Radiation Protection Radiation Protection

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UNSCEAR 26 July, 2012 WNU-Summer Institute 132
The United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic <strong>Radiation</strong> (UNSCEAR) Established by the UN General Assembly in 1955 Assess levels & effects of ionizing radiation Reports findings to Assembly Scientists from 21 UN Member States Other States provide relevant data Holds annual sessions in Vienna UNEP arranges secretariat and provides support 133
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WNU-Summer Institute 2012 Christ Ch
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FIRST PART Epistemology: Radiation
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Radioactive substance (radioactivit
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Absorbed dose, D (gray or rad) Radi
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Activity (Bq) Fluence (cm-2 Fluence
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Natural Cosmic Cosmic rays Terrestr
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OSU, Stillwater, OK, USA, February
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Medical sources
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Annual average per-caput dose (in m
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Military activities 20
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Annual effective dose (mSv) Doses d
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Global average levels Natural sourc
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Annual effective dose (mSv) 6 5 4 3
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Annual per caput dose (mSv) for USA
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(3) Recent Developments on the epis
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26 July, 2012 WNU-Summer Institute
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26 July, 2012 Radiation harm to DNA
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Many other mutations occur due to D
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26 July, 2012 0.5 Mev WNU-Summer I
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26 July, 2012 Chromosomes deletions
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26 July, 2012 Chromosomal aberratio
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26 July, 2012 Probability of mutati
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26 July, 2012 First possible outcom
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26 July, 2012 Cell killingat around
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26 July, 2012 Third possible outcom
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26 July, 2012 Altered process WNU-S
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26 July, 2012 Stochastic effects Ca
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Radiation mutates DNA 26 July, 2012
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26 July, 2012 Radioepidemiology (Ep
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26 July, 2012 Difficult to assess!
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26 July, 2012 The radium dial paint
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26 July, 2012 ..the Mayak cohort of
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…all these victims of radiation e
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Solid Cancer Mortality 47 years of
Page 81 and 82: 26 July, 2012 Hereditable Effects W
Page 83 and 84: The risk is so low that the estimat
Page 85 and 86: 26 July, 2012 Antenatal Effects WNU
Page 87 and 88: 26 July, 2012 1000mSv = IQ WNU-Summ
Page 89: Latest news 89
Page 94 and 95: Likelihood of health effects 100% (
Page 96 and 97: Likelihood of health effects 100% (
Page 98 and 99: 26 July, 2012 Take away points WNU-
Page 100 and 101: Dose Very low dose: about 10 mSv or
Page 102 and 103: Remember! 1. Radiation exposure at
Page 104 and 105: Additional information to the FIRST
Page 106 and 107: Physics and chemistry Biology 10 -1
Page 108 and 109: New UNSCEAR’s assessments Epidem
Page 110 and 111: 26 July, 2012 Chernobyl workers,
Page 112 and 113: 26 July, 2012 Adaptive Response + M
Page 114 and 115: The role of apoptosis (cell killing
Page 116 and 117: 26 July, 2012 Genomic instability
Page 118 and 119: Challenge to the paradigm Mutation
Page 120 and 121: Bystander effects The so-called “
Page 122 and 123: 26 July, 2012 Signals via intercell
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Page 126 and 127: 26 July, 2012 Effects in another or
Page 128 and 129: Does radiation exposure affect the
Page 130 and 131: (1) The International Organizations
Page 134 and 135: Member States on UNSCEAR Argentina
Page 137 and 138: ICRP 26 July, 2012 WNU-Summer Insti
Page 139 and 140: First ICRP meeting 1928 139
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Page 143 and 144: 26 July, 2012 The International Ato
Page 145 and 146: to establish standards IAEA statuto
Page 147 and 148: International Labour Organisation 1
Page 149 and 150: (2) The International Radiation Pro
Page 151 and 152: Total background incidence of effec
Page 153 and 154: Detriment-adjusted Nominal Risk Coe
Page 155 and 156: Time Protection basic dogma Shiel
Page 159 and 160: The principles of radiological prot
Page 161 and 162: The Principle of Justification •
Page 163 and 164: adioactive discharges (bad) Is the
Page 165 and 166: Justification!
Page 167 and 168: Detriment Detriment +Social cost Op
Page 169 and 170: Restrictions: Restrictions: dose li
Page 171 and 172: Source constraint 26 July, 2012 171
Page 173 and 174: The principle of protection of futu
Page 175 and 176: D Doses after 1 year of operation 1
Page 177 and 178: Doses after 3 years of operation D
Page 179 and 180: Types of exposure situations
Page 181 and 182: Planned exposure situations, are si
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Emergency exposure situations, •
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Emergency exposure situations Extan
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Doses to be constrained are those c
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Guidance for the protection of pati
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Workers (voluntary and individually
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The female worker: protecting the u
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Members of the Public (involuntary
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Natural background radiation (plann
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Doses to be constrained are those c
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‘Interventions’ (in existing an
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CRITERIA FOR INTERVENING (Extant An
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The use of a reference level in an
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(4) The International Regime 26 Jul
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“For their efforts [i] to prevent
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Legally Binding Conventions 213
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Convention on Assistance in the Cas
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Joint Convention on the Safety of S
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International Radiation Safety Stan
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Long experience 1962: first interna
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Safety Standards Hierarchy Safety F
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Safety Principles 1: Responsibilit
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Provisions for the application of t
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Take away points 1. Additional dose
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Download into your computer the fil
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Additional information to the SECON
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Policy Implications on effects at l
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Certainty (100%) 26 July, 2012 Like
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Dealing with uncertainties Is it pl
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Nominal statistical uncertainty dis
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26 July, 2012 Cumulative probabilit
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26 July, 2012 Cumulative probabilit
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Policy Implications: plausibility o
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Attributability Attribute: regard s
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Control group “N” people “C
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Limitation of knowledge in The sta
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Dose (mSv ( mSv) 10 2 10 1 10 -0 10
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C H E R N O B Y L
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Radiation Doses Average over 10 yea
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Dose (mSv ( mSv) 10 2 10 1 10 -0 Ch
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The ‘liquidators’ “ЛIКВIД
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agonzale@arn.gob.ar 26 July, 2012 T
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