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Figure 11.13 The control environment's facilities include the following: � Access to the basic GUI resources: window server session, window group, screen device, and graphics context. � A permanently available file server session, available via FsSession(). � A normal font for drawing to the screen (10-point Arial), available via NormalFont(). � A Flush() function to flush the window server buffer and optionally wait a short period. � Convenience functions for creating new graphics contexts and fonts on the screen device. � Support for multiple resource files and many functions to read resources (see <strong>Chapter</strong> 7). See the definition of CCoeEnv in coemain.h for the full list. 11.6.2 Window-owning and Lodging A control may be either window-owning or a lodger. A window-owning control has-a window: a lodger simply uses-a window (Figure 11.14). Figure 11.14 Either way, throughout the lifetime of a control, an iWin member points to a drawable window. The drawable window may be either standard (RWindow) or backed-up (RBackedUpWindow) – RDrawableWindow is a base class for both these. You can call a CCoeControl function from those listed below during the second-phase constructor of a concrete control class to indicate whether it's window-owning or a lodger. The functions for specifying and testing the window are:
class CCoeControl : public CBase { public: ... IMPORT_C virtual void SetContainerWindowL(const CCoeControl& aContainer); IMPORT_C void SetContainerWindow(RWindow& aWindow); IMPORT_C void SetContainerWindow(RBackedUpWindow& aWindow); ... inline RDrawableWindow* DrawableWindow() const; ... IMPORT_C TBool OwnsWindow() const; IMPORT_C TBool IsBackedUp() const; ... protected: ... inline RWindow& Window() const; inline RBackedUpWindow& BackedUpWindow() const; IMPORT_C void CloseWindow(); IMPORT_C void CreateWindowL(); IMPORT_C void CreateWindowL(const CCoeControl* aParent); IMPORT_C void CreateWindowL(RWindowTreeNode& aParent); IMPORT_C void CreateWindowL(RWindowGroup* aParent); IMPORT_C void CreateBackedUpWindowL(RWindowTreeNode& aParent); IMPORT_C void CreateBackedUpWindowL(RWindowTreeNode& aParent, ... protected: CCoeEnv* iCoeEnv; ... private: RDrawableWindow* iWin; ... }; TDisplayMode aDisplayMode); The CreateWindowL() functions cause a new window – either standard or backed-up – to be created. The SetContainerWindow() functions tell the control to use an existing standard window or backed-up window. This should be used by controls that are themselves components of a control associated with the same window. SetContainerWindowL() tells the control to lodge in an existing control – and hence, ultimately, to use an existing window.
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Table of Contents Symbian OS C++ fo
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Reprinted August 2003 All Rights Re
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� consultants, trainers, and auth
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Symbian OS C++ for Mobile Phones fo
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When you're ready to use the Symbia
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improvement. She has a reputation f
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John works in the partner projects
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If you've never seen Symbian OS bef
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within a particular application. In
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There are a number of other ways in
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programs - namely, to handle and re
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There is no need to trap the call t
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abld build winscw udeb The winscw p
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If you're curious, you might want t
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If your connectivity software does
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Chapter 2: System Structure Overvie
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Figure 2.2 Figure 2.3 Symbian OS OE
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Note Actually, for performance reas
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To be executed, an executable has t
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The kernel itself has two major com
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ROM handling is easy. The ROM consi
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You can control the stack size in a
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industry standard, slightly smaller
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A server also uses its own active o
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In order to minimize any difficulty
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� The top-level project name in t
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Title DLL Source Group Headers Desc
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Chapter 3: C++ and Object Orientati
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The fundamental rule is, use names
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Category Examples Description Const
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3.2.6 Summary Naming conventions ar
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Convenience functions are trivial w
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� When declaring a virtual functi
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used in preference to old style C c
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Java uses interfaces too: in Java,
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� Whether these are private or pu
