November 2011 - The Galena Territory
November 2011 - The Galena Territory
November 2011 - The Galena Territory
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www.thegalenaterritory.com<br />
By JULIE BRUSER<br />
Around Halloween, many<br />
people take time to learn about<br />
one of the holiday’s well-known<br />
icons and one of nature’s most<br />
misunderstood creatures: bats.<br />
A lot of people do not understand<br />
the useful role bats play<br />
in helping control insect populations.<br />
Most of the myths about<br />
bats have created such fear that<br />
the topic of bat conservation is<br />
rarely discussed.<br />
Most bats are harmless. <strong>The</strong>y<br />
are not blind or dirty; they do<br />
not get caught in people’s hair or<br />
infest homes with bedbugs. And,<br />
much like other mammals, less<br />
than one-half of one percent of<br />
all bats contract rabies.<br />
Bats are highly beneficial for<br />
insect control, as they are the<br />
only major predators of nightflying<br />
insects. <strong>The</strong>y pollinate<br />
fruit flowers, disperse seeds in<br />
tropical rainforests (aiding in reforestation)<br />
and are an important<br />
source of fertilizer (bat guano is<br />
actually mined from caves where<br />
bats live). Bats are also valuable<br />
in medical research, contributing<br />
to the development of navigational<br />
aids for the blind.<br />
In recent years, significant<br />
populations of several hibernating<br />
bat species have declined.<br />
<strong>The</strong> cause of death is believed to<br />
be Geomyces destructans, a cold<br />
temperature-loving white fungus,<br />
commonly known as White-nose<br />
Syndrome (WNS). Little Brown<br />
Bats appear to be the species<br />
hardest hit. WNS has been reported<br />
in 18 states in the U.S.<br />
and four Canadian provinces.<br />
It is believed that infected bats<br />
are depleting their fat reserves<br />
more quickly during hibernation,<br />
awaking more often and/or for<br />
longer periods of time.<br />
What can be done to help?<br />
<strong>The</strong> Organization for Bat<br />
Conservation (OBC) suggests<br />
building or buying a bat box to<br />
provide roosting sites. <strong>The</strong>y also<br />
suggest planting moth-attracting<br />
wildflowers to give bats an additional<br />
food source. Also, leave<br />
dead or dying trees up to provide<br />
bats with natural shelters.<br />
Even to the casual observer,<br />
watching and learning about<br />
bats can be both fascinating and<br />
educational. By providing a bat<br />
house, you may be able to bring<br />
these beneficial mammals to<br />
your yard. Here are some com-<br />
monly asked questions and answers<br />
about bats:<br />
WHAT KIND OF BATS DO WE<br />
HAVE AROUND HERE?<br />
<strong>The</strong> Little Brown Bat is the<br />
most common bat in this area,<br />
and this species will use a manmade<br />
bat box.<br />
DO BATS LIVE IN A HOUSE ALL<br />
YEAR ROUND OR DO THEY<br />
MIGRATE IN THE WINTER?<br />
In the northern two-thirds of<br />
the U.S., most bats migrate south<br />
in the winter, but some hibernate.<br />
Very few species can survive<br />
sub-freezing temperatures.<br />
Bats that inhabit bat houses generally<br />
move to an isolated cave<br />
or abandoned mine, while tree<br />
roosting bats travel south just<br />
like birds.<br />
HOW DO I KNOW IF I CAN GET<br />
BATS IN MY BAT HOUSE?<br />
Bats like a source of water<br />
(stream, marsh or lake) and an<br />
area plentiful with insects. <strong>The</strong>y<br />
will travel up to a mile or more<br />
to the water source. So, if you<br />
are within a mile of water and<br />
have lots of insects, you could<br />
COMMUNITYFOCUS<br />
<strong>Territory</strong> Times<br />
Nature in <strong>The</strong> <strong>Galena</strong> <strong>Territory</strong><br />
More Than a Halloween Symbol,<br />
Bats Are Important for the Ecosystem<br />
very well attract bats to a bat<br />
house. Watch for them soaring<br />
in your yard at night.<br />
WHEN AND WHERE SHOULD I<br />
HANG A BAT HOUSE?<br />
Bat houses can be hung any<br />
time, but fall, winter or early<br />
spring are preferred. It may take<br />
up to a year to attract them, but<br />
some people attract them immediately.<br />
Bat houses need to<br />
have six to eight hours of direct<br />
sunlight, so hanging them with<br />
a southerly exposure is usually<br />
best. Locate them near a water<br />
source and hang them 15 feet<br />
above the ground where they<br />
are sheltered from the wind. Bat<br />
houses hung from buildings are<br />
preferred by bats, but they could<br />
be hung in a tree as well.<br />
Julie Bruser, who has lived<br />
in <strong>The</strong> <strong>Territory</strong> since 1997, is<br />
a birding enthusiast who has<br />
long been involved in conservation<br />
activities and owns <strong>Galena</strong>’s<br />
Wild Birds Unlimited. Contact<br />
her at wildbirds@wbugalena.<br />
com, or check out www.wbu.<br />
com/galena.<br />
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<strong>November</strong> <strong>2011</strong> 49<br />
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