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TInt anOffset) const; IMPORT_C void WriteL(const TAny* aPtr, const TDesC16& aDes) const; IMPORT_C void WriteL(const TAny* aPtr, const TDesC16& aDes, TInt anOffset) const; IMPORT_C void Panic(const TDesC& aCategory, TInt aReason) const; IMPORT_C void Kill(TInt aReason) const; IMPORT_C void Terminate(TInt aReason) const; inline TInt Function() const; inline const RThread& Client() const; inline TInt Int0() const; inline TInt Int1() const; inline TInt Int2() const; inline TInt Int3() const; inline const TAny* Ptr0() const; inline const TAny* Ptr1() const; inline const TAny* Ptr2() const; inline const TAny* Ptr3() const; inline const RMessagePtr MessagePtr() const; protected: TInt iFunction; TInt iArgs[KMaxMessageArguments]; RThread iClient; const TAny* iSessionPtr; const RMessage* iMessagePtr; }; The following are the most important functions you use when writing a server: � Client() returns a const RThread& representing the client thread that sent the message. � Function() returns the 32-bit request code for the function requested by the client. � Int0(), Int1(), Int2(), and Int3() access the four message parameters, interpreting them as TInts. Ptr0(), Ptr1(), Ptr2(), and Ptr3() access the four parameters as well, interpreting them as TAny* pointers. � When you have handled the function, you convey the 32-bit result to the client using Complete(). This causes the client's request status for the message to be posted with the completion code. The kernel also releases the kernel-side message slot. � RMessage's ReadL() and WriteL() functions are convenience wrappers for corresponding RThread functions: they read and write from client's memory. Use these to communicate data that is too large to communicate within the operating code, parameters, and completion code. Likewise, RMessage's Panic(), Kill(), and Terminate() functions are convenience wrappers for corresponding RThread functions on the client thread.
RMessage is not intended for derivation, so its protected members should really be private. 18.5 Summary � outlined the basic workings of servers, � given some hints and tips for optimizing their performance, � reviewed the API elements associated with servers. In the next chapter, we'll get practical: with the GSDP server, we can see all these facets of the client-server framework working together. <strong>Chapter</strong> 19: The GSDP Server
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Table of Contents Symbian OS C++ fo
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Reprinted August 2003 All Rights Re
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� consultants, trainers, and auth
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Symbian OS C++ for Mobile Phones fo
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When you're ready to use the Symbia
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improvement. She has a reputation f
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John works in the partner projects
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If you've never seen Symbian OS bef
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within a particular application. In
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There are a number of other ways in
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programs - namely, to handle and re
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There is no need to trap the call t
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abld build winscw udeb The winscw p
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If you're curious, you might want t
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If your connectivity software does
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Chapter 2: System Structure Overvie
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Figure 2.2 Figure 2.3 Symbian OS OE
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Note Actually, for performance reas
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To be executed, an executable has t
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The kernel itself has two major com
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ROM handling is easy. The ROM consi
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You can control the stack size in a
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industry standard, slightly smaller
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A server also uses its own active o
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In order to minimize any difficulty
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� The top-level project name in t
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Title DLL Source Group Headers Desc
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Chapter 3: C++ and Object Orientati
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The fundamental rule is, use names
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Category Examples Description Const
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3.2.6 Summary Naming conventions ar
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Convenience functions are trivial w
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� When declaring a virtual functi
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used in preference to old style C c
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Java uses interfaces too: in Java,
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� Whether these are private or pu
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If the cardinality is not 1-to-1, t
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Figure 4.1 At the bottom is the GDI
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In addition to the four C++ classes
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In addition, as indicated by the SO
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Figure 4.3 SDK and then browse to t
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eturn KErrNone; } Important You mus
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private: // from CEikDocument CEikA
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ConstructL() performs second-phase
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hellogui's application view is a co
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The other things we haven't seen in
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form described above advertises the
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} RESOURCE TBUF r_hellogui_text_hel
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CQikAppUi::HandleWsEventL(const TWs
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4.9 Terminating the Application By
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debug stepping, variable watching,
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5.1 Strings and Memory To understan
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� HBufC* is a pointer to a heap-b
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strlen() doesn't include the traili
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The Des() function returns a TPtr c
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TBuf helloWorld(_L("hello")); greet
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TDes& parameters. Symbian OS itself
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5.4 More Text APIs Symbian OS uses
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encodings of Unicode that use seque
