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aFleet, aP1); CleanupStack::PushL(self); self->ConstructL(); CleanupStack::Pop(self); return self; } CMyFleetView::CMyFleetView(CFleetViewData& aFleetViewData, TFleet& aFleet, TBool aP1) :CFleetView(aFleetViewData, aFleet) { if (aP1) iViewUid = KP1MyViewUID; else iViewUid = KP2MyViewUID; } Note CMyFleetView has no functions to handle pointer or keyboard input: the only thing that the user can do is to look at it. COppFleetView, the opposition fleet class, is similar, but has the functions, as defined in Solo Ships, to handle input events. We now have two concrete view classes, each of which will be instantiated twice, making four objects in all. These objects will need to share a significant amount of data: the zoom factor, and all the data calculated from it, for border areas, tile size, and so on will be the same. C++ would allow me to make these static (i.e. class) members, but Symbian OS does not allow such writable static data. The alternative that I adopted was to encapsulate the data in a class CFleetView-Data, and give each view a pointer to the same, single instance of that class. 9.9.4 Hider View The final view in the application is the hider view, which is displayed between turns. I thought I'd display something prettier than a blank screen, and chose a bitmap of a real battleship in action. The second- phase constructor creates a bitmap object (CFbsBitmap), and loads the picture from the application's bitmap store (you'll see how to create such a store in <strong>Chapter</strong> 14). The view's Draw() function simply bit-blit's the bitmap to the view. Note Thanks to the U.S. Navy's Naval Historical Center for the 1906 photograph of the USS Connecticut. void CHiderView::ConstructL(const TRect& aRect) { CreateWindowL(); SetRect(aRect);
Create and load a bitmap iHideBitmap = new (ELeave) CFbsBitmap; // Get bitmap store--drive independent TFileName mbmName = iEikonEnv->EikAppUi()->Application()-> BitmapStoreName(); User::LeaveIfError(iHideBitmap->Load(mbmName,0)); ActivateL(); } void CHiderView::Draw(const TRect& /*aRect*/) const { SystemGc().BitBlt(TPoint(0,0),iHideBitmap); } 9.9.5 View Test Program To test that all my views work as expected, I wrote a little test application, tp-viewtest. This just defines a menu with options to activate the various views. To active a view, it calls CEikAppUi's Activate-ViewL() function, passing the target view ID. This is tpviewtest's menu command handler: void CAppUi::HandleCommandL(TInt aCommand) { _LIT8(KViewCmdData1, "P1 My"); _LIT8(KViewCmdData2, "P1 Opp"); _LIT8(KViewCmdData3, "P2 My"); _LIT8(KViewCmdData4, "P2 Opp"); switch (aCommand) { case ECmdViewPlayer1MyShips: ActivateViewL(TVwsViewId(KUidTpShips,KP1MyViewUID), KCmd1UID, KViewCmdData1); break; case ECmdViewPlayer1OppShips: ActivateViewL(TVwsViewId(KUidTpShips,KP1OppViewUID), KCmd2UID, KViewCmdData2); break; case ECmdViewPlayer2MyShips: ActivateViewL(TVwsViewId(KUidTpShips,KP2MyViewUID), KCmd1UID, KViewCmdData3); break;
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Table of Contents Symbian OS C++ fo
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Reprinted August 2003 All Rights Re
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� consultants, trainers, and auth
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Symbian OS C++ for Mobile Phones fo
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When you're ready to use the Symbia
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improvement. She has a reputation f
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John works in the partner projects
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If you've never seen Symbian OS bef
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within a particular application. In
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There are a number of other ways in
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programs - namely, to handle and re
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There is no need to trap the call t
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abld build winscw udeb The winscw p
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If you're curious, you might want t
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If your connectivity software does
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Chapter 2: System Structure Overvie
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Figure 2.2 Figure 2.3 Symbian OS OE
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Note Actually, for performance reas
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To be executed, an executable has t
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The kernel itself has two major com
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ROM handling is easy. The ROM consi
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You can control the stack size in a
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industry standard, slightly smaller
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A server also uses its own active o
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In order to minimize any difficulty
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� The top-level project name in t
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Title DLL Source Group Headers Desc
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Chapter 3: C++ and Object Orientati
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The fundamental rule is, use names
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Category Examples Description Const
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3.2.6 Summary Naming conventions ar
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Convenience functions are trivial w
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� When declaring a virtual functi
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used in preference to old style C c
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Java uses interfaces too: in Java,
