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Electric Potential Difference
5.2 The Equipotential surfaces
As the electric field can be represented graphically by lines of force, the
potential distribution in an electric field may be represented graphically by
equipotential surfaces.
The equipotential surface is a surface such that the potential has the same
value at all points on the surface. i.e. V B -V A = zero for any two points on
one surface.
The work is required to move a test charge between any two points on an
equipotential surface is zero. (Explain why?)
In all cases the equipotential surfaces are at right angles to the lines of force
and thus to E. (Explain why?)
E
E
Figure 5.3 (a)
Figure 5.3 (b)
Figure 5.3 shows the equipotential surfaces (dashed lines) and the electric
field lines (bold lines), (a) for uniform electric field and (b) for electric
field due to a positive charge.
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