childcare-50years

Recommendations

Info

5 makers. There was a desire to be progressive and more "scientific" in approach and a belief that this would be of benefit for the child and the wider society. Since that time sentencing of child offenders has been influenced by the movement between two ends of a continuum, the need for treatment and the need to make sentences proportionate to the seriousness of the offence committed. The Lynn Committee examined the extent of "juvenile delinquency" in Northern Ireland. It concluded that although there had been a rise in indictable offences involving children and young people under 16 during the 1930s that the numbers of such offences committed by young people in Northern Ireland was still relatively small. The Committee also felt that there were important factors to be taken into account in looking at the reasons for juvenile offending. These included lack of parental responsibility, poor housing, lack of employment and lack of recreational facilities. They also found that there was insufficient evidence to demonstrate the effects of cinema and dance halls on delinquency! The Lynn Report was certainly as radical as the content of 1933 English legislation . The recommendations that showed advancement in thinking in relation to juvenile offenders included: • the use of police "private warnings" (cautions) for child petty offenders; • the introduction of special qualifications for magistrates sitting in juvenile court with a resident magistrate always present as chairman; • the belief that the jurisdiction and procedure of the juvenile court should not be similar to an ordinary adult court and the court should be "empowered to exercise...the widest powers of guardianship and protection"; • raising the age of criminal responsibility from 7 to 8 years; • the provision of a special remand home for boys; 50 YEARS OF CHILD CARE IN NORTHERN IRELAND 106
5 • the view that imprisonment was unsuitable for juveniles even in the case of very serious acts of delinquency; • reformatories and industrial schools should be combined into a system of approved schools; and • after-care should be regarded as an essential part of the approved school system. The Committee gave consideration to whether whipping as a court sentence should be abolished (the penalty was rarely used in Northern Ireland) and decided that it should be retained but used infrequently as they had no doubts that in most cases it had damaging effects. In coming to this decision they were swayed by the opinion of Sir Cyril Burt, the psychologist, who felt that in some cases, involving the most vicious offenders, it could be useful. The Lynn Committee recognised the value of supervision of young offenders in the community. At that time there were just 10 probation officers in Northern Ireland, half of whom were based in Belfast. Of the Belfast probation officers 3 were women. One other remaining officer was employed as a court missionary and another was employed by the Catholic Discharged Prisoners' Aid Society. All the officers were employed on a part time basis and needed another form of occupation to support themselves. The scales of remuneration were low even by the standards of the day. Caseloads were high. A part time senior probation officer had a caseload of 70 and a part time probation officer had a caseload of 37. Pre-war probation officers had a calling that was often based on religious conviction, concerned especially with the evil effects of drink. The cornerstone of their beliefs was that each offender had dignity, worth and, above all, could be reformed. The Lynn Report made significant recommendations regarding the organisation, appointment, numbers, training and improved remuneration of probation officers. It visualised a secular, public, professional body that had outgrown its charitable origins and would have a significant part to play in supervising child offenders. The Committee had a vision of the future that moved the emphasis of the 50 YEARS OF CHILD CARE IN NORTHERN IRELAND 107
Page 1:
50 A Better Future 40 30 20 10 Depa
Page 5 and 6:
PREFACE There is both an acceptance
Page 7:
Finally, I am indebted to Mr Selwoo
Page 10 and 11:
1 decisions, taken in the late 1940
Page 12 and 13:
1 1946 which resulted in the Childr
Page 14 and 15:
1 recognition of the effect of the
Page 17 and 18:
Chapter FOSTER CARE 2 Background an
Page 19 and 20:
2 adequacy of the supply of foster
Page 21 and 22:
2 residential care to children wher
Page 23 and 24:
Both these issues were addressed in
Page 25 and 26:
2 "On balance and taking into accou
Page 27 and 28:
2 Numbers of children fostered and