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� Whether these are private or pu
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If the cardinality is not 1-to-1, t
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Figure 4.1 At the bottom is the GDI
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In addition to the four C++ classes
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In addition, as indicated by the SO
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Figure 4.3 SDK and then browse to t
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eturn KErrNone; } Important You mus
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private: // from CEikDocument CEikA
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ConstructL() performs second-phase
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hellogui's application view is a co
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The other things we haven't seen in
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form described above advertises the
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} RESOURCE TBUF r_hellogui_text_hel
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CQikAppUi::HandleWsEventL(const TWs
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4.9 Terminating the Application By
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debug stepping, variable watching,
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5.1 Strings and Memory To understan
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� HBufC* is a pointer to a heap-b
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strlen() doesn't include the traili
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The Des() function returns a TPtr c
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TBuf helloWorld(_L("hello")); greet
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TDes& parameters. Symbian OS itself
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5.4 More Text APIs Symbian OS uses
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encodings of Unicode that use seque
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Chapter 6: Error Handling and Clean
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Even user input errors can be handl
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Note It also demonstrates that the
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eak; So, the New 1 menu item alloca
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this line yourself, and then rerun
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case EMagicCmdNew2: delete iObject2
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If the new(ELeave) fails, then iObj
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If you're writing a function, and t
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} You can invoke these functions fr
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Any one of the calls to UseL() may
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case EMagicCmdUse4: { CY* y = new(E
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� Functions that can leave must o
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CZ::NewL() was actually coded waste
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TAny*. The cleanup code will deallo
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successfully). This means you have
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User::Leave(KErrNone). This appears
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systems outside my control, and res
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Chapter 7: Resource Files Overview
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Data Type Description BUF A Unicode
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} MENU_ITEM { command = EExampleCmd
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A single resource file supports 409
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Filename Description EeikCmdExit, a
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RESOURCE MENU_PANE r_hellogui_hello
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0E [uncompressed data run length] 0
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Chapter 8: Basic APIs Overview We'v
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IMPORT_C void Write(TInt aPos, cons
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_LIT8(KTxt2," world"); buf->InsertL
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Dynamic buffers are also used to st
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Class name Description [*] CArrayFi
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In v7.0, the structure of ROM image
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} In a function such as FormatList(
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library. The next few pages should
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Using this technique, your program
Page 185 and 186: � The original program consisted
Page 187 and 188: pointer, and no method of directly
Page 189 and 190: Figure 9.1 It's a pretty Spartan di
Page 191 and 192: Note 9.2.3 The Controller As descri
Page 193 and 194: TInt iLength; // Length - determine
Page 195 and 196: void SetHit(TInt aX, TInt aY); // H
Page 197 and 198: The functions to do this are Functi
Page 199 and 200: User::After(1) is guaranteed to wai
Page 201 and 202: { public: // Construct/destruct/set
Page 203 and 204: This begins by creating a new windo
Page 205 and 206: ); aRect.iTl.iX+iBorderSize+i*iTile
Page 207 and 208: else gc.SetPenColor(KRgbYellow); gc
Page 209 and 210: control framework needs to know whe
Page 211 and 212: the board. It then uses these coord
Page 213 and 214: Calculate board size in twips, and
Page 215 and 216: iRightBorder.Move(offset); iBoardRe
Page 217 and 218: private: // Construct/restore void
Page 219 and 220: ViewCmdHitFleet() shows how the con
Page 221 and 222: There are no surprises in the comma
