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Note 11.6.3 Components This function is both virtual and potentially leaving. That's not the best design in Symbian OS: really, it should be neither. You can guarantee that this function won't leave if it's not overridden, so try to think of this function as not having been designed to be overridden. A few classes in Uikon use it for purposes that could be achieved by other means. A control can have any number of component controls, from zero upwards. Here are the component-control functions: class CCoeControl : public CBase { public: ... IMPORT_C TInt Index(const CCoeControl* aControl) const; ... IMPORT_C virtual TInt CountComponentControls() const; IMPORT_C virtual CCoeControl* ComponentControl(TInt aIndex) const; ... }; If you want to implement a container control, you can store controls and use any data structure you want. You override CountComponent-Controls() to indicate how many controls you have and ComponentControl() to return the control corresponding to each index value, starting from zero. Note As we saw earlier, by default, CountComponentControls()returns zero, and ComponentControl() panics. These functions work as a pair, so make sure you override them both consistently. Index() searches through the component controls one by one to find one whose address matches the address passed. If none is found, Index() returns KErrNotFound, which is defined as −1. Important The CCoeControl base class does not dictate how component controls should be stored in a container. If your container is a fixed-purpose container such as the Battleships application view, which contains just three components, then you can use a pointer to address each component, hardcode Count-ComponentControls() to return 3, and use a switch statement in ComponentControl(). On the other hand, if your container is a general-purpose container such as a dialog, you may wish to implement a general-purpose array to hold your component controls. 11.6.4 Position and Size
You can set a control's position and size. Here are the declarations related to position and size: class CCoeControl : public CBase { m public: ... IMPORT_C void SetExtentL(const TPoint& aPosition, const TSize& aSize); IMPORT_C void SetSizeL(const TSize& aSize); IMPORT_C void SetPosition(const TPoint& aPosition); IMPORT_C void SetRectL(const TRect& aRect); IMPORT_C void SetExtentToWholeScreenL(); ... IMPORT_C TSize Size() const; IMPORT_C TPoint Position() const; IMPORT_C TRect Rect() const; IMPORT_C TPoint PositionRelativeToScreen() const; ... IMPORT_C virtual void SizeChangedL(); IMPORT_C virtual void PositionChanged(); IMPORT_C void SetCornerAndSizeL(TCoeAlignment aCorner, const TSize& aSize); IMPORT_C void SetSizeWithoutNotificationL(const TSize& aSize); ... protected: ... TPoint iPosition; TSize iSize; ... }; Position and size are stored in iPosition and iSize. You can interrogate them with Position(), Size(), or Rect() and change them with SetExtentL(), SetPosition(), SetSizeL(), and SetRectL(). Changing the size of a control could, in rare cases, cause memory to be allocated, which could fail – so all functions that change size are potentially leaving. SetPosition() does not change size so it cannot leave. � When a control's size is changed, its virtual SizeChangedL()function is called. � A position change is notified by PositionChanged().
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Table of Contents Symbian OS C++ fo
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Reprinted August 2003 All Rights Re
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� consultants, trainers, and auth
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Symbian OS C++ for Mobile Phones fo
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When you're ready to use the Symbia
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improvement. She has a reputation f
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John works in the partner projects
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If you've never seen Symbian OS bef
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within a particular application. In
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There are a number of other ways in
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programs - namely, to handle and re
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There is no need to trap the call t
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abld build winscw udeb The winscw p
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If you're curious, you might want t
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If your connectivity software does
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Chapter 2: System Structure Overvie
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Figure 2.2 Figure 2.3 Symbian OS OE
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Note Actually, for performance reas
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To be executed, an executable has t
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The kernel itself has two major com
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ROM handling is easy. The ROM consi
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You can control the stack size in a
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industry standard, slightly smaller
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A server also uses its own active o
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In order to minimize any difficulty
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� The top-level project name in t
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Title DLL Source Group Headers Desc
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Chapter 3: C++ and Object Orientati
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The fundamental rule is, use names
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Category Examples Description Const
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3.2.6 Summary Naming conventions ar
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Convenience functions are trivial w
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� When declaring a virtual functi
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used in preference to old style C c
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Java uses interfaces too: in Java,
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� Whether these are private or pu
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If the cardinality is not 1-to-1, t
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Figure 4.1 At the bottom is the GDI
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In addition to the four C++ classes
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In addition, as indicated by the SO
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Figure 4.3 SDK and then browse to t
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eturn KErrNone; } Important You mus
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private: // from CEikDocument CEikA
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ConstructL() performs second-phase
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hellogui's application view is a co
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The other things we haven't seen in
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form described above advertises the
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} RESOURCE TBUF r_hellogui_text_hel
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CQikAppUi::HandleWsEventL(const TWs
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4.9 Terminating the Application By
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debug stepping, variable watching,
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5.1 Strings and Memory To understan
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� HBufC* is a pointer to a heap-b
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strlen() doesn't include the traili
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The Des() function returns a TPtr c
