ANNUAL REPORT - Department of Biotechnology

develop a unique technique for meat identification i.e.
multiplex PCR, which efficiently differentiate six
species in a single reaction as against multiple
reaction in simplex PCR.
Animal Byproducts :
Efforts were continued to develop biomaterial of
bovine origin for reconstructive surgery in animals at
IVRI, Izatnagar. A protocol for the production of
completely acellular tissue metrics by specifically
removing cellular components has been
standardized. In-vitro cell cytotoxicty of the
biomaterials extract was studied using chick embryo
fibroblasts. None of the biomaterial had shown any
cytopathic effect with in 48 hours of post addition of
extract in the cell culture.
Structural and functional aspects of the 3 D Scaffold
of bovine origin for cardiomyocyte culture were
studied at SRMC and CLRI, Chennai. Normal bovine
heart tissue was decellularized and its criss cross
trabecular architecture resemble to honey comb with
cavities varying in size. Fibrillar Type I/III collagen
found in the heart provides structural scaffolding for
cardiomyocytes and coronary vessels. The 3D
sponge fabricated from bovine collagen Type I/III has
a hexagonal appearance. Hence it can be expected
to mimic the extracellular matrix of the heart for
cardiomyocyte culture invitro.
Poultry :
Various aspects on disease resistance, genomics
and diagnostics were pursued. Three generations of
six immunodivergent lines of chicken were produced
to study disease resistance at CARI, Izatnagar.
Highest genetic distance (0.453) among these lines
was found between high SRBC and high index lines.
AFLP analysis of these lines with two primer sets
revealed total 42 recordable bands ranging from 23
bp to 456 bp. The phylogenetic tree based on AFLP
and RAPD-PCR showed linewise clustering.
Genotype of IFN- promoter (-318G) was found to be
associated with immune response to NDV.
Comparative genomic studies on wild and
87
domesticated avian species were undertaken at
CARI, Izatnagar. Red jungle fowl (RJF) showed
genetic similarity with all the chicken breeds except
Kadaknath (KN), with whom it showed least genetic
similarity. Very few changes were observed in IL-2 as
well as IFN- promoter sequence in RJF in
comparison to chicken. Based on nt sequence
comparisons for IL-2 as well as IFN- gene, RJF
showed maximum genetic similarity of with chicken,
followed by turkey and quail.
At IVRI, Izatnagar, PCR and nested PCR
techniques have been standardized for developing
diagnostics against chicken anemia virus(CAV).
One of the CAV isolate was propagated for
restriction endonuclease (RE) study. Preliminary
study indicated the prevalence of CAV in difference
states of the country on the basis of CAV DNA
detection by PCR in field samples and PCR-RE
analysis revealed variation among the CAVs
circulating in the poultry flocks of the country.
Immunofluorescent
infected with CAV at 48 hr PI. FA stain x 400
Aquaculture & Marine Biotechnology
R&D Efforts continued for increasing productivity,
development of new vaccines and diagnostics,
molecular characterization of fish stock, cell culture,
molecular signaling, development, bioactive
molecules and immunostimulants etc.
Research and Development