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Status and distribution Cordulegaster boltonii (Donovan) Golden-ringed dragonfly Description C. boltonil is a large hawker dragonfly with a very striking appearance, having a black and yellow body and green eyes. The abdomen of males widens towards the posterior end giving it a club-shape similar to the much smaller Gomphus vulgatissimus, but the pattern of yellow markings is quite different. C. boltonii owes its vernacular name to the series of paired yellow.markings on the dorsal surface of the abdomen which extend to the sides and give the appearance of rings. Female coloration is similar to the male. Habitat C. boltonii breeds in boggy runnels and moderate- to fast-flowing rivulets, streams and rivers with a silt, gravel or stony bed, usually in western and upland areas but also on lowland heaths. Breeding biology Males patrol long lengths of stream flying very low, usually less than 50 cm from the surface and much lower than Aeshna juncea which can occupy similar habitat. They are very aggressive but do not defend particular territories. After a lengthy copulation away from water, the female, unaccompanied by the male, hovers by the edge of the stream and thrusts her abdomen down in a stabbing motion pushing her eggs into sediment with her long ovipositor. In fast-flowing stony streams, quiet backwaters are selected where silt has been deposited. The larvae usually take more than two years to develop, and have been known to take four or five years. They live partially concealed in the silt with just their eyes and the end of their abdomen protruding and they prey on passing organisms. In boggy runnels, the larvae may also be found in peaty detritus along with larvae of Orthetrum coerulescens. Flight periods C. boltonii is on the wing from early June to early September. It may be seen with Calopteryx virgo and Pyrrhosoma nymphula on streams, and with the latter species and 0. coerulescens near bogs. In Britain, C. boltonii is widespread in western and upland districts from Cornwall to the extreme north of Scotland, and on the southern lowland heaths of Dorset, the New Forest, Surrey/Hampshire border and Ashdown Forest in Sussex. It is absent from much of central and eastern England. In Ireland, despite an abundance of apparently suitable habitat, C. boltonii has not been recorded authentically. Sélys-Longchamps (1846) listed C. boltonii as Irish from 'Northern Lakes', on the basis of information gained from the eminent Irish entomologist, Haliday, during the former's visit to Ireland in 1845. A specimen, apparently taken by Haliday in Ireland, is in the National Museum, Dublin (King & Halbert 1910). On 24 August 1986, an individual of the genus Cordulegasterwas observed closely, while settled, by R Thorpe, at Firkeel in Co Cork, at the mouth of Bantry Bay. As this would represent beyond doubt an addition to the Irish List, absolute proof of specific identity is necessary, and, as a result, the record has not been mapped in this Atlas. European and world C. boltonli is found widely in Europe from Portugal to southern Scandinavia distribution and east to Russia. It is rare or absent in lowland areas bordering the North Sea, and absent from the eastern Mediterranean. There are several European subspecies. 82
Cordulegaster boltonii (Donovan) Golden-ringed dragonfly 1975-90 o 1950-74 O Pre-1950 a 000 000 0 0 0 000 Sa 000 0 9141 00 0000o 000 0 00 00 : 00 a o 05 o 00 00 00 0 00000 00.00 000 00 000 000 00000000 00000000 00000000 83 0 0 5555 0 00 0 O 00 000 00000 0.0 000 000 00 00000 o 000 00 00000 0000000 0 00000 00000000 00000 00 0 o a o 0 o 000 0 00 0 0000 0 000 5555 0000 000000 000 0 0 0
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Cover photograph: Aeshna juncea Ins
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@ NERC Copyright 1996 ISBN 0 11 701
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FOREWORD Having been on the fringe
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The following list
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Howard, G.; Howard, LW; Howe, M.; H
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Walker, D.S.; Walker, FA; WaLker, I
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CHECKLIST The following checklist i
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Aeshna mixta Latreille 1805 Aeschna
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THE BRITISH AND IRISH ODONATA IN A
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of distributions of dragonflies usi
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I 00 o o Figure 3. Map of coverage