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TBuf helloWorld(_L("hello")); greet
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TDes& parameters. Symbian OS itself
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5.4 More Text APIs Symbian OS uses
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encodings of Unicode that use seque
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Chapter 6: Error Handling and Clean
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Even user input errors can be handl
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Note It also demonstrates that the
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eak; So, the New 1 menu item alloca
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this line yourself, and then rerun
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case EMagicCmdNew2: delete iObject2
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If the new(ELeave) fails, then iObj
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If you're writing a function, and t
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} You can invoke these functions fr
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Any one of the calls to UseL() may
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case EMagicCmdUse4: { CY* y = new(E
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� Functions that can leave must o
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CZ::NewL() was actually coded waste
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TAny*. The cleanup code will deallo
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successfully). This means you have
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User::Leave(KErrNone). This appears
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systems outside my control, and res
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Chapter 7: Resource Files Overview
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Data Type Description BUF A Unicode
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} MENU_ITEM { command = EExampleCmd
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A single resource file supports 409
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Filename Description EeikCmdExit, a
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RESOURCE MENU_PANE r_hellogui_hello
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0E [uncompressed data run length] 0
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Chapter 8: Basic APIs Overview We'v
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IMPORT_C void Write(TInt aPos, cons
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_LIT8(KTxt2," world"); buf->InsertL
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Dynamic buffers are also used to st
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Class name Description [*] CArrayFi
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In v7.0, the structure of ROM image
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} In a function such as FormatList(
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library. The next few pages should
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Using this technique, your program
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� The original program consisted
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pointer, and no method of directly
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Figure 9.1 It's a pretty Spartan di
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Note 9.2.3 The Controller As descri
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TInt iLength; // Length - determine
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void SetHit(TInt aX, TInt aY); // H
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The functions to do this are Functi
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User::After(1) is guaranteed to wai
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{ public: // Construct/destruct/set
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This begins by creating a new windo
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); aRect.iTl.iX+iBorderSize+i*iTile
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else gc.SetPenColor(KRgbYellow); gc
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control framework needs to know whe
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the board. It then uses these coord
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Calculate board size in twips, and
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iRightBorder.Move(offset); iBoardRe
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private: // Construct/restore void
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ViewCmdHitFleet() shows how the con
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There are no surprises in the comma
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}; MENU_ITEM {command=EEikCmdZoomIn
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The framework handles creating a fi
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void TShip::ExternalizeL(RWriteStre
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void CGameAppUi::HandleCommandL(TIn
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the target view. Because such messa
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TInt iCursorX; TInt iCursorY; TUid
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display area) and to handle a parti
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Create and load a bitmap iHideBitma
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This version formats the message ID
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Chapter 10: Dialogs and Concrete Co
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Figure 10.2 I got this by typing Ct
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Finally, note that buttons can't be
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for 'control'. I'll always use 'con
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CEikDialog* dialog = new(ELeave) CE
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Simply put, the dialog has a title,
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OK is handled by OkToExitL(). In fa
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Any of the checks or file operation
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}; id = EGameControlIdProtocol; con
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Listen"; } type = EEikCtChoiceList;
Page 261 and 262: TUid protocol = TUid::Uid(choicelis
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Page 265 and 266: Function Description virtual void S
Page 267 and 268: � specify initialization data for
Page 269 and 270: CEikBorderedControl CEikBorderedCon
Page 271 and 272: � eikon.rh and Qikon.rh contain t
Page 273 and 274: Class Header ID CEikGlobalTextEdito
Page 275 and 276: UIs provide many other standard dia
Page 277 and 278: Figure 11.1 As it happens, this scr
Page 279 and 280: gc.DrawText(*iHelloWorld, rect, bas
Page 281 and 282: The two points that define Trect ca
Page 283 and 284: The clipping region defines the reg
Page 285 and 286: virtual void DrawBitmap(const TRect
Page 287 and 288: Figure 11.5 From the diagram: � T
Page 289 and 290: In theory, then, you don't need to
Page 291 and 292: So far, we have suggested that you
Page 293 and 294: DrawBorders(); DrawTiles(); } but t
Page 295 and 296: It turns out that working out exact
Page 297 and 298: Now it's time to be precise about h
Page 299 and 300: Figure 11.10 It has a single window
Page 301 and 302: { public: . . . static CExampleHell
Page 303 and 304: case 2: return EAmountOfControls; }
Page 305 and 306: finished. When the BeginRedraw()fun
Page 307 and 308: Default settings are assured here:
Page 309 and 310: First and foremost, a control is a
Page 311: class CCoeControl : public CBase {
Page 315 and 316: IMPORT_C virtual void Draw(const TR
Page 317 and 318: � If you select OK on a dialog -
Page 319 and 320: In this chapter, I've concentrated