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Chapter 6: Error Handling and Clean
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Even user input errors can be handl
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Note It also demonstrates that the
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eak; So, the New 1 menu item alloca
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this line yourself, and then rerun
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case EMagicCmdNew2: delete iObject2
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If the new(ELeave) fails, then iObj
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If you're writing a function, and t
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} You can invoke these functions fr
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Any one of the calls to UseL() may
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case EMagicCmdUse4: { CY* y = new(E
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� Functions that can leave must o
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CZ::NewL() was actually coded waste
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TAny*. The cleanup code will deallo
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successfully). This means you have
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User::Leave(KErrNone). This appears
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systems outside my control, and res
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Chapter 7: Resource Files Overview
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Data Type Description BUF A Unicode
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} MENU_ITEM { command = EExampleCmd
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A single resource file supports 409
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Filename Description EeikCmdExit, a
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RESOURCE MENU_PANE r_hellogui_hello
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0E [uncompressed data run length] 0
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Chapter 8: Basic APIs Overview We'v
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IMPORT_C void Write(TInt aPos, cons
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_LIT8(KTxt2," world"); buf->InsertL
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Dynamic buffers are also used to st
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Class name Description [*] CArrayFi
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In v7.0, the structure of ROM image
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} In a function such as FormatList(
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library. The next few pages should
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Using this technique, your program
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� The original program consisted
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pointer, and no method of directly
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Figure 9.1 It's a pretty Spartan di
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Note 9.2.3 The Controller As descri
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TInt iLength; // Length - determine
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void SetHit(TInt aX, TInt aY); // H
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The functions to do this are Functi
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User::After(1) is guaranteed to wai
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{ public: // Construct/destruct/set
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This begins by creating a new windo
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); aRect.iTl.iX+iBorderSize+i*iTile
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else gc.SetPenColor(KRgbYellow); gc
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control framework needs to know whe
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the board. It then uses these coord
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Calculate board size in twips, and
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iRightBorder.Move(offset); iBoardRe
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private: // Construct/restore void
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ViewCmdHitFleet() shows how the con
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There are no surprises in the comma
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}; MENU_ITEM {command=EEikCmdZoomIn
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The framework handles creating a fi
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void TShip::ExternalizeL(RWriteStre
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void CGameAppUi::HandleCommandL(TIn
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the target view. Because such messa
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TInt iCursorX; TInt iCursorY; TUid
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display area) and to handle a parti
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Create and load a bitmap iHideBitma
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This version formats the message ID
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Chapter 10: Dialogs and Concrete Co
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Figure 10.2 I got this by typing Ct
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Finally, note that buttons can't be
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for 'control'. I'll always use 'con
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CEikDialog* dialog = new(ELeave) CE
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Simply put, the dialog has a title,
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OK is handled by OkToExitL(). In fa
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Any of the checks or file operation
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}; id = EGameControlIdProtocol; con
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Listen"; } type = EEikCtChoiceList;
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TUid protocol = TUid::Uid(choicelis
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10.3.2 Adding Buttons If you want t
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Function Description virtual void S
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� specify initialization data for
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CEikBorderedControl CEikBorderedCon
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� eikon.rh and Qikon.rh contain t
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Class Header ID CEikGlobalTextEdito
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UIs provide many other standard dia
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Figure 11.1 As it happens, this scr
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gc.DrawText(*iHelloWorld, rect, bas
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The two points that define Trect ca
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The clipping region defines the reg
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virtual void DrawBitmap(const TRect
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Figure 11.5 From the diagram: � T
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In theory, then, you don't need to