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,o " Figure 5. Map of coverage at t
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FIELDWORK AND DATA MANAGEMENT METHO
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areas, and encouraged in this by bo
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Table 3. Distribution of each speci
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Table 4 (con°. Vice-county distrib
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Table 4 (cont). Vice-county distrib
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Computerisation and validation Havi
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dominance of one individual over an
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RESIDENT SPECIES Description Habita
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Calopteryx splendens (Harris) Bande
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Description Flight periods Status a
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Description Lestes dryas Kirby Scar
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Platycnemis pennipes (Pallas) White
Page 53 and 54: Pyrrhosoma nymphula (Sulzer) 1975-9
Page 55 and 56: Erythromma najas (Hansemann) 1975-9
Page 57 and 58: Coenagrion mercuriale (Charpentier)
Page 59 and 60: Coenagrion scituluni (Rambur) Daint
Page 61 and 62: Coenagrion hastulatuni (Charpentier
Page 63 and 64: Coenagrion lunulatum (Charpentier)
Page 65 and 66: Coenagrion armatum (Charpentier) No
Page 67 and 68: Coenagrion puella (Linnaeus) Azuxe
Page 69 and 70: Coenagrion pulchellum (Vander Linde
Page 71 and 72: Enallagma cyathigerurn (Charpentier
Page 73 and 74: Ischnura pumilio (Charpentier) Scar
Page 75 and 76: Ischnura elegans (Vander Linden) 19
Page 77 and 78: Ceriagrion tenellurn (Villers) 1975
Page 79 and 80: Aeshna caerulea (Strom) Azure hawke
Page 81 and 82: Aeshna juncea (Linnaeus) Common haw
Page 83 and 84: Montiaghs Moss, near Aghalee, Co An
Page 85 and 86: Sundon Springs chalk quarry, near L
Page 87 and 88: PLATE 1 Calopteryxvirgo adult PLATE
Page 89 and 90: PLATE 13 Libellula fulva adult PLAT
Page 91 and 92: Aeshna mixta Latreile Migrant hawke
Page 93 and 94: Aeshna cyanea (Muller) Southern haw
Page 95 and 96: Aeshna grandis (Linnaeus) Brown haw
Page 97 and 98: Aeshna isosceles (Muller) Norfolk h
Page 99 and 100: Anax imperator Leach Emperor dragon
Page 101 and 102: Brachytron pratense (Muller) Hairy
Page 103: Gomphus vulgatissimus (Linnaeus) 19
Page 107 and 108: Cordulia aenea (Lin.naens) Downy em
Page 109 and 110: Somatochlora metallica (Vander Lind
Page 111 and 112: Somatochlora arctica (Zetterstedt)
Page 113 and 114: Oxygastra curtisii (Dale) Orange-sp
Page 115 and 116: Libellula quadrimaculata Linnaeus 1
Page 117 and 118: Libellula fulva Mailer Scarce chase
Page 119 and 120: Libellula depressa Linnaeus 1975-90
Page 121 and 122: Orthetrum cancellatum (Linnaeus) 19
Page 123 and 124: Orthetrum coerulescens (Fabricius)
Page 125 and 126: Sympetrum striolaturn (Charpentier)
Page 127 and 128: Sympetrum sanguineum (Muller) Ruddy
Page 129 and 130: Sympetruni danae (Sulzer) 1975-90 o
Page 131 and 132: Leuconhinia dubia (Vander Linden) W
Page 133 and 134: IMIVLIGRANTS AND ACCIDENTAL SPECIES
Page 135 and 136: POSSIBLE ADDITIONS TO THE BRITISH A
Page 137 and 138: SEASONAL OCCURRENCE PREVIOUS REPRES
Page 139 and 140: 700 600 500 400 300. 200 100 0 90 8
Page 141 and 142: 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 90 80 70 60 50
Page 143 and 144: Finally, differences in recorder be
Page 145 and 146: ODONATA LOCALITY 6411 V10E-COUNTY N
Page 147 and 148: Particularly in the case of residen
Page 149 and 150: conditions and which may be of grea
Page 151 and 152: 1960s from its single locality alon
Page 153 and 154: pond. One of the authors did this o
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REFERENCES Aguilar, J. d', Dommange
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Gabb, R. & Kitching, D. 1992. The d
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Coenagrion rnercuriale (Charpentier
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Dee'. Transactions of the Natural H
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Circumboreal Occurring in a band en
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Marl A whitish clay soil with a hig
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Vulvar scale WATCH Weald Wheel posi
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Appendix 2. LIST OF PLANT NAMES Pla
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Libefiula depressa 5,6,14,17,18,19,
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