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Page 323 and 324: TEventCode is the type of window se
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Page 327 and 328: From the preceding discussion, it s
Page 329 and 330: � if the Set interval button is s
Page 331 and 332: � The general-purpose control des
Page 333 and 334: private: ... MCoeControlObserver* i
Page 335 and 336: Special-purpose events should be ha
Page 337 and 338: Figure 12.4 Key events are offered
Page 339 and 340: A control should change its appeara
Page 341 and 342: 12.4.3 Grabbing the Pointer-down Co
Page 343 and 344: ProcessPointerEventL() implements t
Page 345 and 346: In the last chapter, we concentrate
Page 347 and 348: making them lighter or darker. For
Page 349 and 350: Chapter 13: Files, Streams, and Sto
Page 351 and 352: Note Strictly, documents are not th
Page 353 and 354: Figure 13.2 The file server provide
Page 355 and 356: � changing directory and file att
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Page 359 and 360: Figure 13.5: � Write file allows
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file.Close(); // Finished with user
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Update view iAppView->DrawNow(); }
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} // Finish CleanupStack::PopAndDes
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external stream and de-serialize wh
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RwriteStream Functions RReadStream
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You'll remember that I used this, w
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Technique Application descriptor wh
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Let's consider the file format of t
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� create, write, and close the ap
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Figure 13.10 The main document is a
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through the DBMS. For more on using
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Figure 13.13 There is a small class
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� Where an application's .ini fil
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The first step of the process is to
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END SOURCE 1 icon2mask.bmp SOURCE c
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id=EHelloGuiCmd0; flags=EEikToolBar
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Figure 14.4 abld build winscw udeb
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For the purpose of this book, we'll
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#include RESOURCE AIF_DATA { capti
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1 file(s) copied. When this has fin
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The way the Certificate Generator w
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The body of this file should be obv
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Don't expect the installed applicat
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� Every application should fill t
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� Use bold style for active text
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Overview This chapter discusses wri
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Class Description CExampleApplicati
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Class Description Figure 15.3 conta
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aDeviceRect.Center().iY - boxInPixe
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} fontSpec)); The key function here
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The second case will cause problems
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I'm careful to draw every pixel: I
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SetZoomOutL() works the other way r
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ealistic print code would take acco
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Figure 15.7 The base class for bitm
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lit them efficiently from a shared
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#define KRgbYellow TRgb(0x00ffff) #
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world colors mapped down onto black
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Figure 15.8 The GUI used in the Psi
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In terms of applications, the appli
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Overview So far in this book, we've
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Figure 16.2 The starting point for
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if (iController->Engine().IsMyTurn(
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device, I will have to publish thes
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� If your request didn't get thro
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Communications is full of this kind
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The game will connect and you can s
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Figure 16.9 The controller contains
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iEngine->iOppFleet.SetShipType(aX,
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if(!iController->IsMyTurn()) iEikon
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Of course, the opponent's response
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wrong with it. And it may not alway
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fleet.SetHit(x,y); // update view i
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With this scheme, each chat message
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For a minimum level of skill, the c
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CONE maintains an outstanding reque
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Figure 17.2 It is also worth mentio
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some function that will later gener
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So the scheduler handles precisely
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CActive implements the Cancel() fun
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A RunL() function can stop the acti
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}; Figure 17.9 Member functions her
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Function Description Stop() Decreas
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17.3.1 Maintaining an Outstanding R
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Change visibility of app view text
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static CMultiPartHello* NewL(CActiv
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iTimer.After(iStatus, iDelay); SetA
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I prefer to hide active objects fro
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In active objects, higher priority
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Figure 18.1 Some simple server tran
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A new session has a handle that is
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Figure 18.4 Before any subsessions
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Figure 18.5 When the buffer is full
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Related servers can be run in the s
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� Request the window server to dr
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This is because, when a client thre
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Figure 18.8 18.4.1 Thread Basics Th
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GetDesLength() return this as their
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class RSessionBase : public RHandle
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RSubSessionBase - client-side sub-s
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Bootstrap code for a server should