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If the cardinality is not 1-to-1, t
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Figure 4.1 At the bottom is the GDI
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In addition to the four C++ classes
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In addition, as indicated by the SO
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Figure 4.3 SDK and then browse to t
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eturn KErrNone; } Important You mus
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private: // from CEikDocument CEikA
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ConstructL() performs second-phase
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hellogui's application view is a co
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The other things we haven't seen in
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form described above advertises the
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} RESOURCE TBUF r_hellogui_text_hel
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CQikAppUi::HandleWsEventL(const TWs
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4.9 Terminating the Application By
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debug stepping, variable watching,
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5.1 Strings and Memory To understan
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� HBufC* is a pointer to a heap-b
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strlen() doesn't include the traili
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The Des() function returns a TPtr c
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TBuf helloWorld(_L("hello")); greet
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TDes& parameters. Symbian OS itself
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5.4 More Text APIs Symbian OS uses
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encodings of Unicode that use seque
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Chapter 6: Error Handling and Clean
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Even user input errors can be handl
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Note It also demonstrates that the
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eak; So, the New 1 menu item alloca
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this line yourself, and then rerun
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case EMagicCmdNew2: delete iObject2
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If the new(ELeave) fails, then iObj
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If you're writing a function, and t
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} You can invoke these functions fr
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Any one of the calls to UseL() may
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case EMagicCmdUse4: { CY* y = new(E
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� Functions that can leave must o
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CZ::NewL() was actually coded waste
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TAny*. The cleanup code will deallo
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successfully). This means you have
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User::Leave(KErrNone). This appears
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systems outside my control, and res
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Chapter 7: Resource Files Overview
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Data Type Description BUF A Unicode
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} MENU_ITEM { command = EExampleCmd
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A single resource file supports 409
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Filename Description EeikCmdExit, a
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RESOURCE MENU_PANE r_hellogui_hello
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0E [uncompressed data run length] 0
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Chapter 8: Basic APIs Overview We'v
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IMPORT_C void Write(TInt aPos, cons
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_LIT8(KTxt2," world"); buf->InsertL
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Dynamic buffers are also used to st
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Class name Description [*] CArrayFi
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In v7.0, the structure of ROM image
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} In a function such as FormatList(
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library. The next few pages should
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Using this technique, your program
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� The original program consisted
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pointer, and no method of directly
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Figure 9.1 It's a pretty Spartan di
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Note 9.2.3 The Controller As descri
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TInt iLength; // Length - determine
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void SetHit(TInt aX, TInt aY); // H
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The functions to do this are Functi
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User::After(1) is guaranteed to wai
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{ public: // Construct/destruct/set
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This begins by creating a new windo
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); aRect.iTl.iX+iBorderSize+i*iTile