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So far, we have suggested that you
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DrawBorders(); DrawTiles(); } but t
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It turns out that working out exact
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Now it's time to be precise about h
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Figure 11.10 It has a single window
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{ public: . . . static CExampleHell
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case 2: return EAmountOfControls; }
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finished. When the BeginRedraw()fun
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Default settings are assured here:
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First and foremost, a control is a
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class CCoeControl : public CBase {
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You can set a control's position an
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IMPORT_C virtual void Draw(const TR
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� If you select OK on a dialog -
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In this chapter, I've concentrated
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TKeyResponse COppFleetView::OfferKe
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TEventCode is the type of window se
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notification, and changing the curs
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From the preceding discussion, it s
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� if the Set interval button is s
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� The general-purpose control des
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private: ... MCoeControlObserver* i
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Special-purpose events should be ha
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Figure 12.4 Key events are offered
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A control should change its appeara
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12.4.3 Grabbing the Pointer-down Co
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ProcessPointerEventL() implements t
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In the last chapter, we concentrate
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making them lighter or darker. For
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Chapter 13: Files, Streams, and Sto
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Note Strictly, documents are not th
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Figure 13.2 The file server provide
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� changing directory and file att
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important in Symbian OS, so it's pr
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Figure 13.5: � Write file allows
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TryChangeFocusToL(EExampleControlId
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file.Close(); // Finished with user
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Update view iAppView->DrawNow(); }
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} // Finish CleanupStack::PopAndDes
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external stream and de-serialize wh
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RwriteStream Functions RReadStream
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You'll remember that I used this, w
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Technique Application descriptor wh
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Let's consider the file format of t
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� create, write, and close the ap
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Figure 13.10 The main document is a
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through the DBMS. For more on using
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Figure 13.13 There is a small class
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� Where an application's .ini fil
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The first step of the process is to
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END SOURCE 1 icon2mask.bmp SOURCE c
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id=EHelloGuiCmd0; flags=EEikToolBar
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Figure 14.4 abld build winscw udeb
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For the purpose of this book, we'll
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#include RESOURCE AIF_DATA { capti
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1 file(s) copied. When this has fin
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The way the Certificate Generator w
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The body of this file should be obv
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Don't expect the installed applicat
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� Every application should fill t
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� Use bold style for active text
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Overview This chapter discusses wri
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Class Description CExampleApplicati
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Class Description Figure 15.3 conta
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aDeviceRect.Center().iY - boxInPixe
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} fontSpec)); The key function here
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The second case will cause problems
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I'm careful to draw every pixel: I
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SetZoomOutL() works the other way r
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ealistic print code would take acco
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Figure 15.7 The base class for bitm
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lit them efficiently from a shared
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#define KRgbYellow TRgb(0x00ffff) #
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world colors mapped down onto black
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Figure 15.8 The GUI used in the Psi
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In terms of applications, the appli
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Overview So far in this book, we've
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Figure 16.2 The starting point for
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if (iController->Engine().IsMyTurn(
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device, I will have to publish thes
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� If your request didn't get thro
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Communications is full of this kind
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The game will connect and you can s
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Figure 16.9 The controller contains
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iEngine->iOppFleet.SetShipType(aX,
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if(!iController->IsMyTurn()) iEikon