Page 29 and 30:
2 Safeguarding children in foster c
Page 31 and 32:
2 Prior to the adoption of the Nati
Page 33 and 34:
2 • encourages partnership workin
Page 35 and 36:
2 "The most important general issue
Page 37 and 38:
2 The main achievements in foster c
Page 39:
2 The Human Rights Act 1998, also b
Page 42 and 43:
3 Adoption of Children Act (NI) 192
Page 44 and 45:
The social context to 1947 3 Povert
Page 46 and 47:
The management and structure of ado
Page 48 and 49:
3 cent were under 2 years. Third pa
Page 50 and 51:
3 baby boy: the child's mother did
Page 52 and 53:
3 The management and structure of a
Page 54 and 55:
3 Adoption (NI) Order 1987 however
Page 56 and 57:
3 figures available show that in 19
Page 58 and 59: 3 situations, Catholic lists remain
Page 60 and 61: 3 The Adoption Allowances Regulatio
Page 62 and 63: 3 population) had been freed or wer
Page 64 and 65: 3 Table 4 - Number of children adop
Page 66 and 67: 3 could be assured within the law t
Page 68 and 69: adoption. In the near future, few p
Page 70 and 71: 3 The post placement and post adopt
Page 72 and 73: 3 professional responsibility for s
Page 74 and 75: 3 Church of Ireland Adoption Societ
Page 76 and 77: 3 • the establishment of speciali
Page 78 and 79: 4 During the 1950s the main concern
Page 80 and 81: 4 • every attempt was to be made
Page 82 and 83: 4 failed, however, to anticipate th
Page 84 and 85: 4 "Boards should seek to reduce the
Page 86 and 87: 4 taken to ensure that these childr
Page 88 and 89: 4 Practice, however, soon establish
Page 90 and 91: 4 • the need for a complaints pro
Page 92 and 93: 4 Kincora, as early as 1967, there
Page 94 and 95: 4 • there were social, economic a
Page 96 and 97: 4 Table 7 - Number of children in c
Page 98 and 99: 4 The Child Welfare Council Report
Page 100 and 101: 4 within homes as a consequence of
Page 102 and 103: 4 The past 50 years have, therefore
Page 104 and 105: 4 The devolved administration, the
Page 107: Chapter 5 JUVENILE OFFENDING Develo
Page 111 and 112: 5 the order did not appear as a cri
Page 113 and 114: 5 Having commenced with a small gro
Page 115 and 116: 5 The decline in numbers of young p
Page 117 and 118: 5 considerably, juvenile liaison bu
Page 119 and 120: 5 years the percentage of cases giv
Page 121 and 122: 3. Working with young offenders req
Page 123 and 124: 5 remanded or placed in a secure un
Page 125 and 126: Chapter DISABLED CHILDREN Introduct
Page 127 and 128: 6 In the absence of a full and read
Page 129 and 130: 6 in Northern Ireland designed to p
Page 131 and 132: 6 are known are receiving either ca
Page 133 and 134: 6 other conditions. This became the
Page 135 and 136: 6 cent of children who fell within
Page 137 and 138: 6 Sixteen percent of parents said t
Page 139 and 140: 6 The treatment of handicapping con
Page 141 and 142: 6 Nursing Team) and the Children's
Page 143 and 144: 6 The 1950 Children and Young Perso
Page 145 and 146: 6 them) her young siblings made a j
Page 147 and 148: 6 Legislation and the development o
Page 149 and 150: 6 based homes and hostels. Some chi
Page 151 and 152: 6 The Children Order was implemente
Page 153 and 154: 6 In an ever-changing social contex
Page 155 and 156: Chapter 7 CHILD PROTECTION Origins
Page 157 and 158: 7 the 1908 Act did not allow such a
Page 159 and 160:
7 under the supervision of a probat
Page 161 and 162:
7 Boards to set up registers on chi
Page 163 and 164:
7 supposed satanic abuse in the Ork
Page 165 and 166:
7 can be uncomfortable to the profe
Page 167 and 168:
7 Work like this is not given much
Page 169 and 170:
7 Alongside these educational progr
Page 171 and 172:
7 the responsibility of one agency
Page 173 and 174:
Chapter SOCIAL WORK EDUCATION & TRA
Page 175 and 176:
8 basic qualification in social wor
Page 177 and 178:
8 proposed a two year generic socia
Page 179 and 180:
8 in Residential Care for Children
Page 181 and 182:
8 CCETSW's report "Care for Tomorro
Page 183 and 184:
• high expectations are placed on
Page 185 and 186:
8 people that are involved across a
Page 187:
8 7. Since the 1990s there has been
Page 190 and 191:
9 Because our society is in the pro
Page 192 and 193:
9 specific commitment to improve co
Page 194 and 195:
9 who wish to work in the care serv
Page 196 and 197:
9 establish a contract with SCIE to
Page 199 and 200:
BIBLIOGRAPHY • ‘Adoption of Chi
Page 201 and 202:
• Department of Health, ‘Adopti
Page 203 and 204:
• O’Halloran, K. ‘Adoption La
Page 205 and 206:
• Tresiliotis, J. Shireman, J. an
Page 208:
ISBN 0-946932-07-7 Published by: De
show all

childcare-50years

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?