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else gc.SetPenColor(KRgbYellow); gc
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control framework needs to know whe
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the board. It then uses these coord
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Calculate board size in twips, and
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iRightBorder.Move(offset); iBoardRe
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private: // Construct/restore void
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ViewCmdHitFleet() shows how the con
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There are no surprises in the comma
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}; MENU_ITEM {command=EEikCmdZoomIn
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The framework handles creating a fi
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void TShip::ExternalizeL(RWriteStre
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void CGameAppUi::HandleCommandL(TIn
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the target view. Because such messa
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TInt iCursorX; TInt iCursorY; TUid
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display area) and to handle a parti
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Create and load a bitmap iHideBitma
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This version formats the message ID
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Chapter 10: Dialogs and Concrete Co
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Figure 10.2 I got this by typing Ct
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Finally, note that buttons can't be
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for 'control'. I'll always use 'con
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CEikDialog* dialog = new(ELeave) CE
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Simply put, the dialog has a title,
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OK is handled by OkToExitL(). In fa
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Any of the checks or file operation
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}; id = EGameControlIdProtocol; con
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Page 261 and 262: TUid protocol = TUid::Uid(choicelis
Page 263 and 264: 10.3.2 Adding Buttons If you want t
Page 265 and 266: Function Description virtual void S
Page 267 and 268: � specify initialization data for
Page 269 and 270: CEikBorderedControl CEikBorderedCon
Page 271 and 272: � eikon.rh and Qikon.rh contain t
Page 273 and 274: Class Header ID CEikGlobalTextEdito
Page 275 and 276: UIs provide many other standard dia
Page 277 and 278: Figure 11.1 As it happens, this scr
Page 279 and 280: gc.DrawText(*iHelloWorld, rect, bas
Page 281 and 282: The two points that define Trect ca
Page 283 and 284: The clipping region defines the reg
Page 285 and 286: virtual void DrawBitmap(const TRect
Page 287 and 288: Figure 11.5 From the diagram: � T
Page 289 and 290: In theory, then, you don't need to
Page 291 and 292: So far, we have suggested that you
Page 293 and 294: DrawBorders(); DrawTiles(); } but t
Page 295 and 296: It turns out that working out exact
Page 297 and 298: Now it's time to be precise about h
Page 299 and 300: Figure 11.10 It has a single window
Page 301 and 302: { public: . . . static CExampleHell
Page 303 and 304: case 2: return EAmountOfControls; }
Page 305 and 306: finished. When the BeginRedraw()fun
Page 307 and 308: Default settings are assured here:
Page 309: First and foremost, a control is a
Page 313 and 314: You can set a control's position an
Page 315 and 316: IMPORT_C virtual void Draw(const TR
Page 317 and 318: � If you select OK on a dialog -
Page 319 and 320: In this chapter, I've concentrated
Page 321 and 322: TKeyResponse COppFleetView::OfferKe
Page 323 and 324: TEventCode is the type of window se
Page 325 and 326: notification, and changing the curs
Page 327 and 328: From the preceding discussion, it s
Page 329 and 330: � if the Set interval button is s
Page 331 and 332: � The general-purpose control des
Page 333 and 334: private: ... MCoeControlObserver* i
Page 335 and 336: Special-purpose events should be ha
Page 337 and 338: Figure 12.4 Key events are offered
Page 339 and 340: A control should change its appeara
Page 341 and 342: 12.4.3 Grabbing the Pointer-down Co
Page 343 and 344: ProcessPointerEventL() implements t
Page 345 and 346: In the last chapter, we concentrate
Page 347 and 348: making them lighter or darker. For
Page 349 and 350: Chapter 13: Files, Streams, and Sto
Page 351 and 352: Note Strictly, documents are not th
Page 353 and 354: Figure 13.2 The file server provide
Page 355 and 356: � changing directory and file att
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Page 359 and 360: Figure 13.5: � Write file allows
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TryChangeFocusToL(EExampleControlId
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file.Close(); // Finished with user
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Update view iAppView->DrawNow(); }
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} // Finish CleanupStack::PopAndDes
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external stream and de-serialize wh
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RwriteStream Functions RReadStream
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You'll remember that I used this, w
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Technique Application descriptor wh
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Let's consider the file format of t
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� create, write, and close the ap
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Figure 13.10 The main document is a
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through the DBMS. For more on using
