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The principles of radiological protection • The Principle of Justification • The Principle of Optimization of <strong>Protection</strong> • The Principle of Dose Limits • The Principle of <strong>Protection</strong> of Future Generations and the Environment
The Principle of Justification • Any decision that alters the radiation exposure situation should do more good than harm.
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WNU-Summer Institute 2012 Christ Ch
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FIRST PART Epistemology: Radiation
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Radioactive substance (radioactivit
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Absorbed dose, D (gray or rad) Radi
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Activity (Bq) Fluence (cm-2 Fluence
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Natural Cosmic Cosmic rays Terrestr
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OSU, Stillwater, OK, USA, February
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Medical sources
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Annual average per-caput dose (in m
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Military activities 20
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Annual effective dose (mSv) Doses d
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Global average levels Natural sourc
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Annual effective dose (mSv) 6 5 4 3
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Annual per caput dose (mSv) for USA
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(3) Recent Developments on the epis
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26 July, 2012 WNU-Summer Institute
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26 July, 2012 Radiation harm to DNA
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Many other mutations occur due to D
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26 July, 2012 0.5 Mev WNU-Summer I
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26 July, 2012 Chromosomes deletions
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26 July, 2012 Chromosomal aberratio
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26 July, 2012 Probability of mutati
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26 July, 2012 First possible outcom
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26 July, 2012 Cell killingat around
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26 July, 2012 Third possible outcom
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26 July, 2012 Altered process WNU-S
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26 July, 2012 Stochastic effects Ca
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Radiation mutates DNA 26 July, 2012
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26 July, 2012 Radioepidemiology (Ep
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26 July, 2012 Difficult to assess!
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26 July, 2012 The radium dial paint
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26 July, 2012 ..the Mayak cohort of
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…all these victims of radiation e
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Solid Cancer Mortality 47 years of
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26 July, 2012 Hereditable Effects W
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The risk is so low that the estimat
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26 July, 2012 Antenatal Effects WNU
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26 July, 2012 1000mSv = IQ WNU-Summ
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Latest news 89
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Likelihood of health effects 100% (
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Likelihood of health effects 100% (
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26 July, 2012 Take away points WNU-
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Dose Very low dose: about 10 mSv or
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Remember! 1. Radiation exposure at
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Additional information to the FIRST
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Physics and chemistry Biology 10 -1
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New UNSCEAR’s assessments Epidem
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Page 112 and 113: 26 July, 2012 Adaptive Response + M
Page 114 and 115: The role of apoptosis (cell killing
Page 116 and 117: 26 July, 2012 Genomic instability
Page 118 and 119: Challenge to the paradigm Mutation
Page 120 and 121: Bystander effects The so-called “
Page 122 and 123: 26 July, 2012 Signals via intercell
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Page 126 and 127: 26 July, 2012 Effects in another or
Page 128 and 129: Does radiation exposure affect the
Page 130 and 131: (1) The International Organizations
Page 132 and 133: UNSCEAR 26 July, 2012 WNU-Summer In
Page 134 and 135: Member States on UNSCEAR Argentina
Page 137 and 138: ICRP 26 July, 2012 WNU-Summer Insti
Page 139 and 140: First ICRP meeting 1928 139
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Page 143 and 144: 26 July, 2012 The International Ato
Page 145 and 146: to establish standards IAEA statuto
Page 147 and 148: International Labour Organisation 1
Page 149 and 150: (2) The International Radiation Pro
Page 151 and 152: Total background incidence of effec
Page 153 and 154: Detriment-adjusted Nominal Risk Coe
Page 155 and 156: Time Protection basic dogma Shiel
Page 159: The principles of radiological prot
Page 163 and 164: adioactive discharges (bad) Is the
Page 165 and 166: Justification!
Page 167 and 168: Detriment Detriment +Social cost Op
Page 169 and 170: Restrictions: Restrictions: dose li
Page 171 and 172: Source constraint 26 July, 2012 171
Page 173 and 174: The principle of protection of futu
Page 175 and 176: D Doses after 1 year of operation 1
Page 177 and 178: Doses after 3 years of operation D
Page 179 and 180: Types of exposure situations
Page 181 and 182: Planned exposure situations, are si
Page 183 and 184: Emergency exposure situations, •
Page 185 and 186: Emergency exposure situations Extan
Page 187 and 188: Doses to be constrained are those c
Page 189 and 190: Guidance for the protection of pati
Page 193 and 194: Workers (voluntary and individually
Page 195 and 196: The female worker: protecting the u
Page 197 and 198: Members of the Public (involuntary
Page 199 and 200: Natural background radiation (plann
Page 201 and 202: Doses to be constrained are those c
Page 203 and 204: ‘Interventions’ (in existing an
Page 205 and 206: CRITERIA FOR INTERVENING (Extant An
Page 207 and 208: The use of a reference level in an
Page 209 and 210: (4) The International Regime 26 Jul
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“For their efforts [i] to prevent
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Legally Binding Conventions 213
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Convention on Assistance in the Cas
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Joint Convention on the Safety of S
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International Radiation Safety Stan
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Long experience 1962: first interna
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Safety Standards Hierarchy Safety F
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Safety Principles 1: Responsibilit
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Provisions for the application of t
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WNU-Summer Institute 230
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Take away points 1. Additional dose
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Download into your computer the fil
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Additional information to the SECON
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Policy Implications on effects at l
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Certainty (100%) 26 July, 2012 Like
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Dealing with uncertainties Is it pl
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Nominal statistical uncertainty dis
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26 July, 2012 Cumulative probabilit
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26 July, 2012 Cumulative probabilit
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Policy Implications: plausibility o
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Attributability Attribute: regard s
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Control group “N” people “C
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Limitation of knowledge in The sta
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Dose (mSv ( mSv) 10 2 10 1 10 -0 10
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C H E R N O B Y L
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Radiation Doses Average over 10 yea
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Dose (mSv ( mSv) 10 2 10 1 10 -0 Ch
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The ‘liquidators’ “ЛIКВIД
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agonzale@arn.gob.ar 26 July, 2012 T
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