Page 223 and 224: }; MENU_ITEM {command=EEikCmdZoomIn
Page 225 and 226: The framework handles creating a fi
Page 227 and 228: void TShip::ExternalizeL(RWriteStre
Page 229 and 230: void CGameAppUi::HandleCommandL(TIn
Page 231 and 232: the target view. Because such messa
Page 233 and 234: TInt iCursorX; TInt iCursorY; TUid
Page 235: display area) and to handle a parti
Page 239 and 240: This version formats the message ID
Page 241 and 242: Chapter 10: Dialogs and Concrete Co
Page 243 and 244: Figure 10.2 I got this by typing Ct
Page 245 and 246: Finally, note that buttons can't be
Page 247 and 248: for 'control'. I'll always use 'con
Page 249 and 250: CEikDialog* dialog = new(ELeave) CE
Page 251 and 252: Simply put, the dialog has a title,
Page 253 and 254: OK is handled by OkToExitL(). In fa
Page 255 and 256: Any of the checks or file operation
Page 257 and 258: }; id = EGameControlIdProtocol; con
Page 259 and 260: Listen"; } type = EEikCtChoiceList;
Page 261 and 262: TUid protocol = TUid::Uid(choicelis
Page 263 and 264: 10.3.2 Adding Buttons If you want t
Page 265 and 266: Function Description virtual void S
Page 267 and 268: � specify initialization data for
Page 269 and 270: CEikBorderedControl CEikBorderedCon
Page 271 and 272: � eikon.rh and Qikon.rh contain t
Page 273 and 274: Class Header ID CEikGlobalTextEdito
Page 275 and 276: UIs provide many other standard dia
Page 277 and 278: Figure 11.1 As it happens, this scr
Page 279 and 280: gc.DrawText(*iHelloWorld, rect, bas
Page 281 and 282: The two points that define Trect ca
Page 283 and 284: The clipping region defines the reg
Page 285 and 286: virtual void DrawBitmap(const TRect
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Figure 11.5 From the diagram: � T
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In theory, then, you don't need to
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So far, we have suggested that you
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DrawBorders(); DrawTiles(); } but t
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It turns out that working out exact
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Now it's time to be precise about h
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Figure 11.10 It has a single window
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{ public: . . . static CExampleHell
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case 2: return EAmountOfControls; }
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finished. When the BeginRedraw()fun
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Default settings are assured here:
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First and foremost, a control is a
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class CCoeControl : public CBase {
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You can set a control's position an
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IMPORT_C virtual void Draw(const TR
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� If you select OK on a dialog -
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In this chapter, I've concentrated
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TKeyResponse COppFleetView::OfferKe
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TEventCode is the type of window se
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notification, and changing the curs
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From the preceding discussion, it s
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� if the Set interval button is s
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� The general-purpose control des
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private: ... MCoeControlObserver* i
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Special-purpose events should be ha
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Figure 12.4 Key events are offered
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A control should change its appeara
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12.4.3 Grabbing the Pointer-down Co
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ProcessPointerEventL() implements t
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In the last chapter, we concentrate
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making them lighter or darker. For
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Chapter 13: Files, Streams, and Sto
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Note Strictly, documents are not th
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Figure 13.2 The file server provide
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� changing directory and file att
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important in Symbian OS, so it's pr
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Figure 13.5: � Write file allows
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TryChangeFocusToL(EExampleControlId
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file.Close(); // Finished with user
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Update view iAppView->DrawNow(); }
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} // Finish CleanupStack::PopAndDes
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external stream and de-serialize wh
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RwriteStream Functions RReadStream
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You'll remember that I used this, w
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Technique Application descriptor wh
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Let's consider the file format of t
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� create, write, and close the ap
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Figure 13.10 The main document is a
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through the DBMS. For more on using
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Figure 13.13 There is a small class
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� Where an application's .ini fil