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The CSharableSession class provides
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RMessage is not intended for deriva
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The GSDP server presented here has
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IMPORT_C TInt GetGdpProtocolInfo(TI
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with all four slots, even if you do
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}; RGsdpSession::Listen() calls CGs
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inline RGsdpSession() : iHandler(0)
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If, in the first step above, the ke
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The GSDP client API implements a sy
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� Function() gives me the request
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Basically, the setter stores its ar
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As we saw in Chapter 17, any API pr
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Many Symbian OS servers use polymor
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construct shutdown timer iShutdown=
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void CGsdpProtocolUpdater::RunL() {
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GSDP clients can select the protoco
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} }; } }; } version_no = 1; display
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} aFromPort, aData); If iLastError
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� The datagram arrives via a GDP
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AddPacket() is a method provided by
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iReceiveMessage.Complete(KErrNone);
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� The client program launches a n
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server.Close(); return died.Int();
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CGsdpScheduler::TServerStart start;
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aStart.SignalL(); CActiveScheduler:
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19.4 Summary In this chapter, we've
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Figure 20.1 Typically, a communicat
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This encapsulation is important, as
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else // Everything was OK, leave th
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suite of protocols: UDP, TCP, ICMP
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member of the GDP-SMS session objec
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This puts it into an initial state,
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void CGdpSmsSender::TSendMsgState::
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If, for some reason, the operation
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RSmsSocketReadStream readstream(iRe
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Bluetooth is composed of a hierarch
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Figure 20.10 shows two sequential o
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As with GDP-SMS, the SendL() functi
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Once connected, the sockets interfa
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err = iListenSocket.Listen(4); User
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iReceiver.iReadSocket.Read(iReceive
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Appendix 1: Example Projects Overvi
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AppForge development software integ
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Psion has a long history of using S
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Appendix 3: TOGS Guide and Referenc
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protected: TUid iDtor_ID_Key; }; CG
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eturn KErrNone; } TInt CGdpLoopback
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packet to the initiating partner: t
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inline RGsdpSession() : iHandler(0)
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Function Description MGsdpPacketHan
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RGCP TOGS is designed to support tu
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Packet structure RGCP uses GSDP as
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State Meaning responses are handled
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Figure A3.10 Here's CRgcpSession's
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void GsdpHandleL(const TDesC8& aDat
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virtual void RgcpHandleBound() = 0;
Page 637 and 638:
State Meaning Listening You have ch
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From To Occurs When other player, t
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Opcode Name Details want-second.Res
Page 643 and 644:
Appendix 4: Emulator Reference Over
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Figure A4.2 This source compatibili
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Figure A4.5 An emulator configurati
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Each Symbian OS .exe built for the
Page 651 and 652:
In different UIs, there can be addi
Page 653 and 654:
ARM data alignment rules are strict
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Key Description W Dump full window
Page 657 and 658:
event handling threads 569 events,
Page 659 and 660:
Application Programming Interfaces
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Boolean data type 55 Boss Puzzle di
Page 663 and 664:
CGsdpSession 650 CanReceivePacket()
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certificate file 472 Certificate Ge
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ServiceL error handling 646 CGsdpSe
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CObjectIx class 614 CodeWarrior deb
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context switching 27 performance is
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CSession class 598, 614, 624 CShara
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text 501 fonts 495 GDI 507 line dra
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const rule, breaking 334 descriptio
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DrawVerticalBorder() function 238 D
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ExternalizeL() function 261 testing
Page 683 and 684:
files 416 copying to emulator 773 s
Page 685 and 686:
G game datagram protocol see GDP pr
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drawing 237 zooming 245 GetZoom() f
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graphics interaction 370 pick corre
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Install() function CActiveScheduler
Page 693 and 694:
graphics interaction handling 370 O
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summary 485 MakeVisible() function
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multithreading 43 MVC 287 controlle
Page 699 and 700:
packets see datagrams palettes 516
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private key 472 privilege boundarie
Page 703 and 704:
ReceiveAllL() 697 ReceivePacket() f
Page 705 and 706:
Revo 23 RFCOMM 701 RFile class 46 v
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RWriteStream 425 streams 430 vs. RF
Page 709 and 710:
CGraphicsContext class 324 SetBrush
Page 711 and 712:
simple getter functions 60 single-p
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Static() function CCoeEnv class 357
Page 715 and 716:
ESOCK sockets server 526 ETEL telep
Page 717 and 718:
TDisplayMode 516 Telephony server 6
Page 719 and 720:
TParsePtr 418 TParsePtrC 418 TPckg
Page 721 and 722:
derivation relationships 75 Unicode
Page 723:
flicker-free redraw 354 invalid reg
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