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Of course, the opponent's response
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wrong with it. And it may not alway
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fleet.SetHit(x,y); // update view i
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With this scheme, each chat message
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For a minimum level of skill, the c
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CONE maintains an outstanding reque
Page 475 and 476: Figure 17.2 It is also worth mentio
Page 477 and 478: some function that will later gener
Page 479 and 480: So the scheduler handles precisely
Page 481 and 482: CActive implements the Cancel() fun
Page 483 and 484: A RunL() function can stop the acti
Page 485 and 486: }; Figure 17.9 Member functions her
Page 487 and 488: Function Description Stop() Decreas
Page 489 and 490: 17.3.1 Maintaining an Outstanding R
Page 491 and 492: Change visibility of app view text
Page 493 and 494: static CMultiPartHello* NewL(CActiv
Page 495 and 496: iTimer.After(iStatus, iDelay); SetA
Page 497 and 498: I prefer to hide active objects fro
Page 499 and 500: In active objects, higher priority
Page 501 and 502: Figure 18.1 Some simple server tran
Page 503 and 504: A new session has a handle that is
Page 505 and 506: Figure 18.4 Before any subsessions
Page 507 and 508: Figure 18.5 When the buffer is full
Page 509 and 510: Related servers can be run in the s
Page 511 and 512: � Request the window server to dr
Page 513 and 514: This is because, when a client thre
Page 515 and 516: Figure 18.8 18.4.1 Thread Basics Th
Page 517 and 518: GetDesLength() return this as their
Page 519 and 520: class RSessionBase : public RHandle
Page 521 and 522: RSubSessionBase - client-side sub-s
Page 523 and 524: Bootstrap code for a server should
Page 525: The CSharableSession class provides
Page 529 and 530: The GSDP server presented here has
Page 531 and 532: IMPORT_C TInt GetGdpProtocolInfo(TI
Page 533 and 534: with all four slots, even if you do
Page 535 and 536: }; RGsdpSession::Listen() calls CGs
Page 537 and 538: inline RGsdpSession() : iHandler(0)
Page 539 and 540: If, in the first step above, the ke
Page 541 and 542: The GSDP client API implements a sy
Page 543 and 544: � Function() gives me the request
Page 545 and 546: Basically, the setter stores its ar
Page 547 and 548: As we saw in Chapter 17, any API pr
Page 549 and 550: Many Symbian OS servers use polymor
Page 551 and 552: construct shutdown timer iShutdown=
Page 553 and 554: void CGsdpProtocolUpdater::RunL() {
Page 555 and 556: GSDP clients can select the protoco
Page 557 and 558: } }; } }; } version_no = 1; display
Page 559 and 560: } aFromPort, aData); If iLastError
Page 561 and 562: � The datagram arrives via a GDP
Page 563 and 564: AddPacket() is a method provided by
Page 565 and 566: iReceiveMessage.Complete(KErrNone);
Page 567 and 568: � The client program launches a n
Page 569 and 570: server.Close(); return died.Int();
Page 571 and 572: CGsdpScheduler::TServerStart start;
Page 573 and 574: aStart.SignalL(); CActiveScheduler:
Page 575 and 576: 19.4 Summary In this chapter, we've
Page 577 and 578:
Figure 20.1 Typically, a communicat
Page 579 and 580:
This encapsulation is important, as
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else // Everything was OK, leave th
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suite of protocols: UDP, TCP, ICMP
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member of the GDP-SMS session objec
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This puts it into an initial state,
Page 589 and 590:
void CGdpSmsSender::TSendMsgState::
Page 591 and 592:
If, for some reason, the operation
Page 593 and 594:
RSmsSocketReadStream readstream(iRe
Page 595 and 596:
Bluetooth is composed of a hierarch
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Figure 20.10 shows two sequential o
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As with GDP-SMS, the SendL() functi
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Once connected, the sockets interfa
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err = iListenSocket.Listen(4); User
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iReceiver.iReadSocket.Read(iReceive
Page 607 and 608:
Appendix 1: Example Projects Overvi
Page 609 and 610:
AppForge development software integ
Page 611 and 612:
Psion has a long history of using S
Page 613 and 614:
Appendix 3: TOGS Guide and Referenc
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protected: TUid iDtor_ID_Key; }; CG
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eturn KErrNone; } TInt CGdpLoopback
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packet to the initiating partner: t
Page 621 and 622:
inline RGsdpSession() : iHandler(0)
Page 623 and 624:
Function Description MGsdpPacketHan
Page 625 and 626:
RGCP TOGS is designed to support tu
Page 627 and 628:
Packet structure RGCP uses GSDP as
Page 629 and 630:
State Meaning responses are handled
Page 631 and 632:
Figure A3.10 Here's CRgcpSession's
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void GsdpHandleL(const TDesC8& aDat
Page 635 and 636:
virtual void RgcpHandleBound() = 0;
Page 637 and 638:
State Meaning Listening You have ch
Page 639 and 640:
From To Occurs When other player, t
Page 641 and 642:
Opcode Name Details want-second.Res
Page 643 and 644:
Appendix 4: Emulator Reference Over
Page 645 and 646:
Figure A4.2 This source compatibili
Page 647 and 648:
Figure A4.5 An emulator configurati
Page 649 and 650:
Each Symbian OS .exe built for the
Page 651 and 652:
In different UIs, there can be addi
Page 653 and 654:
ARM data alignment rules are strict
Page 655 and 656:
Key Description W Dump full window
Page 657 and 658:
event handling threads 569 events,
Page 659 and 660:
Application Programming Interfaces
Page 661 and 662:
Boolean data type 55 Boss Puzzle di
Page 663 and 664:
CGsdpSession 650 CanReceivePacket()
Page 665 and 666:
certificate file 472 Certificate Ge
Page 667 and 668:
ServiceL error handling 646 CGsdpSe
Page 669 and 670:
CObjectIx class 614 CodeWarrior deb
Page 671 and 672:
context switching 27 performance is
Page 673 and 674:
CSession class 598, 614, 624 CShara
Page 675 and 676:
text 501 fonts 495 GDI 507 line dra
Page 677 and 678:
const rule, breaking 334 descriptio
Page 679 and 680:
DrawVerticalBorder() function 238 D
Page 681 and 682:
ExternalizeL() function 261 testing
Page 683 and 684:
files 416 copying to emulator 773 s
Page 685 and 686:
G game datagram protocol see GDP pr
Page 687 and 688:
drawing 237 zooming 245 GetZoom() f
Page 689 and 690:
graphics interaction 370 pick corre
Page 691 and 692:
Install() function CActiveScheduler
Page 693 and 694:
graphics interaction handling 370 O
Page 695 and 696:
summary 485 MakeVisible() function
Page 697 and 698:
multithreading 43 MVC 287 controlle
Page 699 and 700:
packets see datagrams palettes 516
Page 701 and 702:
private key 472 privilege boundarie
Page 703 and 704:
ReceiveAllL() 697 ReceivePacket() f
Page 705 and 706:
Revo 23 RFCOMM 701 RFile class 46 v
Page 707 and 708:
RWriteStream 425 streams 430 vs. RF
Page 709 and 710:
CGraphicsContext class 324 SetBrush
Page 711 and 712:
simple getter functions 60 single-p
Page 713 and 714:
Static() function CCoeEnv class 357
Page 715 and 716:
ESOCK sockets server 526 ETEL telep
Page 717 and 718:
TDisplayMode 516 Telephony server 6
Page 719 and 720:
TParsePtr 418 TParsePtrC 418 TPckg
Page 721 and 722:
derivation relationships 75 Unicode
Page 723:
flicker-free redraw 354 invalid reg
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