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The first step of the process is to
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END SOURCE 1 icon2mask.bmp SOURCE c
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id=EHelloGuiCmd0; flags=EEikToolBar
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Figure 14.4 abld build winscw udeb
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For the purpose of this book, we'll
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#include RESOURCE AIF_DATA { capti
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1 file(s) copied. When this has fin
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The way the Certificate Generator w
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The body of this file should be obv
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Don't expect the installed applicat
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� Every application should fill t
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� Use bold style for active text
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Overview This chapter discusses wri
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Class Description CExampleApplicati
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Class Description Figure 15.3 conta
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aDeviceRect.Center().iY - boxInPixe
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} fontSpec)); The key function here
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The second case will cause problems
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I'm careful to draw every pixel: I
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SetZoomOutL() works the other way r
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ealistic print code would take acco
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Figure 15.7 The base class for bitm
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lit them efficiently from a shared
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#define KRgbYellow TRgb(0x00ffff) #
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world colors mapped down onto black
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Figure 15.8 The GUI used in the Psi
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In terms of applications, the appli
Page 443 and 444:
Overview So far in this book, we've
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Figure 16.2 The starting point for
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if (iController->Engine().IsMyTurn(
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device, I will have to publish thes
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� If your request didn't get thro
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Communications is full of this kind
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The game will connect and you can s
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Figure 16.9 The controller contains
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iEngine->iOppFleet.SetShipType(aX,
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if(!iController->IsMyTurn()) iEikon
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Of course, the opponent's response
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wrong with it. And it may not alway
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fleet.SetHit(x,y); // update view i
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With this scheme, each chat message
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For a minimum level of skill, the c
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CONE maintains an outstanding reque
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Figure 17.2 It is also worth mentio
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some function that will later gener
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So the scheduler handles precisely
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CActive implements the Cancel() fun
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A RunL() function can stop the acti
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}; Figure 17.9 Member functions her
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Function Description Stop() Decreas
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17.3.1 Maintaining an Outstanding R
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Change visibility of app view text
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static CMultiPartHello* NewL(CActiv
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iTimer.After(iStatus, iDelay); SetA
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I prefer to hide active objects fro
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In active objects, higher priority
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Figure 18.1 Some simple server tran
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A new session has a handle that is
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Figure 18.4 Before any subsessions
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Figure 18.5 When the buffer is full
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Related servers can be run in the s
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� Request the window server to dr
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This is because, when a client thre
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Figure 18.8 18.4.1 Thread Basics Th
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GetDesLength() return this as their
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class RSessionBase : public RHandle
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RSubSessionBase - client-side sub-s
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Bootstrap code for a server should
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The CSharableSession class provides
