Page 2 Plant-Bacteria Interactions Edited by Iqbal Ahmad, John ...
Page 2 Plant-Bacteria Interactions Edited by Iqbal Ahmad, John ...
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11.4<br />
Rhamnolipids<br />
Microorganisms produce a wide variety of secondary metabolites that have a diverse<br />
spectrum of activity in environmental remediation. More recently, rhamnolipids of<br />
bacterial origin have found special application in biocontrol of phytopathogenic<br />
fungi. Such bioactive molecules are likely to influence biotic and abiotic processes<br />
in the natural environment including soil and rhizosphere ecosystems.<br />
Biosurfactants or surface-active compounds are produced <strong>by</strong> a variety of microorganisms<br />
including bacteria, yeast and fungi (Table 11.1). Their broad range of<br />
potential applications include enhanced oil recovery; surfactant-aided bioremediation<br />
of water-insoluble pollutants; facilitation of industrial processes such as<br />
emulsification, phase separation and viscosity reduction [79–81]; replacement of<br />
Table 11.1 Major types of biosurfactants produced <strong>by</strong> microorganisms.<br />
Biosurfactant type Microorganism<br />
11.4 Rhamnolipidsj219<br />
Alasan Acinetobacter radioresistens<br />
Arthrofactin Arthrobacter sp. MIS38<br />
Biosur Pm Pseudomonas maltophilla CSV 89<br />
Glycolipid Serratia rubudia<br />
Glycolipid Serratia marcesens<br />
Glycolipid Alcanivorax borkumenis<br />
Glycolipid Tsukamurella sp.<br />
Lychenysin A Bacillus licheniformis BAS50<br />
Lychenysin B Bacillus licheniformis JF-2<br />
Mannosylerythritol lipids Candida antarctica<br />
Mannosylerythritol lipids Candida sp. SY16<br />
Mannosylerythritol lipids Candida antarctica KCTC 7804<br />
PM factor Pseudomonas marginalis PD 14B<br />
Rhamnolipid Pseudomonas aeruginosa GS3<br />
Rhamnolipid Pseudomonas aeruginosa UW-1<br />
Rhamnolipid Pseudomonas aeruginosa GL1<br />
Sophorose lipid Candida apicola IMET 43 747<br />
Sophorose lipid Candida bombicola<br />
Streptofactin Streptomyces tendae TU901/8c<br />
Surfactin Bacillus pumilus A1<br />
Surfactin Bacillus subtilis C9<br />
Surfactin Bacillus subtilis<br />
Surfactin Lactobacillus sp.<br />
Surfactin Bacillus subtilis ATCC 21 332<br />
Trehalose dimycolate Rhodococcus erythropolis<br />
Trehalose lipid Nocardia SFC-D<br />
Trehalose lipid Rhodococcus sp. H13 A<br />
Trehalose lipid Rhodococcus sp. ST-5<br />
Trehalose tetraester Arthrobacter sp. EK1<br />
Viscosin Pseudomonas fluorescens
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