SSG No 20 - Shipgaz

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The precursors of the modern bulk carrier H aving a deadweight in excess of 20,000 tons, the cargo vessels Amerikaland and Svealand were the largest cargo vessels afloat when they were in 1925 handed over to the Swedish ship owner Ångfartygs Aktiebolaget Tirfing. The design featured many new innovations, and in combination with their enormous size the vessels were in many respects forerunners, paving the way for the pure bulk carrier. On January 23, 1914, just six months before the outbreak of World War I, the Swedish ship owner Dan Broström signed a contract with the US steel manufacturer Bethlehem Steel Company on building two 17,000 DWT steamers. They were to be employed for 20 years on the iron ore trade from Cruz Grande, Chile, to the company’s steel works on the US East coast via the Panama Canal, which was opened in 1914. But the war interrupted this interesting project. It was not until September 1922 that a new contract was signed. Now the size of the two vessels had grown to 20,600 DWT, and they were due for delivery in 1925. Due to the “advantageous rate of exchange for Swedish currency and the low quotations received from the German shipyards” the vessels were ordered from Deutsche Werft AG in Germany rather than from Sweden. The possibility to build the vessels at Götaverken had been thoroughly investigated. In addition to a higher price this would also have demanded an extension of the shipyard, as the newbuildings were twice as large as the vessels built so far. The Svealand was handed over to the Tirfing Steamship Company on April 9, 1925, and the sister Amerikaland on June 29. The 171 m long and 22 m wide vessels were exceptional in many aspects, not least their size. They were the largest cargo vessels built so far and among the first to be equipped with steel hatch covers. The hatchways were large to enable rapid cargo handling. Two Burmeister & Wain-type diesel engines manufactured in Germany gave them a service speed of 11 knots fully loaded with a fuel consumption of 19.5 tons a day. They were no doubt also exceptionally efficient. A voyage from Chile to Baltimore could be made in 19 days and the vessels could be discharged in 16 to 18 hours. For the Amerikaland World War II HÅKAN SJÖSTRÖM ended the fulfilment of the 20-year charter. During a ballast voyage from Sparrows Point to Cruz Crande she was sunk by the German u-boat U 106 on February 2, 1942. Five seamen lost their lives after spending several days in lifeboats on the cold and stormy sea. For the Svealand the charter to Bethlehem Steel continued until the end of 1948. In 1951 she underwent an extensive refit at Götaverken in Göteborg, including installation of new main engines. The Svealand continued sailing for Broströms until 1968, when the 43-year-old vessel was sold to a company in Liberia. The deal was never closed and instead the German company Eckhardt & Co bought her in 1969 for scrap. In the same year she was sold further to a Panama-registered company and left Hamburg under her own power renamed Svea. After that her fate is unknown, even though it was reported that she would be broken up. In a fleet list in the Båtologen magazine Tomas Johannesson writes that it is not impossible that she continued sailing in the Chinese waters or was used as a floating storage for some further years. pär-henrik sjöström 86 SCANDINAVIAN SHIPPING GAZETTE • OCTOBER 26, 2007
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SSG No 20 - Shipgaz

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