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RMessage is not intended for deriva
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The GSDP server presented here has
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IMPORT_C TInt GetGdpProtocolInfo(TI
Page 533 and 534:
with all four slots, even if you do
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}; RGsdpSession::Listen() calls CGs
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inline RGsdpSession() : iHandler(0)
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If, in the first step above, the ke
Page 541 and 542:
The GSDP client API implements a sy
Page 543 and 544:
� Function() gives me the request
Page 545 and 546:
Basically, the setter stores its ar
Page 547 and 548:
As we saw in Chapter 17, any API pr
Page 549 and 550:
Many Symbian OS servers use polymor
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construct shutdown timer iShutdown=
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void CGsdpProtocolUpdater::RunL() {
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GSDP clients can select the protoco
Page 557 and 558:
} }; } }; } version_no = 1; display
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} aFromPort, aData); If iLastError
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� The datagram arrives via a GDP
Page 563 and 564:
AddPacket() is a method provided by
Page 565 and 566:
iReceiveMessage.Complete(KErrNone);
Page 567 and 568:
� The client program launches a n
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server.Close(); return died.Int();
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CGsdpScheduler::TServerStart start;
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aStart.SignalL(); CActiveScheduler:
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19.4 Summary In this chapter, we've
Page 577 and 578:
Figure 20.1 Typically, a communicat
Page 579 and 580:
This encapsulation is important, as
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else // Everything was OK, leave th
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suite of protocols: UDP, TCP, ICMP
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member of the GDP-SMS session objec
Page 587 and 588:
This puts it into an initial state,
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void CGdpSmsSender::TSendMsgState::
Page 591 and 592:
If, for some reason, the operation
Page 593 and 594:
RSmsSocketReadStream readstream(iRe
Page 595 and 596:
Bluetooth is composed of a hierarch
Page 597 and 598:
Figure 20.10 shows two sequential o
Page 599 and 600:
As with GDP-SMS, the SendL() functi
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Once connected, the sockets interfa
Page 603 and 604:
err = iListenSocket.Listen(4); User
Page 605 and 606:
iReceiver.iReadSocket.Read(iReceive
Page 607 and 608:
Appendix 1: Example Projects Overvi
Page 609 and 610:
AppForge development software integ
Page 611 and 612:
Psion has a long history of using S
Page 613 and 614:
Appendix 3: TOGS Guide and Referenc
Page 615 and 616:
protected: TUid iDtor_ID_Key; }; CG
Page 617 and 618:
eturn KErrNone; } TInt CGdpLoopback
Page 619 and 620:
packet to the initiating partner: t
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inline RGsdpSession() : iHandler(0)
Page 623 and 624:
Function Description MGsdpPacketHan
Page 625 and 626:
RGCP TOGS is designed to support tu
Page 627 and 628:
Packet structure RGCP uses GSDP as
Page 629 and 630:
State Meaning responses are handled
Page 631 and 632:
Figure A3.10 Here's CRgcpSession's
Page 633 and 634:
void GsdpHandleL(const TDesC8& aDat
Page 635 and 636:
virtual void RgcpHandleBound() = 0;
Page 637 and 638:
State Meaning Listening You have ch
Page 639 and 640:
From To Occurs When other player, t
Page 641 and 642:
Opcode Name Details want-second.Res
Page 643 and 644:
Appendix 4: Emulator Reference Over
Page 645 and 646:
Figure A4.2 This source compatibili
Page 647 and 648:
Figure A4.5 An emulator configurati
Page 649 and 650:
Each Symbian OS .exe built for the
Page 651 and 652:
In different UIs, there can be addi
Page 653 and 654:
ARM data alignment rules are strict
Page 655 and 656:
Key Description W Dump full window
Page 657 and 658:
event handling threads 569 events,
Page 659 and 660:
Application Programming Interfaces
Page 661 and 662:
Boolean data type 55 Boss Puzzle di
Page 663 and 664:
CGsdpSession 650 CanReceivePacket()
Page 665 and 666:
certificate file 472 Certificate Ge
Page 667 and 668:
ServiceL error handling 646 CGsdpSe
Page 669 and 670:
CObjectIx class 614 CodeWarrior deb
Page 671 and 672:
context switching 27 performance is
Page 673 and 674:
CSession class 598, 614, 624 CShara
Page 675 and 676:
text 501 fonts 495 GDI 507 line dra
Page 677 and 678:
const rule, breaking 334 descriptio
Page 679 and 680:
DrawVerticalBorder() function 238 D
Page 681 and 682:
ExternalizeL() function 261 testing
Page 683 and 684:
files 416 copying to emulator 773 s
Page 685 and 686:
G game datagram protocol see GDP pr
Page 687 and 688:
drawing 237 zooming 245 GetZoom() f
Page 689 and 690:
graphics interaction 370 pick corre
Page 691 and 692:
Install() function CActiveScheduler
Page 693 and 694:
graphics interaction handling 370 O
Page 695 and 696:
summary 485 MakeVisible() function
Page 697 and 698:
multithreading 43 MVC 287 controlle
Page 699 and 700:
packets see datagrams palettes 516
Page 701 and 702:
private key 472 privilege boundarie
Page 703 and 704:
ReceiveAllL() 697 ReceivePacket() f
Page 705 and 706:
Revo 23 RFCOMM 701 RFile class 46 v
Page 707 and 708:
RWriteStream 425 streams 430 vs. RF
Page 709 and 710:
CGraphicsContext class 324 SetBrush
Page 711 and 712:
simple getter functions 60 single-p
Page 713 and 714:
Static() function CCoeEnv class 357
Page 715 and 716:
ESOCK sockets server 526 ETEL telep
Page 717 and 718:
TDisplayMode 516 Telephony server 6
Page 719 and 720:
TParsePtr 418 TParsePtrC 418 TPckg
Page 721 and 722:
derivation relationships 75 Unicode
Page 723:
flicker-free redraw 354 invalid reg
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