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Figure 13.13 There is a small class
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� Where an application's .ini fil
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The first step of the process is to
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END SOURCE 1 icon2mask.bmp SOURCE c
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id=EHelloGuiCmd0; flags=EEikToolBar
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Figure 14.4 abld build winscw udeb
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For the purpose of this book, we'll
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#include RESOURCE AIF_DATA { capti
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1 file(s) copied. When this has fin
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The way the Certificate Generator w
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The body of this file should be obv
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Don't expect the installed applicat
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� Every application should fill t
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� Use bold style for active text
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Overview This chapter discusses wri
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Class Description CExampleApplicati
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Class Description Figure 15.3 conta
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aDeviceRect.Center().iY - boxInPixe
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} fontSpec)); The key function here
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The second case will cause problems
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I'm careful to draw every pixel: I
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SetZoomOutL() works the other way r
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ealistic print code would take acco
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Figure 15.7 The base class for bitm
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lit them efficiently from a shared
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#define KRgbYellow TRgb(0x00ffff) #
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world colors mapped down onto black
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Figure 15.8 The GUI used in the Psi
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In terms of applications, the appli
Page 443 and 444:
Overview So far in this book, we've
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Figure 16.2 The starting point for
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if (iController->Engine().IsMyTurn(
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device, I will have to publish thes
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� If your request didn't get thro
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Communications is full of this kind
Page 455 and 456:
The game will connect and you can s
Page 457 and 458:
Figure 16.9 The controller contains
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iEngine->iOppFleet.SetShipType(aX,
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if(!iController->IsMyTurn()) iEikon
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Of course, the opponent's response
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wrong with it. And it may not alway
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fleet.SetHit(x,y); // update view i
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With this scheme, each chat message
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For a minimum level of skill, the c
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CONE maintains an outstanding reque
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Figure 17.2 It is also worth mentio
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some function that will later gener
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So the scheduler handles precisely
Page 481 and 482:
CActive implements the Cancel() fun
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A RunL() function can stop the acti
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}; Figure 17.9 Member functions her
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Function Description Stop() Decreas
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17.3.1 Maintaining an Outstanding R
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Change visibility of app view text
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static CMultiPartHello* NewL(CActiv
Page 495 and 496:
iTimer.After(iStatus, iDelay); SetA
Page 497 and 498:
I prefer to hide active objects fro
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In active objects, higher priority
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Figure 18.1 Some simple server tran
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A new session has a handle that is
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Figure 18.4 Before any subsessions
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Figure 18.5 When the buffer is full
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Related servers can be run in the s
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� Request the window server to dr
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This is because, when a client thre
Page 515 and 516:
Figure 18.8 18.4.1 Thread Basics Th
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GetDesLength() return this as their
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class RSessionBase : public RHandle
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RSubSessionBase - client-side sub-s
