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Description This is a robust damselfly in which males are mostly black with blue markings and bright red eyes, and so cannot be confused with any of our other resident species. The dorsal surface of the thorax is bronze-black, with no antehumeral stripes. The sides of the thorax are blue, as is the dorsal surface of abdominal seyments 1, 9 and 10. In the similar Ischnura elegans, only abdominal segment 8 is blue dorsally. In mature females the eyes are not as bright as in males, and the blue markings on the abdomen are lacking, apart from a thin blue ring dorsally between several posterior segments. The sides of the thorax and abdomen are yellowish green. Breeding biology The males are aggressive and fly purposefully and low over the water surface in search of females. Both sexes frequently settle on floating leaves, though in males Seldom on the same leaf. Winsland (1983) and Benton (1988) record interspecific competition between E. najas and Enallagma cyathigerum. Oviposition occurs in tandem, the eggs being inserted into the stems of aquatic plants. Winsland (1983) noted that a pair of E. najas in tandem remain submerged for 28 minutes. The larvae, which live amongst submerged water plants, generally take two years to complete their development, but can take one year. Flight periods E. najas is on the wing from mid-May to the end of August. In south-eastern Britain it may be found with many other dragonfly species, such as Anax imperator, Aeshna grandis, Libellula depressa and the commoner damselflies. Status and distribution E. najas is numerous in the Weald, and fairly common in some other south-eastern and midland counties. It extends north to the Pocklington and Leven Canals in Yorkshire, and has a toe-hold in Wales along the Montgomery Canal. It is a very rare breeding species in the south-western peninsula of England. A single female specimen, apparently taken at Bridge of Weir (presumably Renfrewshire, Scotland) on 13 June 1885, is in the JJ F X King collection (O'Farrell 1950). This record, and those of several other species in the collection, has not been mapped (see Vetting of records section in Description of data set). It was recorded as Irish by Haliday in the 19th century, but its status was regarded with scepticism by King and Halbert (1910) and Nelson (1986). European and world distribution Erythromma najas (Hansemann) Red-eyed damselfly Habitat E. najas is most often recorded from those mesotrophic lakes, large ponds, canals and dykes where there is plenty of aquatic vegetation with floating leaves, such as water-lilies, broad-leaved pondweed or amphibious bistort. It also breeds in sluggish rivers, provided the current is sufficiently slow not to prevent the growth of the above-mentioned plants. Erythromma is one of the few genera which is confined to the Palaearctic region. E. najas is widespread throughout central and northern Europe, but is absent from most of the Mediterranean area. Its range extends east to Siberia and Japan. 40
Erythromma najas (Hansemann) 1975-90 o 1950-74 O Pre-1950 r3 3 41 00 0000 00 Red-eyed damselfly 00 00 00 00 000 00 o 0 o o 0 0 00 0000 0 0 0 00 00 0 0410 00 0 00 0 00 00 00 00 00 00 410 o o 0 0000 0 0 00 0 0 00 000 00 0 0 0 00 0000000 0 00 000000 0000 0000 00
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Cover photograph: Aeshna juncea Ins
Page 4 and 5: @ NERC Copyright 1996 ISBN 0 11 701
Page 7 and 8: FOREWORD Having been on the fringe
Page 9 and 10: ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The following list
Page 11 and 12: Howard, G.; Howard, LW; Howe, M.; H
Page 13: Walker, D.S.; Walker, FA; WaLker, I
Page 16 and 17: CHECKLIST The following checklist i
Page 18 and 19: Aeshna mixta Latreille 1805 Aeschna
Page 20 and 21: THE BRITISH AND IRISH ODONATA IN A
Page 22 and 23: of distributions of dragonflies usi
Page 24 and 25: I 00 o o Figure 3. Map of coverage
Page 26 and 27: ,o " Figure 5. Map of coverage at t
Page 28 and 29: FIELDWORK AND DATA MANAGEMENT METHO
Page 30 and 31: areas, and encouraged in this by bo
Page 32 and 33: Table 3. Distribution of each speci
Page 34 and 35: Table 4 (con°. Vice-county distrib
Page 36 and 37: Table 4 (cont). Vice-county distrib
