Encyclopedia of Drugs, Alcohol, and Addictive Behavior (vol

INDEX Vol. 1: pp. 1–474; Vol. 2: pp. 475–946
Vitamin B 1. See Thiamine
Vitamin deficiencies, from alcohol, 75
Vitamins, 306, 337, 1312–1313
Vodka, 407–408
Vogel, V. H., 756
Volatile solvents. See Inhalant addiction
Volstead Act of 1920, 934–935, 936
Anslinger, Harry J. and, 130–131
drug policies and, 883–884
Voltage-sensitive ion channels. See Ion
channels
Volume of distribution (Drugs), 846
Volume-transmission communication. See
Paracrine communication
Volunteers
in abuse liability testing, 4
for UKAT, 1270
Voucher incentives. See Motivational
enhancement therapy
Vulnerability to substance abuse, 684,
1313–1319
in adult children of alcoholics, 36–38
alcoholic liver disorders and, 311
behavioral economics and, 168–170
child abuse and, 247, 249–250,
1327–1329
cocaine and, 491–493
coping ability, 352–353
disease concept and (See Disease concept
of substance abuse)
dropping out and, 422–424
ethnicity, 507–510, 1325–1326
family factors in, 515–521
gambling and, 557, 561–562
gender, 575–576, 1319–1322
genetics, 232–234, 577, 1322–1324
to HIV/AIDS, 648–653
mental disorders and, 326
protective factors, 1313, 1315
alcohol metabolism as, 233
religion as, 956–960, 957, 958, 959
psychoanalytic perspective on, 1324–1325
risk factors, 1313, 1314
ADHD, 155–156
for children, 479
personality as, 840–843
for suicide, 1064–1065
sensation-seeking, 1326–1327
sexual abuse, 1327–1329
stress, 1330–1333
W
Wagenaar, Alexander, 672
Walden House, 1137
‘‘War on drugs’’
Nixon and, 884
Operation Intercept and, 794–796
Reagan and, 885, 1274
zero tolerance and, 1371
War Powers Act (Britain), 1010
Warfarin, 878
Wars, drug use in. See names of specific
wars, e.g., Vietnam War
Washington (State), tobacco lawsuit, 46
Washington University School of Medicine,
DSM-IV and, 394
Washingtonian Movement, 1078,
1117–1118
Water accidents, 9, 77
Water intake. See Fluid intake
Waterloo Smoking Prevention Project,
921–922
Ways of Coping Scale, 353
WCTU. See Women’s Christian Temperance
Union
Weeks v. United States (1914), 510
Weight gain, smoking cessation and,
1106–1108. See also Obesity
Weight loss
alcohol and, 337
anorectic agents for (See Anorectic agents)
anorexia and, 130
Welfare policy, 615, 617, 1335–1338
Wellbutrin. See Bupropion
Wells, Horace, 644
Wen, H. L., 1222–1223
Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome, 292–293,
319, 332–333, 710, 711
West Indies, 874–875
Wetherington, Gerald, 431
Whippets, 645
Whiskey, 81, 406–407
Whiskey Rebellion of 1794, 81, 643, 1073
White blood cells. See Leukocytes
White House Conference for a Drug-Free
America, 1286, 1371
WHO. See World Health Organization
Widmark, Erik M. P., 185, 457–459,
856–857, 858–859
Widmark equation, 857, 858–859
Wife beating. See Family violence
Wikler, Abraham, 1338
Wikler’s Pharmacologic Theory of Drug
Addiction, 356, 1338–1339
Willard, Frances, 1079, 1360, 1361–1362
Williams, Cecil, 504
Williams, Harrison, 1124
Wilmar State Hospital (Minnesota), 1244
Wilson, William Griffith. See Bill W.
Wine, 406–407. See also Alcohol
advertising and, 39, 40–41
health benefits of, 316
Wings cigarettes, 1094
Winning phase of gambling addiction, 562
Withdrawal, 967, 1339–1355. See also
Abstinence; Detoxification
from alcohol (See Alcohol withdrawal)
from amphetamines, 112, 113–114, 392
from anabolic steroids, 127
from barbiturates, 109, 162, 163, 164,
464
from benzodiazepines (See
Benzodiazepines, withdrawal from)
from caffeine, 209, 212, 213
from cardiovascular drugs, 1351–1352
from cocaine (See Cocaine withdrawal)
conditioned (See Conditioned withdrawal)
craving and, 355, 356
dependence syndrome and, 391–392, 392
detoxification-related, 385
drug interactions and, 436
from gambling, 562
from heroin, 595–596, 803–804
ibogaine as treatment for, 622
from marijuana, 1187–1188
mental disorders and, 327
from methadone, 715–716, 803–804
from methaqualone, 724
from morphine, 743
naloxone and, 751
in neonates, 17
from opioids, 538–539
from neuropsychopharmacological drugs,
1352–1353
from nicotine (See Nicotine withdrawal)
from nonabused drugs, 1351–1355
from opioids (See Opioid withdrawal)
pharmacodynamics and, 845–846
from phencyclidine, 864–865
polydrug addiction and, 1189–1190
stress and, 1332
1862
symptoms, 392
from THC, 1084
from tobacco, 1198
Wittenmeyer, Annie, 1079, 1361–1362
Women and substance abuse, 575–576,
1355–1359. See also Gender
advertising and, 49
antisocial personality disorder and, 138
bulimia nervosa and, 205
Canadian substance abuse, 218
family violence and, 521–522, 524–531
gang roles and, 565–566
HIV/AIDS and, 650
pregnant (See Pregnancy)
temperance movement and, 1359–1363
tobacco and, 1103, 1105–1106
violence against, 361–362
vulnerability in, 1319–1322, 1323
weight gain from smoking cessation and,
1106, 1107
Women for Sobriety, 94, 1048, 1261–1262
Women’s Christian Temperance Union,
1079, 1359–1363, 1360
Women’s Crusade, 1361
Women’s suffrage, 1361–1362
Wood alcohol, 723, 1363
Woodward, Samuel, 1118
Worcester State Hospital (Massachusetts),
1122
Workplace. See Industry and workplace
World Bank, 544
World Drink Trends, 1999 Edition, 166–167
World Health Organization. See also
International Classification of
Diseases
on alcohol use, 85
on alcoholism, 400
on analgesics use, 257
controlled schedules and, 944, 1035
CPDD and, 282
on dependence, 400, 401–402
Expert Committee on Drug Dependence
(See Expert Committee on Drug
Dependence)
on hallucinogens, 622
on HIV/AIDS, 1061–1062
on smokeless tobacco, 1095
substance abuse definition, 176
World War I
alcohol and, 83
Britain drug use and, 198–199, 1010
Prohibition and, 1079
World War II
amphetamines and, 110, 115
cannabis and, 221–222
Mexico and, 727
X
Xanax. See Alprazolam
Xanthine, 209, 256
Xenon-133, 624–625
XTC. See MDMA
Yale Center of Alcohol Studies. See Rutgers
Center of Alcohol Studies
Yale Laboratory of Applied Physiology,
1012–1013
Yale Plan on Alcoholism, 1013
Yalow, Rosalyn S., 627
Yaqui culture, 80–81
Yeast, 165
Yemen, 677–678
Y