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Bootstrap code for a server should
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The CSharableSession class provides
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RMessage is not intended for deriva
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The GSDP server presented here has
Page 531 and 532:
IMPORT_C TInt GetGdpProtocolInfo(TI
Page 533 and 534:
with all four slots, even if you do
Page 535 and 536:
}; RGsdpSession::Listen() calls CGs
Page 537 and 538:
inline RGsdpSession() : iHandler(0)
Page 539 and 540:
If, in the first step above, the ke
Page 541 and 542:
The GSDP client API implements a sy
Page 543 and 544:
� Function() gives me the request
Page 545 and 546:
Basically, the setter stores its ar
Page 547 and 548:
As we saw in Chapter 17, any API pr
Page 549 and 550:
Many Symbian OS servers use polymor
Page 551 and 552:
construct shutdown timer iShutdown=
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void CGsdpProtocolUpdater::RunL() {
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GSDP clients can select the protoco
Page 557 and 558:
} }; } }; } version_no = 1; display
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} aFromPort, aData); If iLastError
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� The datagram arrives via a GDP
Page 563 and 564:
AddPacket() is a method provided by
Page 565 and 566:
iReceiveMessage.Complete(KErrNone);
Page 567 and 568:
� The client program launches a n
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server.Close(); return died.Int();
Page 571 and 572:
CGsdpScheduler::TServerStart start;
Page 573 and 574:
aStart.SignalL(); CActiveScheduler:
Page 575 and 576:
19.4 Summary In this chapter, we've
Page 577 and 578:
Figure 20.1 Typically, a communicat
Page 579 and 580:
This encapsulation is important, as
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else // Everything was OK, leave th
Page 583 and 584:
suite of protocols: UDP, TCP, ICMP
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member of the GDP-SMS session objec
Page 587 and 588:
This puts it into an initial state,
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void CGdpSmsSender::TSendMsgState::
Page 591 and 592:
If, for some reason, the operation
Page 593 and 594:
RSmsSocketReadStream readstream(iRe
Page 595 and 596:
Bluetooth is composed of a hierarch
Page 597 and 598:
Figure 20.10 shows two sequential o
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As with GDP-SMS, the SendL() functi
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Once connected, the sockets interfa
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err = iListenSocket.Listen(4); User
Page 605 and 606:
iReceiver.iReadSocket.Read(iReceive
Page 607 and 608:
Appendix 1: Example Projects Overvi
Page 609 and 610:
AppForge development software integ
Page 611 and 612:
Psion has a long history of using S
Page 613 and 614:
Appendix 3: TOGS Guide and Referenc
Page 615 and 616:
protected: TUid iDtor_ID_Key; }; CG
Page 617 and 618:
eturn KErrNone; } TInt CGdpLoopback
Page 619 and 620:
packet to the initiating partner: t
Page 621 and 622:
inline RGsdpSession() : iHandler(0)
Page 623 and 624:
Function Description MGsdpPacketHan
Page 625 and 626:
RGCP TOGS is designed to support tu
Page 627 and 628:
Packet structure RGCP uses GSDP as
Page 629 and 630:
State Meaning responses are handled
Page 631 and 632:
Figure A3.10 Here's CRgcpSession's
Page 633 and 634:
void GsdpHandleL(const TDesC8& aDat
Page 635 and 636:
virtual void RgcpHandleBound() = 0;
Page 637 and 638:
State Meaning Listening You have ch
Page 639 and 640:
From To Occurs When other player, t
Page 641 and 642:
Opcode Name Details want-second.Res
Page 643 and 644:
Appendix 4: Emulator Reference Over
Page 645 and 646:
Figure A4.2 This source compatibili
Page 647 and 648:
Figure A4.5 An emulator configurati
Page 649 and 650:
Each Symbian OS .exe built for the
Page 651 and 652:
In different UIs, there can be addi
Page 653 and 654:
ARM data alignment rules are strict
Page 655 and 656:
Key Description W Dump full window
Page 657 and 658:
event handling threads 569 events,
Page 659 and 660:
Application Programming Interfaces
Page 661 and 662:
Boolean data type 55 Boss Puzzle di
Page 663 and 664:
CGsdpSession 650 CanReceivePacket()
Page 665 and 666:
certificate file 472 Certificate Ge
Page 667 and 668:
ServiceL error handling 646 CGsdpSe
Page 669 and 670:
CObjectIx class 614 CodeWarrior deb
Page 671 and 672:
context switching 27 performance is
Page 673 and 674:
CSession class 598, 614, 624 CShara
Page 675 and 676:
text 501 fonts 495 GDI 507 line dra
Page 677 and 678:
const rule, breaking 334 descriptio
Page 679 and 680:
DrawVerticalBorder() function 238 D
Page 681 and 682:
ExternalizeL() function 261 testing
Page 683 and 684:
files 416 copying to emulator 773 s
Page 685 and 686:
G game datagram protocol see GDP pr
Page 687 and 688:
drawing 237 zooming 245 GetZoom() f
Page 689 and 690:
graphics interaction 370 pick corre
Page 691 and 692:
Install() function CActiveScheduler
Page 693 and 694:
graphics interaction handling 370 O
Page 695 and 696:
summary 485 MakeVisible() function
Page 697 and 698:
multithreading 43 MVC 287 controlle
Page 699 and 700:
packets see datagrams palettes 516
Page 701 and 702:
private key 472 privilege boundarie
Page 703 and 704:
ReceiveAllL() 697 ReceivePacket() f
Page 705 and 706:
Revo 23 RFCOMM 701 RFile class 46 v
Page 707 and 708:
RWriteStream 425 streams 430 vs. RF
Page 709 and 710:
CGraphicsContext class 324 SetBrush
Page 711 and 712:
simple getter functions 60 single-p
Page 713 and 714:
Static() function CCoeEnv class 357
Page 715 and 716:
ESOCK sockets server 526 ETEL telep
Page 717 and 718:
TDisplayMode 516 Telephony server 6
Page 719 and 720:
TParsePtr 418 TParsePtrC 418 TPckg
Page 721 and 722:
derivation relationships 75 Unicode
Page 723:
flicker-free redraw 354 invalid reg
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