European Journal of Scientific Research - EuroJournals

365 E. N. Al-kaissi, M. Makki and M. Al- Khoja
Table 2: Macroscopic appearance of stool specimens
Visual examination
Stool consistency
Total
Liquid Semi-liquid
No. % No. % No. %
Blood 15 7.5 5 2.5 20 10
Pus 22 11 13 6.5 35 17.5
Mucus 12 6 4 2 16 8
Blood+Pus+Mucus 4 2 1 0.5 5 2.5
None 26 13 98 49 124 62
Methods of feeding: Table (3) shows that 30% of the admitted cases of diarrhea were
exclusively on breast milk. The rate gets higher 35.5% when children over one year of age were
excluded.
Table 3: Methods of feeding 12 months of age in mild, moderate-severe cases
Methods of feeding
Mid cases Moderate sever cases Control cases
Number Percentage Number Percentage Number Percentage
Artificial 568 28 68 44.4 25.4 39
Mixed 405 20 31 20.1 13.4 20
Breast 1055 52 54 35.5 61.2 94
Total 2028 100 143 100 100 153
Staying in hospital and outcome: No single mortality was reported in this study, the range of
the staying in the hospital was 1-7 days, with an average of 3.1 days. The family responding toward
staying is recorded in Table (4) were 66% of the families had stay for adequate time and 13% refused
to stay.
Table 4: family behavior toward staying in ORT center
Family behavior Number of families Pecentage
Refuse to stay in the ORT center 26 13%
Stay inadequate time ≤2h 36 18%
Stay inadequate time≥2h 132 66%
Referred to hospital ORT failure 6 3%
Total 200 100
Blood culture: It was able to draw enough blood for blood culture in 78.5% of the cases. Three
cultures only turned out significantly positive and Salmonella typhi, Salmonella paratyphi and E. coli
were isolate. The rest of the cultures were either negative or contaminated bacteria were isolated.
Aetiology of diarrhea
(A) Isolation of enteric pathogens and quality control specimens
Enteric pathogens contained in the quality control specimens who were transported through the
specimen delivery system were regularly recovered. These included the more fastidious organisms
such as Shigella and Campylobacter. Most of bacterial pathogens can be re-isolated at concentrations
of 10 2 or higher organisms per gram of stool except Campylobacter which were usually isolated at
concentration of 10 4 or higher organisms per gram of stool. These procedures were employed to assess
the effect of transportation on the efficiency of isolation of enteric pathogens in the laboratory and also
to act as an internal control for the methods of isolation of these pathogens.