t
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Germosén-Robineau L, ed. 1995. Hac
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Fruits are 7-12 mm long, narrowly o
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Hallfrisch J, Scholfield DJ, Behall
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avoid bruising and exposure to mois
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Yukes JE, Balick MJ, Kronenberg F,
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- Limpiar la sangre - Menopausal ho
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Hiller K. 1987. as cited in Germos
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SAFETY & PRECAUTIONS As a widely co
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- Bronchitis - Common cold - Cough
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Goda Y, Hoshino K, Akiyama H, Ishik
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25 g of butter) administered orally
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Germosén-Robineau L, ed. 2005. Far
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Availability: In New York City, the
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Liogier AH. 1985. La Flora de la Es
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enzoic acid, p-hydroxycinnamic acid
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Supratman U, Fujita T, Akiyama K, H
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orally; this recommendation is base
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Perez C, Anesini C. 1994. as cited
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Contraindications: Unknown; insuffi
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Gleason H and Cronquist A. 1991. Ma
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Traditional Uses: Café seeds are t
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Laboratory and Preclinical Data: Co
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SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE In laboratory
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Cañafístula OTHER COMMON NAMES Go
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Clinical Data: Cinnamomum verum Act
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In ethnobotanical studies conducted
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Antinociceptive & antiinflammatory
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Signs of intoxication from ingestin
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Coriander (English). SCIENTIFIC NAM
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Blumenthal M, Busse WR, Goldberg A,
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the following nutrients: calcium, c
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Traditional Preparation: To prepare
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Gruenwald J, Brendler T, Jaenicke C
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Clinical Data: Vaccinium macrocarpo
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Grant P. 2004. Warfarin and cranber
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The wood of is also good for cleans
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REFERENCES Balick MJ, Kronenberg F,
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leaf-edges. Flowers grow singly and
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Dans AM, Villarruz MV, Jimeno CA, J
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facilities, some respondents report
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Eucalipto OTHER COMMON NAMES Eucaly
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Laboratory and Preclinical Data: Eu
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Distribution: This plant is native
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Caceres A, Cano O, Samayoa B, Aguil
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In one human clinical trial conduct
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nervios), a sedative tea is prepare
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Rolland et al. 1988. as cited in Ge
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- Vaginal infections Plant Part Use
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and can be taken as a remedy for la
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- Skin disorders - Upper or lower r
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Hierba Mora OTHER COMMON NAMES Yerb
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Clinical Data: Solanum americanum A
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Sultana S, Perwaiz S, Iqbal M, Atha
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calcium channel blockers and antihy
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Hawthorn M, Ferrante J, Lchowski E,
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Plant Part Used: Seeds and the oil
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Okwuasaba FK, Osunkwo UA, Ekwenchi
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Traditional Uses: Hinojo is associa
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Blumenthal M, Busse WR, Goldberg A,
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BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION Jagua (Genipa
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- Childbirth - labor pain - Fever -
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Clinical Data: Zingiber officinale
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Bhandari U, Shamsher AA, Pillai KK,
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Kar A, Choudhary BK, Bandyopadhyay
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Sugaya A, Tsuda T, Sugaya E, Usami
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along the sides of branches with wh
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the unripe fruit administered intra
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U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agr
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present in the citrus fruit rind. S
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Murcia MA, Jiménez AM, Martínez-T
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greater than the estimated correspo
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Duke JA, Beckstrom-Sternberg SM. 19
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Plant Part Used: Leaves. Traditiona
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SCIENTIFIC NAME Agave spp.; most co
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- Abortifacient - Contraception - I
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Balick MJ, Kronenberg F, Ososki AL,
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± 1.46 g/kg when administered intr
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Traditional Uses: Manzana is consid
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Laboratory and Preclinical Data: Ch
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BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION Naranja agria
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REFERENCES Allison DB, Cutter G, Po
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or blockage of the digestive tract,
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Orégano Poleo OTHER COMMON NAMES O
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- Inflammation - Limpiar el sistema
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SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE Medline liter
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and as a source of sugar whereas th
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Boettger-Tong H, Shipley G, Hsu CJ,
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Distribution: Originally native to
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Dominican Republic, a decoction of
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- Uterine fibroids - Wounds Plant P
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Laboratory and Preclinical Data: Al
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Lee KH, Kim JH, Lim DS, Kim CH. 200
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active compounds include pyridine a
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- Nightsweats - Prostate disorders
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DOMINICAN MEDICINAL USES In ethnobo
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Yildirim A, Mavi A, Oktay M, Kara A
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Effect Not Demonstrated Activity/Ef
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to tomillo have been reported; howe
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Mikus J, Harkenthal M, Steverding D
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SAFETY & PRECAUTIONS The fruit and
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Laboratory and Preclinical Data: Ci
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Grenier J, Fradette C, Morelli G, M
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- Leukemia - Menstrual disorders -
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Clinical Data: Uncaria tomentosa Ac
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Carvalho MV, Penido C, Siani AC, Va
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Sandoval-Chacon M, Thompson JH, Zha
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SAFETY & PRECAUTIONS TRAMIL describ
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- Liver disorders - Menopausal hot
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Kumarasamy Y, Cox PJ, Jaspars M, Na
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mL milliliter(s) mm millimeter(s) m
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Divided: Cut into distinct parts, a
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such as ferns and cycads Stamen: Th
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Dominican Medicinal Plants: A Guide for Health Care Providers

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