Page 38 and 39: Computerisation and validation Havi
Page 40 and 41: dominance of one individual over an
Page 42 and 43: RESIDENT SPECIES Description Habita
Page 44 and 45: Calopteryx splendens (Harris) Bande
Page 46 and 47: Description Flight periods Status a
Page 48: Description Lestes dryas Kirby Scar
Page 51 and 52: Platycnemis pennipes (Pallas) White
Page 53: Pyrrhosoma nymphula (Sulzer) 1975-9
Page 57 and 58: Coenagrion mercuriale (Charpentier)
Page 59 and 60: Coenagrion scituluni (Rambur) Daint
Page 61 and 62: Coenagrion hastulatuni (Charpentier
Page 63 and 64: Coenagrion lunulatum (Charpentier)
Page 65 and 66: Coenagrion armatum (Charpentier) No
Page 67 and 68: Coenagrion puella (Linnaeus) Azuxe
Page 69 and 70: Coenagrion pulchellum (Vander Linde
Page 71 and 72: Enallagma cyathigerurn (Charpentier
Page 73 and 74: Ischnura pumilio (Charpentier) Scar
Page 75 and 76: Ischnura elegans (Vander Linden) 19
Page 77 and 78: Ceriagrion tenellurn (Villers) 1975
Page 79 and 80: Aeshna caerulea (Strom) Azure hawke
Page 81 and 82: Aeshna juncea (Linnaeus) Common haw
Page 83 and 84: Montiaghs Moss, near Aghalee, Co An
Page 85 and 86: Sundon Springs chalk quarry, near L
Page 87 and 88: PLATE 1 Calopteryxvirgo adult PLATE
Page 89 and 90: PLATE 13 Libellula fulva adult PLAT
Page 91 and 92: Aeshna mixta Latreile Migrant hawke
Page 93 and 94: Aeshna cyanea (Muller) Southern haw
Page 95 and 96: Aeshna grandis (Linnaeus) Brown haw
Page 97 and 98: Aeshna isosceles (Muller) Norfolk h
Page 99 and 100: Anax imperator Leach Emperor dragon
Page 101 and 102: Brachytron pratense (Muller) Hairy
Page 103 and 104: Gomphus vulgatissimus (Linnaeus) 19
Page 105 and 106:
Cordulegaster boltonii (Donovan) Go
Page 107 and 108:
Cordulia aenea (Lin.naens) Downy em
Page 109 and 110:
Somatochlora metallica (Vander Lind
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Somatochlora arctica (Zetterstedt)
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Oxygastra curtisii (Dale) Orange-sp
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Libellula quadrimaculata Linnaeus 1
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Libellula fulva Mailer Scarce chase
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Libellula depressa Linnaeus 1975-90
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Orthetrum cancellatum (Linnaeus) 19
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Orthetrum coerulescens (Fabricius)
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Sympetrum striolaturn (Charpentier)
Page 127 and 128:
Sympetrum sanguineum (Muller) Ruddy
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Sympetruni danae (Sulzer) 1975-90 o
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Leuconhinia dubia (Vander Linden) W
Page 133 and 134:
IMIVLIGRANTS AND ACCIDENTAL SPECIES
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POSSIBLE ADDITIONS TO THE BRITISH A
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SEASONAL OCCURRENCE PREVIOUS REPRES
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700 600 500 400 300. 200 100 0 90 8
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70 60 50 40 30 20 10 90 80 70 60 50
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Finally, differences in recorder be
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ODONATA LOCALITY 6411 V10E-COUNTY N
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Particularly in the case of residen
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conditions and which may be of grea
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1960s from its single locality alon
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pond. One of the authors did this o
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REFERENCES Aguilar, J. d', Dommange
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Gabb, R. & Kitching, D. 1992. The d
Page 159 and 160:
Coenagrion rnercuriale (Charpentier
Page 161 and 162:
Dee'. Transactions of the Natural H
Page 163 and 164:
Circumboreal Occurring in a band en
Page 165 and 166:
Marl A whitish clay soil with a hig
Page 167 and 168:
Vulvar scale WATCH Weald Wheel posi
Page 169 and 170:
Appendix 2. LIST OF PLANT NAMES Pla
Page 171:
Libefiula depressa 5,6,14,17,18,19,
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