- Page 1 and 2: WNU-Summer Institute 2012 Christ Ch
- Page 3 and 4: FIRST PART Epistemology: Radiation
- Page 5 and 6: Radioactive substance (radioactivit
- Page 7 and 8: Absorbed dose, D (gray or rad) Radi
- Page 9 and 10: Activity (Bq) Fluence (cm-2 Fluence
- Page 11 and 12: Natural Cosmic Cosmic rays Terrestr
- Page 13 and 14: OSU, Stillwater, OK, USA, February
- Page 15 and 16: Medical sources
- Page 17 and 18: Annual average per-caput dose (in m
- Page 20 and 21: Military activities 20
- Page 22 and 23: Annual effective dose (mSv) Doses d
- Page 24 and 25: Global average levels Natural sourc
- Page 26 and 27: Annual effective dose (mSv) 6 5 4 3
- Page 28 and 29: Annual per caput dose (mSv) for USA
- Page 30 and 31: (3) Recent Developments on the epis
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- Page 36 and 37: 26 July, 2012 Radiation harm to DNA
- Page 39: Many other mutations occur due to D
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- Page 46: 26 July, 2012 Chromosomes Transloca
- Page 49 and 50: adiation hits a cell nucleus! 26 Ju
- Page 51 and 52: DNA mutation p a D a D D 3)Cell su
- Page 53 and 54: 26 July, 2012 Second possible outco
- Page 55: Radiation accidents involving masiv
- Page 61 and 62: 26 July, 2012 Normal process WNU-Su
- Page 63 and 64: 26 July, 2012 Cell survives but mut
- Page 65 and 66: 26 July, 2012 Cancer WNU-Summer Ins
- Page 68 and 69: Estimates of the Risk of Cancer due
- Page 70 and 71: Control group “N” people “C
- Page 72 and 73: UNSCEAR has reviewed many many epid
- Page 74 and 75: …the early x-rays doctors and pat
- Page 76 and 77: ..the survivors of Hiroshima y Naga
- Page 78 and 79: 26 July, 2012 Cohort of Hiroshima &
- Page 80 and 81: Lifetime cancer mortality risk (aft
- Page 82 and 83: Prevalent opinion on the induction
- Page 84 and 85: 26 July, 2012 Hereditable Effects T
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- Page 88 and 89: 26 July, 2012 Shift in the IQ curve
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Summary of the scientific knowledge
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Likelihood of health effects 100% (
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Total background incidence of effec
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Activity bequerel Dose siever
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26 July, 2012 … above the prevale
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agonzalez@arn.gob.ar 26 July, 2012
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26 July, 2012 A close book? WNU-Sum
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26 July, 2012 WNU-Summer Institute
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26 July, 2012 Cardiovascular diseas
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26 July, 2012 ‘Non-targeted’ an
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26 July, 2012 conditioning dose cha
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26 July, 2012 Mutation Rate Apoptos
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Basic paradigms of radiobiology Dam
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26 July, 2012 WNU-Summer Institute
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26 July, 2012 “Bystander” effec
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Clastogenic plasma factors There is
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Abscopal effects An abscopal effect
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26 July, 2012 Effects of ionizing r
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SECOND PART Protection Paradigm: Th
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Epistemology of radiation Method, v
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The United Nations Scientific Commi
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The latest UNSCEAR reports Sources
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26 July, 2012 The International Com
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140
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IAEA 26 July, 2012 WNU-Summer Insti
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The IAEA is the only organ within t
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IAEA Safety Standards http://www-ns
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Radiation Protection Convention No.
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In paradigm choice there is no stan
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ICRP had to introduce the concept o
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Detriment-adjusted nominal risk coe
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Time? 156
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The principles of radiological prot
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Justification Good > bad
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Was evacuation justified?
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The Principle of Optimization of Pr
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The Principle of Dose Limitation
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Nuclear power Mining Wastes Transpo
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26 July, 2012 Extant dose WNU-Summe
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How to protect the future?
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Doses after 2 years of operation D
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CONTROL EQUILIBRIUM: BUILD-UP BUILD
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Types of exposure situations • Pl
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Planned exposure situation Regulato
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Existing exposure situations, • a
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3 systems homogeneous, coherent and
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Patients (The exposure is voluntary
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TRAINING..!! 190
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Occupational Dose Restrictions mSv
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Members of the Public (involuntary
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(planned) ‘Practices’
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Nuclear power Mining Wastes Transpo
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Restrictions on the dose attributab
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‘Interventions’ (in existing an
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Simplified summary of dose restrict
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In paradigm choice there is no stan
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The IAEA is the only organ within t
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to establish standards IAEA statuto
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Convention on Early Notification of
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Convention on Nuclear Safety 216
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Convention on Physical Protection o
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Nuclear Safety Standards Committee
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A large corpus of International Saf
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http://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/public
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26 July, 2012 227
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Example on how the system for estab
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to Geneva 26 July, 2012 WNU-Summer
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Take away points 1. There is a grow
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agonzalez@arn.gob.ar 26 July, 2012
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Epilogue Policy Implications: plaus
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Certainty (100%) 26 July, 2012 Like
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Certainty (100%) 26 July, 2012 Like
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26 July, 2012 ICRP Publication 99 L
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Uncertainty distribution for excess
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26 July, 2012 Cumulative probabilit
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26 July, 2012 … Namely … …ICR
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Likelihood of radiation health effe
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26 July, 2012 Epistemological limit
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26 July, 2012 Difficult to detect!
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Epidemiological limit Operating alg
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Dose (mSv ( mSv) 10 2 10 1 10 -0 10
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Natural Background Chernobyl for li
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Dose (mSv ( mSv) 10 2 10 1 10 -0 10
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Thyroid cancer in children in Belar
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Dose (mSv ( mSv) 10 2 10 1 10 -0 Li
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Certainty (100%) 26 July, 2012 Like
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Take away points 1. It is plausible