Encyclopedia of Drugs, Alcohol, and Addictive Behavior (vol

Vol. 3: pp. 947–1372; Vol. 4: pp. 1373–1864 INDEX
Marion-Merrell Dow Corp., 1088
Marital therapy
behavioral approaches, 1226
as group therapy, 1240–1241
Markers (Immunoassays), 626–627, 628
Marketing. See Advertising
Marlboro cigarettes, 47, 1094–1095,
1097–1098
Marplan. See Isocarboxazid
Marriage. See also Families
alcohol-related aggression and, 525–529
alcoholism treatment and, 1148
Martinez, Bob, 1281, 1286, 1297–1298
Martinez, Julio, 1138
Marvin Burt Associates, 730–731
Maryland
Oxford House, 1136–1137
Mass spectrometry, 457
Massachusetts
Hospital for Dipsomaniacs and Inebriates,
1120–1121
inebriate asylums and, 1118
Norfolk State Hospital, 1120–1121
Worcester State Hospital, 1122
MAST. See Michigan Alcohol Screening Test
Matching. See Patient
Maté, 210
Maternal drug use. See Pregnancy
Mathias, Charles, 837
Maupin, Armistead, 378
Mayahuel (Aztec deity), 77–78
Mayan civilization
chocolate use in, 255–256
tobacco use in, 872–874
McCaffrey, Barry R., 477, 1128–1129,
1297–1298, 1299
ONDCP and, 1281
McCoy, Bill, 936
McDonnell Douglas Corp., 486
McNair, Douglas, 981–982
McNeil Corp., 1088
MDA
chemical structure of, 590, 707
as designer drug, 384
as stimulant-hallucinogen, 589–590
WHO and, 1366
MDEA, 384
MDMA, 263–264, 384, 707–708, 708
chemical structure of, 590, 707
Controlled Substances Act of 1970 and,
352
in high schools, 602–603, 604–605
memory and, 1025
as stimulant-hallucinogen, 589–590, 1024
Mecamylamine, as nicotine blockade, 1205
Medellin drug cartel, 284, 285–286,
658–660
Media and prevention movements, 839–840,
906
Median effective dose. See ED50
Median lethal dose. See LD50
Medicaid, 484, 1115–1116
Medical complications, 314–325, 881. See
also specific complications, e.g.,
Cardiovascular disorders
Medical professionals. See Health care
professionals
Medicare, 484, 1116
Medications
over-the-counter (See Over-the-counter
drugs)
for substance abuse (See
Pharmacotherapy)
Megavitamins. See Vitamins
Melanesia and kava use, 144–145
Melanoctye-stimulating hormone, 295–296
Mellanby effect, 26
Meloxicam, 831
Melphalan, 220
Memory, 710–713
alcohol and, 292–293, 319, 332–334
alcohol pharmacotherapy and, 1155
benzodiazepines and, 1020–1021
serotonin uptake inhibitors and, 1027
state dependent learning and, 708–710
stimulants and, 293
Men
antisocial personality disorder and, 138
Canadian substance abuse, 218
elderly, and alcohol, 57
family violence and, 521–522
homelessness and, 613–615
hypogonadism and, 320–321
vulnerability in, 1319–1322, 1323
Mendocino State Hospital (California), 1122
Menstrual cycle, 296, 297
Mental disorders, 325–331. See also specific
disorders, e.g., Obsessive
ADHD and, 155–156
aggression and, 53
alcohol pharmacotherapy and, 1155–1156
cannabis and, 704–705
child abuse and, 249–250
cocaine and, 1255
excessive behaviors and, 822–823
family violence and, 522, 525–526, 528
genetic vulnerability and, 233
hallucinations and, 586
homelessness and, 615–616, 891
methadone treatment and, 720
MMPI and, 739–740
serotonin uptake inhibitors and, 1027
substance abuse and, 320, 327–330
tobacco and, 1102–1103
WHO on, 654
Mental hygiene movement, 1120–1121
MEOS. See Microsomal ethanol-oxidizing
system
Meperidine, 713–714
chemical structure of, 713
convulsions from, 806
as designer drug template, 384
for pain, 832
WHO and, 1366
Mephenytoin polymorphism, 447
Mephobarbital, 160
Meprobamate, 59, 714, 714
Meprospan. See Meprobamate
Mering, Joseph von, 159
Merrell Dow Co., 43
Mescal. See Peyote
Mescaline, 714–715, 876
chemical structure of, 590, 690, 714
as hallucinogen, 586–587, 690–691,
1023–1024
vs. peyote, 845–846
Mesocorticolimbic dopaminergic system,
194–195, 195
Mesopotamia. See Iran
Metabolic tolerance, 25
Metabolism. See Drug metabolism
Metcalf-Volker Narcotic Addict Commitment
Act of 1962 (New York), 782
Methadone, 715–716
benzodiazepines with, 177
chemical structure of, 715
development of, 1181
endocrine disorders and, 296
history of treatment and, 1125
HIV and, 1062
vs. l-alpha-acetylmethadol, 681
myths about, 749
1845
neonatal withdrawal and, 538–540
for pain, 832
during pregnancy, 807, 893–897, 899
testosterone and, 296
thyroxine and, 298
TOPS study and, 1132–1133
treatment with (See Methadone
maintenance programs)
Methadone Anonymous, 1178
Methadone maintenance programs,
716–722, 718
British treatment system and, 201–204,
598
for cocaine polydrug addiction,
1170–1171
for heroin addiction, 804, 1182, 1183,
1253–1254
Netherlands treatment and, 769–770
for opioid addiction, 436–437, 811,
818–819, 969, 1219–1220
outpatient, 1216–1217
Methadyl acetate. See L-alphaacetylmethadol
Methamphetamines, 722–723
chemical structure of, 722
as club drug, 264
crime and, 368
epidemics of, 110, 115–122, 117, 118,
120, 489, 490–491
freebasing of, 546–548
during pregnancy, 893–897
seizures of, 117
serotonin and, 226–227
World War II usage, 110
Methanol, 723, 1363
Methaqualone, 723–724, 724, 1366
Metharbital, 160
Methedrine, 724, 724. See also
Methamphetamines
Methohexital, 161
Methyl alcohol. See Methanol
Methyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate, 174
1-methyl, 4-phenyl, 1, 2, 3, 6tetrahydropyridine.
See MPTP
1-methyl, 4-propionoxy, 4-phenylpyridine.
See MPPP
Methylenedioxyamphetamine. See MDA
Methylenedioxyethamphetamine. See MDEA
Methylenedioxymethamphetamine. See
MDMA
Methylphenidate, 724–725
for ADHD, 156, 329
for cocaine addiction, 271, 1170
Methylxanthines
caffeine, 209–210, 214–215
theobromine, 1085
Metoclopramide, 705
Metronidazole, 59, 411, 1252
Mexican Americans. See Hispanic Americans
Mexican mushroom. See Psilocybin
Mexico
alcohol use in, 77–78, 80
chocolate use in, 255–256
crop control in, 372, 375, 664
as drug source, 725–728, 727, 1054
amphetamines, 117
cannabis, 373, 655–657, 664
cocaine, 666
opium, 655–657, 660–661, 663–664,
665–666
Operation Intercept and, 794–796
terrorism in, 1081–1082
tobacco use in, 872–874
as transit country, 1112
Miami, Florida, drug court, 431